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  • 1
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    Seismic monitoring of the Indian Ocean tsunami (2005)
    In:  Geophys. Res. Lett., Taipei, 3-4, vol. 32, no. 15, pp. 389-402, pp. L15308, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005
    Keywords: Tsunami(s) ; Earthquake ; Seismology ; Seismic networks ; Banda ; Aceh ; Indonesia ; GRL ; 4564 ; Oceanography: ; Physical: ; Tsunamis ; and ; storm ; surges ; 7299 ; Seismology: ; General ; or ; miscellaneous
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    The S receiver functions: synthetics and data example (2006)
    In:  Geophysical Journal International, Taipei, 3-4, vol. 165, no. 2, pp. 555-564, pp. L15308, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006
    Keywords: Receiver functions ; Shear waves ; Synthetic seismograms ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Modelling ; reflectivity ; method, ; Shear waves ; receiver ; function, ; ScS, ; SKS ; Seismology ; synthetic ; seismogram ; GJI
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Velocity structure beneath the Southern Puna Plateau: Evidence for delamination (2013)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2013-09-08
    Description: The high elevation of the Southern Puna Plateau, the widespread melting of its crust, the gap in intermediate depth seismicity and the recent eruptions of ignimbrite complexes can be explained by delamination of the lithospheric mantle beneath it. To test this hypothesis, an array consisting of 73 broad band and short period seismic stations was deployed in the region for a period of two years starting in 2007. We inverted the data using the two plane wave approach and obtained 1D and 3D Rayleigh wave phase velocities. Our dispersion curve shows that at short periods (〈70 s) the phase velocities are slightly higher than those of the Tibetan plateau and lower than those of the Anatolian plateau. At periods of 100-140 s we observe a low velocity zone that might be remnant hot asthenosphere below a flat slab (7-10 Ma). We estimate the average continental lithosphere thickness for the region to be between 100 and 130 km. Our three dimensional Rayleigh wave phase velocities show a high velocity anomaly at low frequencies (0.007, 0.008 and 0.009 Hz) slightly to the north of Cerro Galan. This would be consistent with the hypothesis of delamination in which a piece of lithosphere has detached and caused upwelling of hot asthenosphere which in turn caused widespread alkaline-collision related volcanism. This interpretation is also corroborated by our shear wave velocity model where a high velocity anomaly beneath the northern edge of Cerro Galan at 130 km depth is interpreted as the delaminated block on top of the subducting Nazca slab.
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-2027
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 4
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    Crustal thickness and Vp/Vs ratio in NW Namibia from receiver functions: evidence for magmatic underplating due to mantle-plume – crust interaction. (2015)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-26
    Description: A seismological network was operated at the junction of the aseismic Walvis Ridge with the northwestern Namibian coast. We mapped crustal thickness and bulk Vp/Vs ratio by the H-k analysis of receiver functions. In the Damara Belt the crustal thickness is ~35 km with a Vp/Vs ratio of 〈1.75. The crust is ~30 km thick at the coast in the Kaoko Belt. Strong variations in crustal thickness and Vp/Vs ratios are found at the landfall of the Walvis Ridge. Here and at ~150 km northeast of the coast, the crustal thickness increases dramatically reaching 44 km and the Vp/Vs ratios are extremely high (~1.89). These anomalies are interpreted as magmatic underplating produced by the mantle-plume during the breakup of Gondwana. The area affected by the plume is smaller than 300 km in diameter, possibly ruling out the existence of a large plume head under the continent during the breakup.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 5
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    Depth-variant azimuthal anisotropy in Tibet revealed by surface wave tomography (2015)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2015-05-19
    Description: Azimuthal anisotropy derived from multi-mode Rayleigh wave tomography in China exhibits depth-dependent variations in Tibet, which can be explained as induced by the Cenozoic India-Eurasian collision. In west Tibet, the E-W fast polarization direction at depths 〈100 km is consistent with the accumulated shear strain in the Tibetan lithosphere, whereas the N-S fast direction at greater depths is aligned with Indian plate motion. In northeast Tibet, depth-consistent NW-SE directions imply coupled deformation throughout the whole lithosphere, possibly also involving the underlying asthenosphere. Significant anisotropy at depths of 225 km in southeast Tibet reflects sublithospheric deformation induced by northward and eastward lithospheric subduction beneath the Himalaya and Burma, respectively. The multi-layer anisotropic surface wave model can explain some features of SKS splitting measurements in Tibet, with differences probably attributable to the limited backazimuthal coverage of most SKS studies in Tibet and the limited horizontal resolution of the surface wave results.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 6
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    Spectral interference of terahertz pulses from two laser filaments in air (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-06-04
    Description: Spectral interference is experimentally demonstrated by two terahertz pulses emitting from filaments induced by two successive femtosecond laser pulses in air. Here, a leading pulse is set to be weaker than a trailing pulse and their temporal separation is larger than the pulse duration of the terahertz pulses. When the leading pulse is stronger than the trailing pulse, the frequency modulation within the whole terahertz envelope is greatly deteriorated due to nonlinear effects applying on the trailing pulse through the plasmas generated by the leading pulses. Such unique terahertz spectrum may find applications in terahertz spectroscopy.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 7
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    Receiver function images of the base of the lithosphere in the Alboran Sea region (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-10-06
    Description: SUMMARY We analyse data from seismic stations surrounding the Alboran Sea between Spain and North Africa to constrain variations of the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB) in the region. The technique used is the receiver function technique, which uses  S -to- P  converted teleseismic waves at the LAB below the seismic stations. We confirm previous data suggesting a shallow (60–90 km) LAB beneath the Iberian Peninsula and we observe a similarly shallow LAB beneath the Alboran Sea where the lithosphere becomes progressively thinner towards the east. A deeper LAB (90–100 km) is observed beneath the Betics, the south of Portugal and Morocco. The structure of the LAB in the entire region does not seem to show any indication of subduction related features. We also observe good  P  receiver function signals from the seismic discontinuities at 410 and 660 km depth which do not indicate any upper-mantle anomaly beneath the entire region. This is in agreement with the sparse seismic activity in the mantle transition zone suggesting the presence of only weak and regionally confined anomalies.
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 8
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    A ubiquitous low velocity layer at the base of the mantle transition zone (2014)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-19
    Description: [1]  Global stacks of receiver functions clearly exhibit the upper mantle stratification. Besides the most prominent seismic discontinuities, such as the Moho and the 410 and 660 km discontinuities, a negative discontinuity is detected at a depth of ~600 km, indicating a low velocity layer at the base of the mantle transition zone. The slant slack technique helps to identify the primary conversions from the multiple reverberations. Presence of the negative 600 km discontinuity underneath both continent and ocean island stations, where the crustal thickness significantly differs, also precludes the possible cause of crustal reverberations. We conclude that the negative 600 km discontinuity could be a global feature, possibly resulted from accumulation of ancient subducted oceanic crust. The X-discontinuity at ~300 km depth is also observed in our global stacks, which can be explained by the coesite-stishovite phase transformation.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
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    Single-shot measurement of 〉1010 pulse contrast for ultra-high peak-power lasers (2014)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-23
    Description: Real-time pulse-contrast observation with a high dynamic range is a prerequisite to tackle the contrast challenge in ultra-high peak-power lasers. However, the commonly used delay-scanning cross-correlator (DSCC) can only provide the time-consumed measurements for repetitive lasers. Single-shot cross-correlator (SSCC) becomes essential in optimizing laser systems and exploring contrast mechanisms. Here we report our progress in developing SSCC towards its practical use. By integrating both the techniques of scattering-noise reduction and sensitive parallel detection into SSCC, we demonstrate a high dynamic range of 〉1010, which, to our best knowledge, is the first demonstration of an SSCC with a dynamic range comparable to that of commercial DSCCs. The comparison of high-dynamic measurement performances between SSCC and a standard DSCC (Sequoia, Amplitude Technologies) is also carried out on a 200 TW Ti:sapphire laser, and the consistency of results verifies the veracity of our SSCC. Scientific Reports 4 doi: 10.1038/srep03818
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 10
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    Delamination of southern Puna lithosphere revealed by body wave attenuation tomography (2013)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-28
    Description: [1]  The southern Puna Plateau has been proposed to result from a major Pliocene delamination event that has previously been inferred from geochemical, geological and some preliminary geophysical data. 75 seismic stations were deployed across the southern Puna Plateau in 2007-2009 by scientists from the USA, Germany, Chile and Argentina to test the delamination model for the region. The PUNA passive seismic stations were located between 25-28°S. Using the seismic waveform data collected from the PUNA experiment, we employ attenuation tomography methods to resolve both compressional and shear quality factors (Qp and Qs, respectively) in the crust and uppermost mantle. The images clearly show a high Q Nazca slab subducting eastward beneath the Puna plateau and another high Q block with a westward dip beneath the Eastern Cordillera. We suggest that the latter is a piece of delaminated South American lithosphere. A significant low Q zone lies between the Nazca slab and the South American lithosphere, and extends southward from the northern margin of the seismic array at 25°S before vanishing around 27.5°S. This low Q zone extends further west in the crust and uppermost mantle at the southern end of the seismic array. The low Q zone reaches ~100 km depth beneath the northern part of the array, but only ~50 km depth in the south. Lateral variations of the low Q zone reflect the possible mechanism conversion between mantle upwelling related to delamination and dehydration. The depth of the Nazca slab as defined by Q images decreases from north to south beneath the plateau, which is consistent with the steep-flat transition of the angle of the subducting slab as defined by previous earthquake studies.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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