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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Four-helical-bundle structure of the cytoplasmic domain of a serine chemotaxis receptor (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 400 (1999), S. 787-792 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The bacterial chemotaxis receptors are transmembrane receptors with a simple signalling pathway which has elements relevant to the general understanding of signal recognition and transduction across membranes, how signals are relayed between molecules in a pathway, and how adaptation to a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/23512
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression, purification and preliminary X-ray analysis of a fibrillarin homolog from Methanococcus jannaschii, a hyperthermophile (1999)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 338-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Fibrillarin plays a central role in ribosome biogenesis as a ribosomal RNA-processing protein. A Methanococcus jannaschii homolog of fibrillarin has been overexpressed, purified and crystallized. Crystals belong to the C2 space group with unit-cell parameters a = 121.4, b = 43.2, c = 55.3 Å, β = 96.9°. Under flash-frozen conditions and using synchrotron radiation, the crystals diffract to 1.8 Å resolution. For structural determination, a selenomethionine derivative of the protein has also been crystallized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444998007513
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of serum on the growth of balb 3T3 A31 mouse fibroblasts and an SV40-transformed derivative (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 88 (1976), S. 277-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The effect of serum on the growth properties of non-transformed Balb 3T3 A31 and SV40-transformed Balb 3T3 A31 was studied. The concentration of serum in the growth medium of non-transformed cells had little effect on the initial population doubling time, but did regulate the cell density at which the population became quiescent in G1. The doubling time of transformed cells, however, was increased significantly as the concentration of serum was decreased below 4%. This effect on the growth of transformed cells was seen at serum concentrations so low that non-transformed cells did not complete one population doubling. Flow microfluorometric analysis of these populations indicated that the primary effect of different serum concentrations on the non-transformed cells was to modulate the average residence time in G1; whereas, all the cell cycle phases of the transformed cells were affected by serum. At saturation densities, the non-transformed cells became quiescent in G1, but the transformed cells still traversed the cell cycle and their saturation density appeared to be a balance between cell production and cell death occurring primarily in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040880303
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cationic polymerization of formaldehyde in liquid carbon dioxide. Part IThis paper was first presented at the 15th Annual Meeting of the Society of Polymer Science, Japan, held in Nagoya in May, 1966. (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 425-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A cationic polymerization of formaldehyde which gave a high molecular weight polymer was studied in liquid carbon dioxide at 20-50°C. In the polymerization without any catalyst both the rate of polymerization and the molecular weight of the resulting polymer increased rapidly with a decrease in the loading density of the monomer solution to the reaction vessel, and also increased with an increase in the initial monomer concentration. From these results it was concluded that the initiating species could be ascribed to an impurity contained in the monomer solution. Both the rate of polymerization and the degree of polymerization of the polymer also increased with rising temperature. The carboxylic acid added acted as a catalyst in the polymerization because of increase in the polymer yield, the molecular weight of polymer formed, and the number of moles of polymer chain with increasing dissociation constant of acid used. It was concluded that the polymerization in liquid carbon dioxide proceeded by a cationic mechanism. Methyl formate had no influence on the polymerization, but methanol and water acted as a chain-transfer agent.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150060212
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cationic polymerization of formaldehyde in liquid carbon dioxide. Part II: A kinetic study of the polymerizationFirst presented at the 15th Annual Meeting of the Society of Polymer Science, Japan, held in Nagoya, May 1966. (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 435-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetic behavior on the polymerization of formaldehyde with and without acidic catalyst, in liquid carbon dioxide, in the temperature range of 30 to 50°C. was investigated. In the polymerization without catalyst both the polymer yield and the degree of polymerization increased with reaction time and also with rising temperature. With acidic catalyst, such as acetic acid and dichloroacetic acid, both the polymer yield and the degree of polymerization increased more than that in the polymerization without catalyst. The overall rate of polymerization with and without acidic catalyst was expressed by the first-order rate equation with respect to monomer concentration. From the results it was concluded that the polymerizations belonged to a type of successive polymerization with rapid initiation and no termination. The rate constant and the activation energy of each elementary process of polymerization were estimated on the basis of the results.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150060213
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    γ-ray-induced copolymerization of carbon monoxide with cyclic hydrocarbonsPresented at the 8th Japan Conference on Radioisotopes, Tokyo, 1967. (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 2793-2803 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The γ-ray-induced copolymerization of carbon monoxide with saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane, cyclohexene, 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene, and cyclopentadiene was studied at 30°C. Resinous or powdery polymers were obtained in the copolymerization. The results of elementary analysis, infrared spectra, and NMR spectra showed that copolymers containing ketone and ring structures were produced. The copolymers were confirmed to be partially crystalline by the x-ray diffraction diagram. Further, the influence of the addition of ethylenimine on the copolymerization of carbon monoxide with cyclohexane or cyclohexene was examined. A powdery polymer formed in the copolymerization was concluded to be a terpolymer of carbon monoxide with cyclic hydrocarbon and ethylenimine. On the basis of the experimental results, a mechanism of the copolymerization is proposed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150071004
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    γ-Ray-induced copolymerization of carbon monoxide with cyclic ethers (1969)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 7 (1969), S. 183-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The γ-ray copolymerization of carbon monoxide with cyclic ethers, such as ethylene oxide, phenyl glycidyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, 2-vinyl-1,3-dioxolane, terahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, and acetaldehyde was studied. A yellowish or brownish powdery copolymer was obtained in most of the cases examined. The infrared spectra showed that copolymers containing the ester structural unit were produced in the copolymerization with cyclic ethers which have no vinyl groups, and that a copolymer containing a ketone structure was produced from cyclic ether having vinyl group. It was found that the copolymer with ethylene oxide also had a β-propiolactone ring structure at the chain end or the side chain. The copolymers were confirmed to be partially crystalline from the x-ray diffraction diagrams. Further, a ring-opening polymerizability of the cyclic ether by γ-radiation was discussed. And it was found that as the bond dissociation energy between the carbon-oxygen linkage of the cyclic ether is small, the polymer yield both in the homopolymerization and copolymerization with carbon monoxide is high. A mechanism for the copolymerization is proposed on the basis of the results.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1969.150070116
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternating copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide with aziridines (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 9 (1971), S. 13-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide with aziridines such as ethylenimine, propylenimine, and N-ethylethylenimine was studied in various organic solvents. The copolymerizations occurred easily without the addition of any catalyst and gave white powdery crystalline copolymers. The copolymers produced were insoluble in many organic solvents, but soluble in p-chlorophenol and dimethyl sulfoxide. The elementary analyses and the infrared spectra showed that alternating copolymers which have a thiourethane structure were produced. In the copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide with ethylenimine, both the polymer yield and the molecular weight of the resulting polymer increased with the use of a solvent having a higher dielectric constant, and also with an increase in the ratio of carbonyl sulfide to imine in the feed. The rate of copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide with aziridines was in the order of ethylenimine 〉 propylenimine 〉 and N-ethylethylenimine. Irradiation of the copolymers improved their thermal properties and increased their melting point.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1971.150090102
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of γ-ray polymerization of formaldehyde in the presence of carbon dioxidePaper presented at the 6th Meeting of the Japan Atomic Industrial Forum, Tokyo, 1964. (1967)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 5 (1967), S. 2825-2834 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A kinetic study of the γ-ray polymerization of formaldehyde in toluene solution in the presence of carbon dioxide was carried out at temperatures of + 13 to -17°C. Two modes of the polymerization, spontaneous and γ-ray polymerization, occur in this system. The γ-ray polymerization, experimentally separated from the spontaneous polymerization, was investigated. The rate of γ-ray polymerization increased slightly with the square root of carbon dioxide concentration. The rate of polymerization was also found to be proportional to the dose rate and the square of monomer concentration. The molecular weight of polymer formed was independent of the reaction condition. The apparent activation energy was estimated to be 10.3 kcal./mole. The kinetics of the γ-ray polymerization in the presence of carbon dioxide are explained quantitatively by a cationic mechanism, and the role of carbon dioxide is as an action of retardation for neutralization of the cationic initiating species, which was produced by γ-radiation, by means of a reverse reaction with an electron. Physical and mechanical properties of the polymer obtained by γ-ray polymerization were also investigated.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1967.150051110
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative copolymerization of aziridines and carbon monoxide by γ-ray irradiation (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 4 (1966), S. 293-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The copolymerization of carbon monoxide and aziridines such as ethylenimine and propylenimine was carried out by γ-ray irradiation. Aziridines and carbon monoxide were allowed to copolymerize under γ-ray irradiation from a Co60 source and gave a crystalline solid copolymer. The yield of the copolymer increased with reaction temperature. The composition of copolymers obtained did not depend on the feed ratio of monomers and was found to be almost equimolar. The copolymer of ethylenimine and carbon monoxide melted at about 322-335°C. with decomposition and has an infrared spectrum identical with that of poly-β-alanine obtained by the hydrogen-migration polymerization of acrylamide. The hydrolyzed product of the ethylenimine-carbon monoxide copolymer was confirmed to be β-alanine by paper chromatography. These results lead to the conclusion that the copolymerization of aziridines and carbon monoxide took place alternatively by γ-ray irradiation, and produced crystalline poly-β-alanines.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1966.150040204
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