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  • 1
    Publication Date: 1990-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0007-4861
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0800
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1933-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0003-021X
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-9331
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1924-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0003-021X
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-9331
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Computational Physics 65 (1986), S. 244-250 
    ISSN: 0021-9991
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Computer Science , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 44 (1990), S. 158-164 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 4 (1970), S. 136-136 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 7 (1971), S. 114-132 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoporosis ; Sodium-deficiency ; Histology ; Autoradiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Ce travail étudie les effets d'une carence en sodium sur le squelette chez le Rat en croissance. Il a été effectué sur 3 groupes de Rats: groupe carencé, groupe témoin sous-nutri et groupe témoin normal. L'étude macroradiographique et microradiographique des tibias révèle que la carence en sodium provoque en 8 semaines une diminution de la longueur, un amincissement de l'espace métaphyso-épiphysaire et l'apparition d'une ostéopénie. Cette ostéopénie prédomine sur la métaphyse par rapport à la diaphyse. Au niveau de celle-ci, le rapport cortico-diaphysaire est diminué. Ce changement est essentiellement dû à l'amincissement de l'os cortical par sa face périphérique. Le marquage par la tétracycline confirme cette atteinte prédominante de l'apposition périostée. L'étude histologique et l'étude autoradiographique suggèrent que cette ostéopénie résulte d'un important ralentissement de l'ostéogénèse et de l'activité globale du tissu osseux. L'analyse chimique révèle des changements minimes de la composition des fémurs. La teneur en cendres est légèrement abaissée. La rapport Ca/P est légèrement augmenté. Les rapports Ca/N et P/N sont diminués. Le rapport Na/Ca est augmenté. Les mécanismes possibles de cette atteinte squelettique sont envisagés: sous-nutrition, effet acidifiant du régime, trouble de l'absorption intestinale du calcium, retentissement surrénal et conséquences cellulaires de la carence en sodium. En conclusion, dans le déterminisme de l'atteinte osseuse semblent devoir être retenus: a) l'inanition dûe à l'anorexie provoquée par le régime désodé, b) und effet squelettique propre de la carence en sodium, le trouble de l'absorption intestinale du calcium ne paraissant pas jouer un rôle déclenchant.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluß eines Natriummangels auf das Skelet der noch wachsenden Ratte beobachtet. Die Studie betrifft drei Gruppen von Ratten: eine mit Natriummangel, eine normal ernährte und eine unterernährte Kontrollgruppe. Die makro- und mikroradiographische Untersuchung der Tibiae nach 8wöchigem Natriummangel zeigt eine Verkürzung, eine Verringerung des metaphyso-epiphysären Intervalls und eine Osteopenie, die in der Metaphyse merkbarer als in der Diaphyse ist. Das corticodiaphysische Verhältnis ist herabgesetzt, und zwar verjüngt sich der Knochencortex peripherisch. Mit markiertem Tetracyclin wird bewiesen, daß vorwiegend die periphere Knochenbildung betroffen ist. Die histologische und autoradiographische Untersuchung erlaubt die Annahme, daß diese Osteopenie auf stark verlangsamte Knochenbildung und gesamte metabolische Tätigkeit des Knochengewebes zurückzuführen ist. Die chemische Analyse weist unerhebliche Änderungen der Zusammensetzung der Femora auf. Der Aschengehalt ist leicht vermindert. In den Epiphysen ist Ca/P leicht erhöht. Ca/N und P/N sind herabgesetzt. Na/Ca ist wenig verändert. Die möglichen Mechanismen dieser Skeletveränderungen werden erörtert: Unterernährung, diätbedingte Säurebildung, Störung der intestinalen Calciumabsorption, Nebennieren-beeinflussung und Zellstoffwechselveränderungen durch Natriummangel. Zusammenfassend scheint hauptsächlich die Unterernährung eine Rolle zu spielen. Dazu kommen die direkten Folgen des Natriummangels auf den intestinalen Zucker- und Aminosäurentransport.
    Notes: Abstract The effects of sodium deficiency on the skeleton were studied in growing rats assigned to 3 groups: sodium deficient group, pair-fed controls, normal controls. Macroradiographic and microradiographic examinations and measurements of the tibia demonstrated that sodium deficiency after 8 weeks resulted in shorter bones, thinner cartilage and osteopenia. This osteopenia was greater in metaphysis than in diaphysis. However the cortico-diaphyseal ratio decreased, resulting from cortical bone thinning by the periosteal side. Histologic and autoradiographic examinations suggested that this osteopenia resulted from a marked slowing down of osteogenesis and total bone turnover. The mineral composition of the femur was little changed. The ash rate, Ca/N and P/N ratios decreased slightly. The Ca/P ratio increased slightly. The Na/Ca ratio increased also. The following possible mechanisms of skeletal damage were considered: undernutrition, acidifying effect of diet, fall of calcium intestinal absorption, adrenal and cellular changes resulting from the sodium deficiency. In conclusion, the bone lesions appear to be caused by undernutrition and in addition by a skeletal effect specifically due to sodium deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calvarium ; Phosphatase ; Aluminum ; Vitamin D3 metabolites ; Parathyroid hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The present study was undertaken to test the in vitro action of aluminum on bone phosphatase activities and the possible interaction of this metal with parathyroid hormone (bPTH) or vitamin D3 dihydroxymetabolites [1,25- and 24,25(OH)2D3). Three-day-old rat calvaria were incubated for 24 h with one of the following: bPTH at 5×10−8M, 1,25-or 24,25(OH)2D3 at 2.5×10−9M, Al at concentrations ranging from 3×10−11M to 6×10−6M, or their corresponding solvents. Al effects were also investigated when the medium phosphate or calcium concentrations were modified. In some experiments, Al was added simultaneously with bPTH or one of the vitamin D3 metabolites at the beginning of the 24 h incubation. At the end of all incubations, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were measured in bone cytoplasmic extract. The results show that: (a) When compared to the value found in half calvaria incubated in a control medium, the bone acid and alkaline phosphatase content is significantly higher in paired halves incubated with Al (3×10−11M to 1.5×10−6M) as well as with bPTH, 1,25-, or 24,25(OH)2D3 and sharply decreased with higher Al concentrations (6×10−6M). (b) The Al effect on phosphatase activities is modified in a free phosphate or a free calcium medium. (c) The presence of Al at 1.5×10−6M or 6×10−6M significantly decreases the bPTH or 1,25(OH)2D3-induced stimulation of bone phosphatase activities. (d) A similar interaction could not be found between Al and 24,25-(OH)2D3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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