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  • 1
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    (Table 2) Mineralogy, stable isotopes, and mineral percentages of the carbonate fraction of samples from the South China Sea
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Han, Xiqiu; Suess, Erwin; Huang, Yong-Jiang; Wu, Nengyou; Bohrmann, Gerhard; Su, Xin; Eisenhauer, Anton; Rehder, Gregor; Fang, Yinxia (2008): Jiulong Methane Reef: Microbial mediation seep-carbonates in the South China Sea. Marine Geology, 249(3-4), 243-256, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2007.11.012
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: Chemoherm carbonates, as well as numerous other types of methane seep carbonates, were discovered in 2004 along the passive margin of the northern South China Sea. Lithologically, the carbonates are micritic containing peloids, clasts and clam fragments. Some are highly brecciated with aragonite layers of varying thicknesses lining fractures and voids. Dissolution and replacement is common. Mineralogically, the carbonates are dominated by high magnesium calcites (HMC) and aragonite. Some HMCs with MgCO3 contents of between 30–38 mol%–extreme-HMC, occur in association with minor amounts of dolomite. All of the carbonates are strongly depleted in d13C, with a range from -35.7 to -57.5 per mil PDB and enriched in d18O (+ 4.0 to + 5.3 per mil PDB). Abundant microbial rods and filaments were recognized within the carbonate matrix as well as aragonite cements, likely fossils of chemosynthetic microbes involved in carbonate formation. The microbial structures are intimately associated with mineral grains. Some carbonate mineral grains resemble microbes. The isotope characteristics, the fabrics, the microbial structure, and the mineralogies are diagnostic of carbonates derived from anaerobic oxidation of methane mediated by microbes. From the succession of HMCs, extreme-HMC, and dolomite in layered tubular carbonates, combined with the presence of microbial structure and diagenetic fabric, we suggest that extreme-HMC may eventually transform into dolomites. Our results add to the worldwide record of seep carbonates and establish for the first time the exact locations and seafloor morphology where such carbonates formed in the South China Sea. Characteristics of the complex fabric demonstrate how seep carbonates may be used as archives recording multiple fluid regimes, dissolution, and early transformation events.
    Keywords: Aragonite; Calculated, see reference(s); Description; Dolomite; Elevation of event; Event label; High magnesium calcite; IFM-GEOMAR; Latitude of event; Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften, Kiel; Longitude of event; Low magnesium calcite; Mass spectrometer Finnigan MAT 252; Sample code/label; SIGER; SO177/1; SO177/1-28; SO177/1-29; SO177/1-30; SO177/1-50; SO177/1-51; SO177/1-52; SO177/1-53; SO177/1-72; SO177/2; SO177/2-91; SO177/2-92; Sonne; Television-Grab; TVG; TVG-1; TVG-11; TVG-13; TVG-14; TVG-2; TVG-3; TVG-6; TVG-7; TVG-8; TVG-9; δ13C, carbonate; δ18O, carbonate
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 660 data points
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  • 2
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    Late Miocene palaeoflora and palaeoclimate of Lincang (China) (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Jacques, Frédéric M B; Guo, Shuang-Xing; Su, Tao; Xing, Yao-Wu; Huang, Yong-Jiang; Liu, Yu-Sheng Christopher; Ferguson, David-Kay; Zhou, Zhekun (2011): Quantitative reconstruction of the Late Miocene monsoon climates of southwest China: A case study of the Lincang flora from Yunnan Province. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 304(3-4), 318-327, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.04.014
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Description: The Miocene Lincang leaf assemblage is used in this paper as proxy data to reconstruct the palaeoclimate of southwestern Yunnan (SW China) and the evolution of monsoon intensity. Three quantitative methods were chosen for this reconstruction, i.e. Leaf Margin Analysis (LMA), Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP), and the Coexistence Approach (CA). These methods, however, yield inconsistent results, particularly for the precipitation, as also shown in European and other East Asian Cenozoic floras. The wide range of the reconstructed climatic parameters includes the Mean Annual Temperature (MAT) of 18.5-24.7 °C and the Mean Annual Precipitation (MAP) of 1213-3711 mm. Compared with the modern Lincang climate (MAT, 17.3 °C; MAP, 1178.7 mm), the Miocene climate is slightly warmer, wetter and has a higher temperature seasonality. A detailed comparison on the palaeoclimatic variables with the coeval Late Miocene Xiaolongtan flora from the eastern part of Yunnan allows us to investigate the development and interactions of both South Asian and East Asian monsoons during the Late Miocene in southwest China, now under strong influence of these monsoon systems. Our results suggest that the monsoon climate has already been established in southwest Yunnan during the Late Miocene. Furthermore, our results support that both Southeast Asian and East Asian monsoons co-occurred in Yunnan during the Late Miocene.
    Keywords: Lincang; NECLIME; NECLIME_campaign; Neogene Climate Evolution in Eurasia; Paleontological sampling; PALSAMP; Yunnan, China
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 3
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    Late Miocene Xianfeng palaeoflora and palaeoclimate of Yunnan Province, southwestern China (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Xing, Yao-Wu; Utescher, Torsten; Jacques, Frédéric M B; Su, Tao; Liu, Yu-Sheng Christopher; Huang, Yong-Jiang; Zhou, Zhekun (2012): Palaeoclimatic estimation reveals a weak winter monsoon in southwestern China during the late Miocene: Evidence from plant macrofossils. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 358-360, 19-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.07.011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Description: The late Miocene Xianfeng flora of Yunnan Province, southwestern China, was chosen to reconstruct the paleoclimate and the intensity of the Asian monsoon. Three available quantitative climate reconstruction methods from fossil plants, i.e. Leaf Margin Analysis (LMA), the Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP), and the Coexistence Approach (CA) were used in this study. MATs (mean annual temperatures) resulting from these three approaches (i.e., LMA: 17.2 ± 2.38 °C; CLAMP: 15.43 ± 1.25 °C; CA: 17.2-21.7 °C) appear to have been higher than the present (14.9 °C), suggesting a much warmer climate in the late Miocene. Both the growing season precipitation (GSP) from CLAMP (1908.7 ± 217.7 mm) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) from CA (1206.0-1613.0 mm) estimates are higher than modern values (1003.2 mm (GSP) and 1038 mm (MAP) respectively) indicating a more humid climate during the late Miocene. By comparing these with climates reconstructed from neighboring late Miocene floras, we conclude that the general late Miocene climate appears warmer and more humid than present conditions in southwestern China. Furthermore, the evident differences in estimated monthly temperatures between the summer and winter, and precipitations between the humid and dry seasons indicate the existence of seasonality, though not as strong as that of today. Difference in precipitation of dry season indicates a marked strengthening in the winter monsoon since the late Miocene. A new monsoon intensity index has also been defined based on precipitation seasonality to investigate the intensity of the Asian monsoon.
    Keywords: Yunnan_Province; Yunnan, China
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 4
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    Leaf physiognomic composition of the Late Miocene palaeoflora of Lincang (China) (2011)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Keywords: Climate-Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP) (Wolfe, 1993); Leaf apex attenuate; Leaf apex emarginate; Leaf apex round; Leaf base acute; Leaf base cordate; Leaf base round; Leaf length/width ratio 〈 1:1; Leaf length/width ratio 〉 4:1; Leaf length/width ratio 1-2:1; Leaf length/width ratio 2-3:1; Leaf length/width ratio 3-4:1; Leaf lobed; Leaf margin, entire; Leaf margin teeth acute; Leaf margin teeth close; Leaf margin teeth compound; Leaf margin teeth regular; Leaf margin teeth round; Leaf shape ellipitic; Leaf shape obovate; Leaf shape ovate; Leaf size leptophyll 1, 5-20 mm2; Leaf size leptophyll 2, 20-80 mm2; Leaf size mesophyll 1, 3600-6200 mm2; Leaf size mesophyll 2, 6200-10000 mm2; Leaf size mesophyll 3, 〉 10000 mm**2; Leaf size microphyll 1, 80-400 mm2; Leaf size microphyll 2, 400-1400 mm2; Leaf size microphyll 3, 1400-3600 mm2; Leaf size nanophyll, 〈 5 mm**2; Lincang; NECLIME; NECLIME_campaign; Neogene Climate Evolution in Eurasia; Paleontological sampling; PALSAMP; Yunnan, China
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 31 data points
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  • 5
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    (Appendix 1) CLAMP scoring sheet of Late Miocene Xianfeng palaeoflora, Yunnan (China) (2012)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Keywords: Climate-Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP) (Wolfe, 1993); Leaf apex acute; Leaf apex attenuate; Leaf apex emarginate; Leaf apex round; Leaf base acute; Leaf base cordate; Leaf base round; Leaf length/width ratio 〈 1:1; Leaf length/width ratio 〉 4:1; Leaf length/width ratio 1-2:1; Leaf length/width ratio 2-3:1; Leaf length/width ratio 3-4:1; Leaf lobed; Leaf margin entire (no teeth); Leaf margin teeth; Leaf margin teeth acute; Leaf margin teeth close; Leaf margin teeth compound; Leaf margin teeth distant; Leaf margin teeth irregular; Leaf margin teeth regular; Leaf margin teeth round; Leaf shape ellipitic; Leaf shape obovate; Leaf shape ovate; Leaf size leptophyll 1, 5-20 mm**2; Leaf size leptophyll 2, 20-80 mm**2; Leaf size mesophyll 1, 3600-6200 mm**2; Leaf size mesophyll 2, 6200-10000 mm**2; Leaf size mesophyll 3, 〉 10000 mm**2; Leaf size microphyll 1, 80-400 mm**2; Leaf size microphyll 2, 400-1400 mm**2; Leaf size microphyll 3, 1400-3600 mm**2; Leaf size nanophyll, 〈 5 mm**2; Leaf unlobed; ORDINAL NUMBER; Species; Yunnan_Province; Yunnan, China
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1998 data points
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  • 6
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    (Appendix 2) Coexistence Approach calculation of Late Miocene Xianfeng palaeoflora, Yunnan (China) (2012)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Keywords: Precipitation, annual mean, maximum; Precipitation, annual mean, minimum; Precipitation, warmest month, maximum; Precipitation, warmest month, minimum; Precipitation of the driest month maximum; Precipitation of the driest month minimum; Precipitation of the wettest month maximum; Precipitation of the wettest month minimum; Species; Taxon/taxa; Temperature, annual mean, maximum; Temperature, annual mean, minimum; Temperature, coldest month, maximum; Temperature, coldest month, minimum; Temperature, warmest month, maximum; Temperature, warmest month, minimum; Yunnan_Province; Yunnan, China
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 528 data points
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  • 7
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    Late Miocene palaeoclimate of Lincang (China) (2011)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Keywords: Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Climate-Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP) (Wolfe, 1993); Coexistence Approach (Mosbrugger, V & Utescher, T, 1997); Enthalpy; Epoch; Formation; Growing season length; Humidity, relative; Humidity, specific; Lincang; NECLIME; NECLIME_campaign; Neogene Climate Evolution in Eurasia; Paleontological sampling; PALSAMP; Precipitation, annual mean, maximum; Precipitation, annual mean, minimum; Precipitation, growing season; Precipitation, monthly mean growing season; Precipitation, warmest month, maximum; Precipitation, warmest month, minimum; Precipitation of 3 consecutive driest months per year; Precipitation of 3 consecutive wettest months per year; Precipitation of the driest month maximum; Precipitation of the driest month minimum; Precipitation of the wettest month maximum; Precipitation of the wettest month minimum; Sample comment; Taxa analyzed; Temperature, annual mean; Temperature, annual mean, maximum; Temperature, annual mean, minimum; Temperature, coldest month; Temperature, coldest month, maximum; Temperature, coldest month, minimum; Temperature, warmest month; Temperature, warmest month, maximum; Temperature, warmest month, minimum; Yunnan, China
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 37 data points
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  • 8
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    (Table 1) Late Miocene macroflora of Lincang (China) (2011)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Keywords: Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Albizia sp.; Aphanamixis sp.; Berchemia sp.; Betula mioluminifera; Bumelia pseudolycioides; Calocedrus lantenoisi; Capparis sp.; Castanopsis sp.; Celtis miobungeana; Chrysophyllum sp.; Cinnamomum naitoanum; Cinnamomum scheuchzeri; Cinnamomum sp.; Cyclobalanopsis mandraliscae; Cyclobalanopsis sp.; Dalbergia prehupeana; Desmodium sp.; Engelhardia sp.; Epoch; Ficus sp.; Formation; Fossil determination; Gleditsia miosinensis; Glyptostrobus europaeus; Helicteres sp.; Hydrangea lanceolimba; Ilex sp.; Koelreuteria sp.; Lincang; Lithocarpus reniifolius; Lithocarpus sp.; Litsea grabaui; Loranthus palaeoeuropaeus; Lumnitzera sp.; Maackia sp.; Milletia sp.; Mucuna sp.; Murraya sp.; NECLIME; NECLIME_campaign; Neocinnamomum sp.; Neogene Climate Evolution in Eurasia; Ormosia sp.; Paleontological sampling; PALSAMP; Photinia sp.; Piper sp.; Pistacia miochinensis; Pittosporum sp.; Populus glandulifera; Quercus latifolia; Quercus simulata; Quercus sp.; Reevesia sp.; Rhus sp.; Schisandra sp.; Schoepfia sp.; Sediment type; Shuteria sp.; Smilax grandifolia; Sorbus sp.; Stranvaesia sp.; Styrax sp.; Syzygium sp.; Terminalia sp.; Ternstroemia maekawai; Tetragonia sp.; Toona bienensis; Toxicodendron sp.; Viburnum sp.; Yunnan, China; Zanthoxylum sp.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 66 data points
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  • 9
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    Leaf physiognomic character scores of Late Miocene palaeoflora of Lincang (China) (2011)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-17
    Keywords: Climate-Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program (CLAMP) (Wolfe, 1993); Fossil determination; Leaf apex acute; Leaf apex attenuate; Leaf apex emarginate; Leaf apex round; Leaf base acute; Leaf base cordate; Leaf base round; Leaf length/width ratio 〈 1:1; Leaf length/width ratio 〉 4:1; Leaf length/width ratio 1-2:1; Leaf length/width ratio 2-3:1; Leaf length/width ratio 3-4:1; Leaf lobed; Leaf margin entire (no teeth); Leaf margin teeth acute; Leaf margin teeth close; Leaf margin teeth compound; Leaf margin teeth regular; Leaf margin teeth round; Leaf shape ellipitic; Leaf shape obovate; Leaf shape ovate; Leaf size leptophyll 1, 5-20 mm**2; Leaf size leptophyll 2, 20-80 mm**2; Leaf size mesophyll 1, 3600-6200 mm**2; Leaf size mesophyll 2, 6200-10000 mm**2; Leaf size mesophyll 3, 〉 10000 mm**2; Leaf size microphyll 1, 80-400 mm**2; Leaf size microphyll 2, 400-1400 mm**2; Leaf size microphyll 3, 1400-3600 mm**2; Leaf size nanophyll, 〈 5 mm**2; Lincang; NECLIME; NECLIME_campaign; Neogene Climate Evolution in Eurasia; ORDINAL NUMBER; Paleontological sampling; PALSAMP; Species; Yunnan, China
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2016 data points
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    4-(4-Hydroxybenzylideneamino)-4H-1,2,4-triazole hemihydrate (2000)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. 242-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In the title compound, 4-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yliminomethyl)phenol hemihydrate, C9H8N4O·0.5H2O or (I)·0.5H2O, molecules of (I) are arranged as layers running along the b axis through intermolecular O—H...N and C—H...O hydrogen bonds. These layers are stabilized by hydrogen-bonded water molecules to form three-dimensional networks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270199014572
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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