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A new model for impregnation mechanisms in different GF/PP commingled yarns (1994)

Klinkmüller, V. ; Um, M. -K. ; Steffens, M. ; [et al.]

Springer

Applied composite materials 1 (1994), S. 351-371

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ISSN: 1573-4897

Keywords: commingled yarn ; impregnation ; consolidation ; thermoplastics ; processing ; permeability ; mechanical testing ; mathematical modelling ; compression moulding ; glass fibre bed

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: Abstract Impregnation mechanisms of different kinds of GF/PP commingled yarns have been studied. As the reinforcing fibres were always the same, a global description has been worked out. Two different mathematical approaches for fibre bed permeability (Kozeny-Carman and Gutowski) were compared. The constants of the applied mathematical models have to stay the same if the fibre reeinforcement and the fibre arrangement is the same. Neither the kind of matrix, nor the fibre volume content may change these constants. Differences in the degree of impregnation after the same process conditions can be only due to different sizes of fibre agglomerations, thus the initial distribution of reinforcing fibres and matrix. For an exact determination of impregnation times and conditions the exact distribution of fibres in the intermediate material and after processing has to be known. This distribution is determined by SEM microscopy and data given from the material supplier. The importance of different process parameters, such as temperature, pressure, processing time is weighted by determining the density and mechanical properties of the specimens.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00568041

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Effect of pressure on the impregnation of thermoplastic resin into a unidirectional fiber bundle (1989)

Kim, T. W. ; Jun, E. J. ; Um, M. K. ; [et al.]

Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell

Advances in Polymer Technology 9 (1989), S. 275-279

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ISSN: 0730-6679

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: Impregnation of molten thermoplastic resin into continuous unidirectional fiber tows was investigated. The degree of impregnation is defined as the ratio between the number of impregnated fibers and the total number of fibers of a tow. The degree of impregnation was modeled as a function of time, impregnation pressure, impregnation temperature, and tow size, assuming that the radial inward flow of resin through the fiber tow is governed by Darcy's law. The effect of the impregnation pressure on the permeability was studied. Experiments were performed to evaluate the validity of the model. Toray T300 graphite fiber bundles and Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) resin were used. Pressure and temperature were applied to fiber tows surrounded with resin powder in a mold. After a predetermined time, the sample was taken out and the degree of impregnation was measured from the microphotographs of the cross sections of samples. Experiments were performed for different impregnation conditions such as impregnation time, pressure, temperature, and tow size. Good agreement was found between the model and the experimental data.

Additional Material: 7 Ill.