Publication Date:
2020-08-25
Description:
The Early Twentieth Century Warming (ETCW) defined as the period 1921–50 saw a clear increase in actinometrical observations in the Arctic. Nevertheless, information on radiation balance and its components at that time is still very limited in availability, and therefore large discrepancies exist among estimates of total solar irradiance forcing. To eliminate these uncertainties, all available solar radiation data for the Arctic needs to be collected and processed. Better knowledge about incoming solar radiation (direct, diffuse and global) should allow for more reliable estimation of the magnitude of total solar irradiance forcing, which can help in turn, to more precisely and correctly explain the reasons for the ETCW in the Arctic. The paper summarises our research into the availability of solar radiation data for the Arctic. An important part of this work is its detailed inventory of data series (including metadata) for the period before the mid-20th century. Based on the most reliable data series, general solar conditions in the Arctic during the ETCW are described. The character of solar radiation changes between the ETCW and present times, in particular after 2000, is also analyzed. Average annual global solar radiation in the Russian Arctic during the ETCW were slightly greater than in the period 1964–90 (by about 1–2 W·m˗2), and markedly greater than in the period 2001–19 (by about 16 W·m˗2). Our results also reveal that in the period 1920–2019 three phases of solar radiation changes can be distinguished: a brightening phase (1921–50), a stabilisation phase (1951–93) and a dimming phase (after 2000).
Print ISSN:
0894-8755
Electronic ISSN:
1520-0442
Topics:
Geography
,
Geosciences
,
Physics
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