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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 331 (1988), S. 130-130 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR—Theocharis and Psimopoulos may be more correct than the philosophers they criticize, but to imply that science deals with truth 100 per cent of the time will not restore it to its previous status of credibility. Science works very well, but in spite of error. It does, however, produce ...
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 371 (1994), S. 470-470 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Is it really true, as you say, that "the message about the dangers of AIDS is not getting through"1? Numerous studies, even among disadvantaged groups2'3, show that knowledge about transmission routes is very high, but there is a hard core of people familiar to clinicians (perhaps 35 per cent ...
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 249 (1974), S. 777-777 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR,-Lindner et al.x described the detection of small amounts of radioactive silver isotopes (108mAg and 11OmAg) in silver bars from an eastern European source. They suggested that the activity may have originated from any one of several causes: nuclear mining, that is, the breaking up of rock ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 159 (1992), S. 267-279 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract We give a new general method of separation of the title radionuclides, using ferric hydroxide precipitations, cation exchange chromatography followed by anion exchange for U, further cation exchange for Pa and direct elution for Th. Electrodeposition for all three elements is from sulfate medium. Yields for Pa, Th, Pa, U are mostly about 98%. Matrices analyzed include calcite, dolomite, phosphorite, sediments, organic material, and mineral fractions from rock.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 189 (1995), S. 115-125 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Dating rocks using226Ra/230Th isochrons demands radiochemical purification of radium and thorium. This paper presents an improved method. Rocks are solubilised by nitric/nydrofluoric digestion followed by dissolution of insoluble fluorides by boric/nitric acids, and Th is extracted by passing the 8M nitric solution through an anion column in nitrate form. The eluant contains Ra and Ba which are precipitated as sulphate and redissolved in alkaline EDTA. Complete separation of Ba and Ra from sulphate is on an AG 1×8 anion column in EDTA form, which was found better than the chloride form. The Ba+Ra is separated on an AG 50W×8 cation column, and uses CDTA as an eluant for Ba. Careful pH control is essential. Ra elutes later with EDTA or 4M HCl and is precipitated with 125 μg barium as sulphate to yield a source suitable for α-spectrometry, or further treated to electroplate the Ra. The yield tracers used are228Th and224Ra. Because the sample contains natural224Ra a correction must be applied, calculated from the amount of natural232Th in the Th spectrum. Th may be precipitated with 100 μg of ferric iron and gives a spectrometry-quality source, but further purification and electrodeposition was found to be preferable. Variations on the method for the case of analysis of calcium-rich fish otoliths are described.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 115 (1987), S. 23-37 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A new method of227Ac determination is based on total sample decomposition, followed by preconcentration as oxalate and hydroxides, and purification from thorium isotopes and rare earths on ion-exchange columns with nitric acid. The actinium is electroplated on stainless-steel discs with near 100% yield from a water/propanol medium and measured by alpha spectrometry.225Ac is used as a yield monitor. An immediate first count gives overall tracer recovery (typically around 80%). A second count two months later gives a sensitive measure of227Ac through its decay products at 5.5–6.1 MeV. Analysis of reference samples gave satisfactory results.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 161 (1992), S. 339-350 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract It proved possible to detect the precise location of large geological faults using the amount of40K and220Rn daughter gamma-rays and the amount of222Rn (measured in a scintillation chamber) which could be extracted from the soil using negative pressure. Both40K and228Th appear to be concentrated in fault gouge. The222Rn content extractable from the soil is a measure of permeability and is very low in the region of the fault due to clay-like fault gouge. The method was demonstrated successfully on the large Wellington fault at Upper Hutt, New Zealand.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 160 (1992), S. 477-485 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The electrodeposition of226Ra for α-spectrometry was reinvestigated to improve reproducibility and yield. Electrodeposition is from 20 ml of 90% propan-2-ol10% 0.05M HNO3 onto stainless steel disks, using 100 mA at 35 V for 20 minutes and a platinum anode. Half deposition time is 3–4 minutes. The following factors were found important: 1. Maintaining the same anode position. 2. Rotation of cathode. 3. Exclusion of sulphate. 4. Avoiding heating the HNO3/propan-2-ol plating solution. 5. Exclusion of solubilised resin resulting from passage through ion-exchange columns. 6. Maintaining other impurities at less than 10 μg. If these precautions are followed yields are greater than 90%.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 128 (1988), S. 189-194 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Evidence for the presence of111Ag in Chernobyl fallout at Monaco is given. This fission radionuclide has not been previously reported in Chernobyl fallout. Peak values were as high as 1.9 Bq m−3. Arguments are presented that the observed110mAg content in the fallout originated from volatilisation of silver neutron flux monitors in the reactor rather than production by other nuclear reactions.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 177 (1994), S. 51-72 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Samples of macro algae,Codium tomentosum (green),Corallina mediterranea (red),Sphaerococcus coronopifolius (red) andDictyota dichtoma (brown), were collected off Monaco during 1984 and 1988 and analyzed for gamma-emitting radionuclides and transuranium elements. Due to the Chernobyl accident, increased radioactivity in the atmosphere at Monaco was recorded on 30 April 1986 with maximal activity concentrations on 2–3 May. The maximal activity concentrations in sea water occurred on 5–6 May and in the algae on 11 May. The decrease of activity concentrations can be described after May 11 as a single exponential relationship, where elimination rates for different radionuclides and different species specific to the environment can be calculated. The elimination rates thus observed correspond to mean residence times between 70 and 370 days corrected for physical decay. The concentration factors were also estimated and the highest values were found for131I,129Tem, and 110 Agm and lowest for radiocaesium and140Ba. The red algaeSphaerococcus coronopifolius showed generally higher concentration factors than green and brown algae. Regarding transuranium elements, a theoretical contribution from the Chernobyl accident can be made but only242Cm was detected in the algae above previous levels before the accident, due to the relatively small fallout of transuranics.
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