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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geotropism (1966)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Plant Physiology 17 (1966), S. 379-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4294
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.17.060166.002115
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The light induction of maize phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase translatable mRNA requires transcription but not translation (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 22 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We have previously demonstrated that the level of translatable mRNA for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase in maize leaves is increased in response to light (Hartwell et al. 1996; Plant Journal10, 1071–1078). To identify the steps required for this increase, we have examined the effects of protein and RNA synthesis inhibitors. The RNA synthesis inhibitors actinomycin D and cordycepin (500 μM) strongly inhibited the light-induced increases in kinase translatable mRNA and the apparent phosphorylation state of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, as judged by its sensitivity to inhibition by L-malate. The protein synthesis inhibitors cycloheximide and puromycin blocked the light-induced increase in the apparent phosphorylation state of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase but not the increase in kinase translatable mRNA. Indeed, the amount of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase translatable mRNA after 3 h of illumination of leaves treated with either 1 mM puromycin or 100 μM cycloheximide was double that in illuminated control leaves. Each inhibitor reduced the light-induction of two control genes, malic enzyme and pyruvate, phosphate dikinase. Thus the light induction of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase translatable mRNA requires RNA synthesis, but not protein synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00455.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Temperature-dependent Endogenous Rhythm in the Rate of Carbon Dioxide Output of Periplaneta americana (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 185 (1960), S. 481-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In a stream of air initially free from carbon dioxide (relative humidity 80-90 per cent), darkness and at 21 ± 0-1 C. the period of the rhylhm was 14-1 ± 0-8 min. (Fig. 1). On lowering the tenperature to 11 ± 0-1 C. carbon dioxide output ceased for 76 min. and then the rhythm ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/185481b0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of [14C]indole-3-acetic acid by the cortical and stelar tissues of Zea mays L. roots (1985)
    Springer
    Planta 164 (1985), S. 105-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin metabolism ; Cortex (root) ; Oxindole-3-acetic acid ; Root (auxin metabolism) ; Stele (root) ; Zea (auxin metabolism)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was used to analyse 14C-labelled metabolites of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) formed in the cortical and stelar tissues of Zea mays roots. After a 2-h incubation in [14C]IAA, stelar segments had metabolised between 1–6% of the methanol-extractable radioactivity compared with 91–92% by the cortical segments. The pattern of metabolites produced by cortical segments was similar to that produced by intact segments bathed in aqueous solutions of [14C]IAA. In contrast, when IAA was supplied in agar blocks to stelar tissue protruding from the basal ends of segments, negligible metabolism was evident. On the basis of its retention characteristics both before and after methylation, the major metabolite of [14C]IAA in Zea mays root segments was tentatively identified by high-performance liquid chromatography as oxindole-3-acetic acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391033
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistent circadian rhythms in the phosphorylation state of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from Bryophyllum fedtschenkoi leaves and in its sensitivity to inhibition by malate (1987)
    Springer
    Planta 170 (1987), S. 408-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Bryophyllum ; Circadian rhythm ; Crassulacean acid metabolism ; Malate inhibition ; Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase ; Phosphorylation (reversible)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.31; PEPCase) from Bryophyllum fedtschenkoi leaves has previously been shown to exist in two forms in vivo. During the night the enzyme is phosphorylated and relatively insensitive to feedback inhibition by malate whereas during the day the enzyme is dephosphorylated and more sensitive to inhibition by malate. These properties of PEPCase have now been investigated in leaves maintained under constant conditions of temperature and lighting. When leaves were maintained in continuous darkness and CO2-free air at 15°C, PEPCase exhibited a persistent circadian rhythm of interconversion between the two forms. There was a good correlation between periods during which the leaves were fixing respiratory CO2 and periods during which PEPCase was in the form normally observed at night. When leaves were maintained in continuous light and normal air at 15°C, starting at the end of a night or the end of a day, a circadian rhythm of net uptake of CO2 was observed. Only when these constant conditions were applied at the end of a day was a circadian rhythm of interconversions between the two forms of PEPCase observed and the rhythms of enzyme interconversion and CO2 uptake did not correlate in phase or period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395034
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gravity perception in decapped roots of Zea mays (1982)
    Springer
    Planta 155 (1982), S. 267-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Amyloplast ; Gravity perception ; Root cap ; Zea (geotropic responsiveness)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Time-lapse photography and light microscopy were used to determine whether or not sedimentation of the newly developed amyloplasts in the apex of Zea mays L. roots occurred at the time when geotropic responsiveness reappears following removal of the cap. All decapped roots exhibiting a geotropic response had some amyloplast sedimentation in the apical cortical cells. Exposing decapped roots to a centrifugal acceleration of 25 g for 4 h showed that amyloplasts of a similar size and development were not displaced within the cytoplasm when this treatment began 12 h after decapping, whereas displacement did occur when the treatment began 24 h after decapping. This finding indicates the occurrence of a change in the physical characteristics of the cytoplasm between 12 h and 24 h after removing of the cap, which allows amyloplast movement and thus restores gravity perception.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392726
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of temperature and IAA concentration on the latent period for IAA-induced rapid growth of Avena coleoptile segments (1973)
    Springer
    Planta 114 (1973), S. 323-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Indoleacetic acid buffered at pH 7.0 induces a high growth rate in Avena coleoptile segments after a latent period, the duration of which is dependent upon both IAA concentration and temperature. A minimum latent period of 7.3 min is observed at 25° C with 10-3 M IAA in phosphate buffer at pH 7.0. In contrast, 5×10-3 M IAA made up in 0.01 M KH2PO4 alone, promotes elongation almost immediately, regardless of whether the segments have been previously incubated in 0.01 M KH2PO4 at pH 4.7, or phosphate buffer at pH 7.0. This immediate response is unaffected by 10-4 M KCN which abolishes the rapid growth induced by 5×10-3 M IAA buffered at pH 7.0 but does not affect the immediate appearance of low-pH-induced growth. Since we consistently find solutions of 5×10-3 M IAA in 0.01 M KH2PO4 to have a pH of 3.5, our results indicate that the immediate growth response elicited by this solution is attributable to its low pH rather than to the presence of IAA as previously reported in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387945
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid-induced growth and the geotropic response of the wheat node (1973)
    Springer
    Planta 114 (1973), S. 331-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Growth is initiated in segments of the leaf sheath base of Triticum aestivum by gravitational stimulation and by incubation in buffer solutions of pH 3. Both responses involve only an increase in segment length, are rapidly terminated on removal of the stimulus, have a similar Q10 and are dependent upon cell turgor. They differ, however, in that the response to acid solutions is rapid and unaffected by anoxia. Acid-induced growth can be stopped and started repeatedly by changing the pH, an increase in pH from 3 to 5 or 7 being sufficient to terminate the response. The maximum growth induced by low pH is not increased by simultaneous stimulation by gravity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387946
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and localisation of auxin in primary roots of Zea mays by mass spectrometry (1973)
    Springer
    Planta 115 (1973), S. 189-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Roots of 3.5-day-old seedlings of Zea mays L. var. Giant White Horsetooth contain an extractable auxin which has been identified unequivocally as IAA. A mass spectrometric technique has been used to determine quantitatively the levels of IAA in the cortical, stelar and apical regions of the roots. The IAA is predominantly located in the steles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387784
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the action of abscisic acid on IAA-induced rapid growth of Avena coleoptile segments (1973)
    Springer
    Planta 114 (1973), S. 87-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A linear displacement transducer has been used to monitor the growth of a column of Avena coleoptile segments in flowing solution. IAA at 10-5M in phosphate buffer of pH7 promotes growth after a latent period of 10.9 min, the initial maximum growth rate occurring after 25 min. Simultaneous treatment with 10-5 M ABA does not affect either the latent period or the initial maximum growth rate in response to the IAA treatment, but subsequently gives rise to an inhibition of growth detectable after 30 min. In contrast, pretreatment with ABA for 100 min increases the duration of the latent period and reduces the initial maximum growth rate. Removal of the ABA rapidly relieves the inhibition of IAA-induced growth but a growth rate comparable to that of material treated only with IAA is never attained. Studies using 2-[14C]ABA and 1-[14C]IAA suggest that the latent period before ABA inhibition of growth is detectable is not due to a lag in ABA uptake, and that ABA is not acting by reducing IAA uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390287
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