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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Economic affairs 24 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-0270
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Railway privatisation has been a mixture of success and failure. Increasing passenger numbers and improvements in rolling stock have been offset by failures in infrastructure maintenance, service quality and most notably cost management. These outcomes can be attributed to the suboptimal structure of the privatised industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Journal of management studies 42 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-6486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: abstract  This paper considers pathways of organizational change within British Rail (BR) during its long period of commercialization culminating in privatization. The Laughlin (1991) and Parker (1995a) frameworks are used to demonstrate how a new interpretative scheme supplanted the previous interpretative scheme within BR between the 1970s and privatization in the mid-1990s, leading to a fragmented organization. BR did not survive and privatization of Britain's railways remains controversial. The study demonstrates that without the earlier changes in interpretive scheme from ‘social railway’ to ‘business railway’ to ‘profitable business’, and the associated changes in design archetypes and sub-systems, privatization would have been both less tempting and less feasible. It is intended that the approach developed here to analyse organizational change in BR should be applicable to the study of other privatizations and to other forms of organizational change in both the public and private sectors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of small business & enterprise development 11 (2004), S. 302-314 
    ISSN: 1462-6004
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper surveys the population of independent breweries in the UK to ascertain their Web site usage and accessibility via the Internet. It finds independent breweries have tended to lag similarly sized business in other sectors in the provision or abandonment of company Web sites. Most of their Web sites have intuitively easy URLs and are readily accessible via brewery directories, but are less accessible via popular search engines. Most are corporate Web sites rather than marketing or selling tools. The paper concludes with a discussion of business and policy implications for small businesses and the Internet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of small business & enterprise development 8 (2001), S. 311-337 
    ISSN: 1462-6004
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Both the Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA) and the Society of Independent Brewers (SIBA) argue that barriers to market access in the UK brewing industry disadvantage small brewers. They have been actively campaigning for a number of years for a tax concession (progressive beer duty or PBD) to alleviate the situation of small brewers. This paper argues that the disadvantages faced by small brewers are due to a complex monopsony in the beer industry, where the power of the distribution segment of the value chain is paramount. It outlines a model of the structure of the UK beer industry, and undertakes two types of empirical analysis to test the potential impact of PBD on the small brewery sector. The paper finds that control over distribution is the key to profitability and survival in the beer industry, and that small brewers with such control are most likely to benefit from PBD. The findings, however, also have relevance to the position of any small business facing a powerful distribution segment. Finally, for the issue of policy development, the paper indicates that the potential outcomes of a policy change may not be entirely those intended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    International journal of manpower 22 (2001), S. 526-543 
    ISSN: 0143-7720
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Characteristic successes of Germany's social market economy include both stability and productivity growth, yet mass unemployment indicates the need for reform. The conventional reform agenda emphasises Germany's restrictive labour market. However, many targets for reform are elements of an institutional system in the labour market that promotes Germany's culture of consensus. A model is outlined that synthesises insights from X-efficiency and business strategy theory to highlight the positive effects of consensus on business performance. The model together with accompanying empirical data suggests that Germany's consensus culture not only gives rise to negative outcomes associated with labour market inflexibility - in particular, sluggish employment growth - but also helps firms to generate innovation, productivity growth and sustainable competitive advantage. This implies the need for a renewed "social contract", in which consensus not only generates productivity growth but also sustains a corporatist bias towards employment. Finally, a corporatist reform process consistent with Germany's cultural and institutional environment is likely to be more effective than top-down liberalisation in accelerating job creation while maintaining cultural sources of global competitiveness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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