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  • 1
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    Identification of the pollen self-incompatibility determinant in Papaver rhoeas (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-06-02
    Description: Higher plants produce seed through pollination, using specific interactions between pollen and pistil. Self-incompatibility is an important mechanism used in many species to prevent inbreeding; it is controlled by a multi-allelic S locus. 'Self' (incompatible) pollen is discriminated from 'non-self' (compatible) pollen by interaction of pollen and pistil S locus components, and is subsequently inhibited. In Papaver rhoeas, the pistil S locus product is a small protein that interacts with incompatible pollen, triggering a Ca(2+)-dependent signalling network, resulting in pollen inhibition and programmed cell death. Here we have cloned three alleles of a highly polymorphic pollen-expressed gene, PrpS (Papaver rhoeas pollen S), from Papaver and provide evidence that this encodes the pollen S locus determinant. PrpS is a single-copy gene linked to the pistil S gene (currently called S, but referred to hereafter as PrsS for Papaver rhoeas stigma S determinant). Sequence analysis indicates that PrsS and PrpS are equally ancient and probably co-evolved. PrpS encodes a novel approximately 20-kDa protein. Consistent with predictions that it is a transmembrane protein, PrpS is associated with the plasma membrane. We show that a predicted extracellular loop segment of PrpS interacts with PrsS and, using PrpS antisense oligonucleotides, we demonstrate that PrpS is involved in S-specific inhibition of incompatible pollen. Identification of PrpS represents a major advance in our understanding of the Papaver self-incompatibility system. As a novel cell-cell recognition determinant it contributes to the available information concerning the origins and evolution of cell-cell recognition systems involved in discrimination between self and non-self, which also include histocompatibility systems in primitive chordates and vertebrates.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2699350/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2699350/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wheeler, Michael J -- de Graaf, Barend H J -- Hadjiosif, Natalie -- Perry, Ruth M -- Poulter, Natalie S -- Osman, Kim -- Vatovec, Sabina -- Harper, Andrea -- Franklin, F Christopher H -- Franklin-Tong, Vernonica E -- BB/C501325/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jun 18;459(7249):992-5. doi: 10.1038/nature08027. Epub 2009 May 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19483678" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; Genetic Linkage ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Papaver/*physiology ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/genetics/metabolism ; Pollen/cytology/*physiology ; Pollination/physiology ; Reproduction/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    The Papaver rhoeas S determinants confer self-incompatibility to Arabidopsis thaliana in planta (2015)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-07
    Description: Self-incompatibility (SI) is a major genetically controlled system used to prevent inbreeding in higher plants. S determinants regulate allele-specific rejection of "self" pollen by the pistil. SI is an important model system for cell-to-cell recognition and signaling and could be potentially useful for first-generation (F1) hybrid breeding. To date, the transfer of S determinants has used the complementation of orthologs to "restore" SI in close relatives. We expressed the Papaver rhoeas S determinants PrsS and PrpS in Arabidopsis thaliana. This enabled pistils to reject pollen expressing cognate PrpS. Moreover, plants coexpressing cognate PrpS and PrsS exhibit robust SI. This demonstrates that PrsS and PrpS are sufficient for a functional synthetic S locus in vivo. This transfer of novel S determinants into a highly divergent species (〉140 million years apart) with no orthologs suggests their potential utility in crop production.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, Zongcheng -- Eaves, Deborah J -- Sanchez-Moran, Eugenio -- Franklin, F Christopher H -- Franklin-Tong, Vernonica E -- BB/C501325/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Nov 6;350(6261):684-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2983.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26542572" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics/*physiology ; Crops, Agricultural/genetics/physiology ; Flowers/genetics/physiology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Hybridization, Genetic/genetics/*physiology ; Inbreeding ; Papaver/genetics/*physiology ; Plant Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Pollen/genetics/physiology ; Pollination/genetics/physiology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Self-Incompatibility in Flowering Plants/genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Corrigendum: Identification of the pollen self-incompatibility determinant in Papaver rhoeas (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-04
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wheeler, Michael J -- de Graaf, Barend H J -- Hadjiosif, Natalie -- Perry, Ruth M -- Poulter, Natalie S -- Osman, Kim -- Vatovec, Sabina -- Harper, Andrea -- Christopher, F -- Franklin, H -- Franklin-Tong, Vernonica E -- England -- Nature. 2016 Mar 3;531(7592):126. doi: 10.1038/nature16181. Epub 2015 Dec 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26633625" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-incompatibility in Papaver rhoeas: there is no evidence for the involvement of stigmatic ribonuclease activity (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 14 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Ribonuclease assays have revealed, in contrast to the self-incompatibility (SI) system of Nicotiana alata, there is no detectable ribonuclease activity that correlates with the presence of the functional stigmatic S-gene product in Papaver rhoeas. Thus, we have shown that the inhibition of incompatible pollen tube growth in P. rhoeas is not associated with ribonuclease activity. Furthermore, the finding that pollen from P. rhoeas, unlike that from N. alata, is insensitive to purified bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A at very high concentrations, suggests that the involvement of ribonucleases in the inhibition reaction of the SI response in P. rhoeas is unlikely. In addition, the level of ribonuclease activity in mature stigmas of P. rhoeas is very much lower than that in N. alata and significantly, the level of ribonuclease activity did not rise in conjunction with the developmental expression of SI. Therefore, as a result of these studies, we believe that SI in P. rhoeas does not involve ribonuclease activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1991.tb00952.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium signaling in plants (1999)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 55 (1999), S. 214-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Cytosolic calcium; signaling; Ca2+ imaging; angiosperms.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Changes in the cytosolic concentration of calcium ions ([Ca2+]i) play a key second messenger role in signal transduction. These changes are visualized by making use of either Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent dyes or the Ca2+-sensitive photoprotein, aequorin. Here we describe the advances made over the last 10 years or so, which have conclusively demonstrated a second messenger role for [Ca2+]i in a few model plant systems. Characteristic changes in [Ca2+]i have been seen to precede the responses of plant cells and whole plants to physiological stimuli. This has had a major impact on our understanding of cell signaling in plants. The next challenge will be to establish how the Ca2+ signals are encrypted and decoded in order to provide specificity, and we discuss the current understanding of how this may be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000180050286
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Second-messenger-induced signalling events in pollen tubes of Papaver rhoeas (1997)
    Springer
    Experimental biology online 2 (1997), S. 1-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1430-3418
    Keywords: Ca2+ ; Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate ; Papaver rhoeas L. ; Pollen ; Second messengers ; Signal transduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A role for cytosolic free Ca2+ (Ca2+i) in the regulation of growth of Papaver rhoeas pollen tubes during the self-incompatibility response has recently been demonstrated [Franklin-Tong et al. Plant J. 4:163–177 (1993); Franklin-Tong et al. Plant J. 8:299–307 (1995); Franklin-Tong et al. submitted to Plant J.]. We have investigated the possibility that Ca2+i is more generally involved in the regulation of pollen tube growth using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data obtained using Ca2+ imaging, in conjunction with photolytic release of caged inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [Ins(1,4,5)P3], point to a central role of the phosphoinositide signal transduction pathway in the control of Ca2+ fluxes and control of pollen tube growth. These experiments further revealed that increases in cytosolic levels of Ins(1,4,5)P3 resulted in the formation of distinct Ca2+ waves. Experiments using the pharmacological agents heparin, neomycin and mastoparan further indicated that Ca2+ waves are propagated, at least in part, by Ins(1,4,5)P3-induced Ca2+ release rather than by simple diffusion or by “classic” Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release mechanisms. We also have data which suggest that Ca2+ waves and oscillations may be induced by photolytic release of caged Ca2+. Ratio-imaging has enabled us to identify an apical oscillating Ca2+ gradient in growing pollen tubes, which may regulate normal pollen tube growth. We also present evidence for the involvement of Ca2+ waves in mediating the self-incompatibility response. Our data suggest that changes in Ca2+i and alterations in growth rate/patterns are likely to be closely correlated and may be causally linked to events such as Ca2+-induced, or Ins(1,4,5)P3-induced wave formation and apical Ca2+ oscillations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00898-997-0010-y
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular analysis of two functional homologues of the S 3 allele of the Papaver rhoeas self-incompatibility gene isolated from different populations (1996)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 30 (1996), S. 983-994 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: self-incompatibility ; Papaver rhoeas ; S gene ; homologous alleles ; recombinant S protein ; pollen inhibition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The S 3 allele of the S gene has been cloned from Papaver rhoeas cv. Shirley. The sequence predicts a hydrophilic protein of 14.0 kDa, showing 55.8% identity with the previously cloned S 1 allele, preceded by an 18 amino acid signal sequence. Expression of the S 3 coding region in Escherichia coli produced a form of the protein, denoted S3e, which specifically inhibited S3 pollen in an in vitro bioassay. The recombinant protein was ca. 0.8 kDa larger than the native stigmatic form, indicating post-translational modifications in planta, as was previously suggested for the S1 protein. In contrast to other S proteins identified to date, S3 protein does not appear to be glycosylated. Of particular significance is the finding that despite exhibiting a high degree of sequence polymorphism, secondary structure predictions indicate that the S1 and S3 proteins may adopt a virtually identical conformation. Sequence analysis also indicates that the P. rhoeas S alleles share some limited homology with the SLG and SRK genes from Brassica oleracea. Previously, cross-classification of different populations of P. rhoeas had revealed a number of functionally identical alleles. Probing of western blots of stigma proteins from plants derived from a wild Spanish population which contained an allele functionally identical to the Shirley S 3 allele with antiserum raised to S3e, revealed a protein (S 3 s) which was indistinguishable in pI and M r from that in the Shirley population. A cDNA encoding S 3 s was isolated, nucleotide sequencing revealing a coding region with 99.4% homology with the Shirley-derived clone at the DNA level, and 100% homology at the amino acid level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020809
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The intracellular events triggered by the self-incompatibility response inPapaver rhoeas (1999)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 208 (1999), S. 99-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Papaver rhoeas ; Self-incompatibility ; Calcium ; Signal transduction ; Cell-cell recognition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In recent years self-incompatibility (SI) has come to be recognised as an important model system for studying cell-cell interactions and signalling in flowering plants. In this article we discuss the intracellular events associated with the SI response in the field poppy,Papaver rhoeas. The SI response inP. rhoeas is known to involve a Ca2+-based signalling pathway, activated following molecular interactions on the surface of incompatible pollen tubes. Evidence demonstrates that, following a transient increase in the concentration of cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+];) initiated by the SI response, phosphorylation of certain cytosolic proteins occurs, followed by activation of pollen gene expression. The magnitude of this transient Ca2+ wave and the localisation of cytosolic [Ca2+]i following the SI response are discussed. We also describe the character of the proteins specifically phosphorylated in the SI response and the nature of the protein kinases involved in their phosphorylation. Finally, we consider the possibility that the end result of the SI response inP. rhoeas may be analogous to programmed-cell-death mechanisms such as those seen in developmental processes and defence responses in various plant cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279079
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular basis of the incompatibility mechanism in Papaver rhoeas L. (1992)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 11 (1992), S. 5-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: Papaver ; self-incompatibility ; pollen gene expression ; ribonuclease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In this study we have begun to dissect the molecular mechanism of the self-incompatibility reaction of Papaver rhoeas. In order to gain an insight into the cellular activities, which lead to the inhibition of pollen tube growth following a self-incompatible response, we have been studying the effects of various metabolic inhibitors on pollen-stigmatic extract interactions in vitro. The results indicate that both transcription and glycosylation are required for the full inhibition of pollen tube growth during an incompatible response in P. rhoeas. The ability of actinomycin D to alleviate an incompatible reaction suggests that during the response pollen gene expression is induced; we have evidence that this is indeed the case and have identified novel proteins produced in the pollen which are associated with the incompatibility response. These findings give a clear indication that de novo transcription of pollen genes which are specific to this response, play an important role in the inhibition of pollen tube growth in this species. This provides a significant step towards the elucidation of the mechanism whereby pollen tube growth is arrested following an incompatible reaction in this species. Ribonuclease assays have revealed that, in contrast to the S-linked glycoprotein of Nicotiana alata, there is no detectable ribonuclease activity that correlates with the presence of the functional stigmatic S-gene product in P. rhoeas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024426
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  • 10
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    Temporal and spatial activation of caspase-like enzymes induced by self-incompatibility in Papaver pollen (2007)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-11-07
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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