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  • 1
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    The ratio of specific heats for postshock plasmas of a detached bow shock: An MHD model (1974)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 1974-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 2
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    Model ‘zero-age’ lunar thermal profiles resulting from electrical induction (1977)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-05-10
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 3
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    Interplanetary field and plasma during initial phase of geomagnetic storms. (1975)
    Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975-01-01
    Description: Twenty-three geomagnetic storm events during 1966-70 have been studied by using simultaneous interplanetary magnetic field and plasma parameters. Explorer 33 and 35 field and plasma data have been analyzed on large-scale (hourly) and small-scale (3min) during the time interval coincident with the initial phase of the geomagnetic storms. The solar-ecliptic Bz component turns southward at the end of the initial phase, thus triggering the main phase decrease in Dst geomagnetic field. When the Bz is already negative, its value continues to remain negative. The By component also shows large fluctuations along with Bz. On the small-scale behavior of the magnetic field and electric field (E=-V×B) studied in details for the three events, it is found that the field fluctuations in By, Bz and Ey and Ez are present in the initial phase. These fluctuations associated with the passage of the shock waves, continue to exist during the initial phase. In the large-scale behavior field remains quiet because the small-scale variations are averaged out. The power spectrum analysis for few events using 5.11 sec data shows the steepening of the spectrum after the passage of the shock wave associated with the ssc. It appears that large as well as small time-scale fluctuations in the interplanetary field and plasma may play a role in altering the internal electromagnetic state of the magnetosphere so that a ring current could start causing a geomagnetic storm decrease. © 1975, Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0022-1392
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Society of Geomagnetism and Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences
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  • 4
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    A new source of lunar electromagnetic induction: Forcing by the diamagnetic cavity (1977)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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  • 5
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    Interplanetary field and plasma during initial phase of geomagnetic storms (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A study has been conducted of a large number of geomagnetic storms occurring during the period from 1966 to 1970. Questions of data selection are discussed and the large-scale interplanetary magnetic field during the initial phase is examined. Small-scale interplanetary fields during the initial phase are also considered, taking into account important features of small-scale variations in the interplanetary field and plasma for three storms. Details concerning 23 geomagnetic storms and the interplanetary magnetic field are presented in a table. A study of the initial phase of these storms indicates that in most of these events, the solar-ecliptic Z component of the interplanetary magnetic field turns southward when the main phase decrease begins.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity; 27; 5, 19; 1975
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Model 'zero-age' lunar thermal profiles resulting from electrical induction (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Thermal profiles for the moon are calculated under the assumption that a pre-main-sequence T-Tauri-like solar wind excites both transverse magnetic and transverse electric induction while the moon is accreting. A substantial initial temperature rise occurs, possibly of sufficient magnitude to cause subsequent early extensive melting throughout the moon in conjunction with nominal long-lived radioactives. In these models, accretion is an unimportant direct source of thermal energy but is important because even small temperature rises from accretion cause significant changes in bulk electrical conductivity. Induction depends upon the radius of the moon, which we take to be accumulating while it is being heated electrically. The 'zero-age' profiles calculated in this paper are proposed as initial conditions for long-term thermal evolution of the moon.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 82; May 10
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    The ratio of specific heats for postshock plasmas of a detached bow shock - An MHD model (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The empirical relationship between the standoff distance of a detached bow shock (generated by the flow of a supersonic gas past an impenetrable obstacle), the size of the obstacle, the Mach number of the gas, and the ratio of specific heats has been generalized to include the magnetic field. The value of the ratio of specific heats (gamma-prime) in the postshock plasma has been calculated in terms of the preshock Alfvenic and sonic Mach numbers and orientation of the magnetic field. The empirical relationship is further generalized by taking into consideration the normal momentum and energy flux due to waves and/or turbulence and/or heat flow in association with high Mach number shocks. The computed value of gamma prime is substantially modified in comparison with that given by the MHD or the gas dynamic model. For this generalized model the computed gamma prime can be considered to be a more precise thermodynamic quantity, since the macroscopic parameters of the plasma have been separated out. Application of this empirical relationship to the earth's bow shock has been given.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 79; Dec. 1
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Interplanetary field and plasma during initial phase of geomagnetic storms (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Twenty-three geomagnetic storm events during 1966 to 1970 were studied by using simultaneous interplanetary magnetic field and plasma parameters. Explorer 33 and 35 field and plasma data were analyzed on large-scale (hourly) and small-scale (3 min.) during the time interval coincident with the initial phase of the geomagnetic storms. The solar-ecliptic Bz component turns southward at the end of the initial phase, thus triggering the main phase decrease in Dst geomagnetic field. The By component also shows large fluctuations along with Bz. When there are no clear changes in the Bz component, the By shows abrupt changes at the main phase onset. On the small-scale, behavior of the magnetic field and electric field were studied in detail for the three events; it is found that the field fluctuations in By, Bz and Ey and Ez are present in the initial phase. In the large-scale, the behavior field remains quiet because the small-scale variations are averaged out. It appears that large as well as small time scale fluctuations in the interplanetary field and plasma help to alter the internal electromagnetic state of the magnetosphere so that a ring current could causing a geomagnetic storm decrease.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-142859 , DU-4963-7515
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    A new source of lunar electromagnetic induction - Forcing by the diamagnetic cavity (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Analysis of the power spectral densities (PSD's) of eight 50-hour time series from Apollo 12 lunar surface magnetometer (LSM) and isochronous Explorer 35 Ames magnetometer data points to the existence of a new source of electromagnetic induction in the interior of the moon which is independent of the transverse electric mode. This source is hypothesized to arise from extension of the cavity diamagnetic field into the moon in analogy with the fringing field of a solenoid.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 4; Aug. 197
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    Automation of Shuttle Tile Inspection - Engineering methodology for Space Station (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Space Systems Integration and Operations Research Applications (SIORA) Program was initiated in late 1986 as a cooperative applications research effort between Stanford University, NASA Kennedy Space Center, and Lockheed Space Operations Company. One of the major initial SIORA tasks was the application of automation and robotics technology to all aspects of the Shuttle tile processing and inspection system. This effort has adopted a systems engineering approach consisting of an integrated set of rapid prototyping testbeds in which a government/university/industry team of users, technologists, and engineers test and evaluate new concepts and technologies within the operational world of Shuttle. These integrated testbeds include speech recognition and synthesis, laser imaging inspection systems, distributed Ada programming environments, distributed relational database architectures, distributed computer network architectures, multimedia workbenches, and human factors considerations.
    Keywords: GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE)
    Type: Space Station Automation III; Nov 02, 1987 - Nov 04, 1987; Cambridge, MA; United States
    Format: text
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