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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CONCEPTUAL SCAFFOLDING: A SPATIALLY FOUNDED MEANING REPRESENTATION FOR METAPHOR COMPREHENSION (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Computational intelligence 8 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8640
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Once viewed as a rhetorical and superficial language phenomenon, metaphor is now recognized to serve a fundamental role in our conceptual structuring and language comprehension processes. In particular, it is argued that certain experiential metaphors based upon intuitions of spatial relations are inherent in the conceptual organization of our most abstract thoughts. In this paper we present a two-stage computational model of metaphor interpretation which employs a spatially founded semantics to broadly characterize the meaning carried by a metaphor in terms of a conceptual scaffolding, an interim meaning structure around which a fuller interpretation is fleshed out over time. We then present a semantics for the construction of conceptual scaffolding which is based upon core metaphors of collocation, containment and orientation. The goal of this scaffolding is to maintain the intended association of ideas even in contexts in which system knowledge is insufficient for a complete interpretation. This two-stage system of scaffolding and elaboration also models the common time lapse between initial metaphor comprehension and full metaphor appreciation. Several mechanisms for deriving elaborative inference from scaffolding structures, particularly in cases of novel or creative metaphor, are also presented. While the system developed in this paper has significant practical application, it also demonstrates that core spatial metaphors clearly play a central role in metaphor comprehension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8640.1992.tb00377.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Challenges of Cross-Modal Translation: English-to-Sign-Language Translation in the Zardoz System (1998)
    Springer
    Machine translation 13 (1998), S. 81-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0573
    Keywords: sign-language ; space ; gesture ; cross-modal translation ; metaphor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract The sign languages used by deaf communities around the world represent a linguistic challenge that natural-language researchers in AI have only recently begun to take up. This challenge is particularly relevant to research in Machine Translation (MT), as natural sign languages have evolved in deaf communities into efficient modes of gestural communication, which differ from English not only in modality but in grammatical structure, exploiting a higher dimensionality of spatial expression. In this paper we describe Zardoz, an on-going AI research system that tackles the cross-modal MT problem, translating English text into fluid sign language. The paper presents an architectural overview of Zardoz, describing its central blackboard organization, the nature of its interlingual representation, and the major components which interact through this blackboard both to analyze the verbal input and generate the corresponding gestural output in one of a number of sign variants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008014420317
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    CONCEPTUAL SCAFFOLDING: A SPATIALLY FOUNDED MEANING REPRESENTATION FOR METAPHOR COMPREHENSION (1992)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0824-7935
    Electronic ISSN: 1467-8640
    Topics: Computer Science
    Published by Wiley
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  • 4
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    Creative Action at a Distance: A Conceptual Framework for Embodied Performance With Robotic Actors (2021)
    Frontiers Media
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-30
    Description: Acting, stand-up and dancing are creative, embodied performances that nonetheless follow a script. Unless experimental or improvised, the performers draw their movements from much the same stock of embodied schemas. A slavish following of the script leaves no room for creativity, but active interpretation of the script does. It is the choices one makes, of words and actions, that make a performance creative. In this theory and hypothesis article, we present a framework for performance and interpretation within robotic storytelling. The performance framework is built upon movement theory, and defines a taxonomy of basic schematic movements and the most important gesture types. For the interpretation framework, we hypothesise that emotionally-grounded choices can inform acts of metaphor and blending, to elevate a scripted performance into a creative one. Theory and hypothesis are each grounded in empirical research, and aim to provide resources for other robotic studies of the creative use of movement and gestures.
    Electronic ISSN: 2296-9144
    Topics: Computer Science
    Published by Frontiers Media
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