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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characterization of a naphthoquinonediazide positive photoresist derived from bis(hydroxymethyl)phenol (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 229 (1995), S. 63-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Eine neuartige lichtempfindliche Naphthochinondiazid-Verbindung (NQD) wurde aus 2,6-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dimethylphenol und Toluoldiisocyanat synthetisiert und mit IR-, NMR- und Elementaranalyse identifiziert. Die Bleicheigenschaften unter Lichteinwirkung wurden mit UV-Spektrophotometrie bestimmt. Die Anwendung von NQD in der Photolithographie als positiver Photoresist sowie einer wäßrigen Lösung von NQD, Novolak, Cellosolve-Acetat und DMF als lichtempfindliches Material wurde untersucht. Das hergestellte NQD erwies sich als effektive Komponente in positiven Photoresists. Die optimalen Bedingungen der UV-Dosis, Schichtdicke und Resistzusammensetzung wurden abgeschätzt. Die Auflösung des positiven Photoresists wurde durch Rasterelektronenmikroskopie bestimmt. Außerdem wurde der Einfluß von UV-Dosis und -Wellenlänge, Einwirkungsdauer und Entwicklungszeit auf die Empfindlichkeit und die Auflösung des Photoresists untersucht.
    Notes: A new photosensitive naphthoquinonediazide (NQD) was synthesized from 2,6-bis-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dimethylphenol and toluene diisocyante. NQD was identified by using IR, NMR and elemental analyses. Photobleachable characteristics were evaluated by UV spectrophotometry. Applications of the NQD on the photolithography as a positive working photoresist were investigated. The aqueous solution of NQD, novolak, cellosolve acetate, and DMF was used as a photosensitive material. It was found that NQD synthesized in this investigation can be used as an effective component in a positive photoresist. Optimal conditions of the UV dose, coating thickness, and development of the resist system were estimated. Resolution of the positive resist was evaluated by SEM technique. Effects of UV dose, exposure time, development time, and exposure UV wave length on the sensitivity and resolution of the photoresist were investigated.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1995.052290104
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and characteristics of chiral polymers with camphanediolSystematic name: 2,3-Bornandiol. moieties (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 231 (1995), S. 35-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Optisch aktives exo,exo-2,3-Camphandiol (CPO) wurde aus (+)-Campher synthetisiert und mit Toluol-2,4-diisocyanat (TDI) und Isophorondiisocyanat (IPDI) zu den entsprechenden chiralen Polymeren Poly(CPO-co-TDI) und Poly(CPO-co-IPDI) polymerisiert. Der Einfluß von Lösungsmitteln, Reaktionszeit und -temperatur auf die Polymerisation wurde untersucht. Um die Konformation der chiralen Polymeren zu bestimmen, wurden zwei den Polymeren ähnliche Modellverbindungen hergestellt: exo,exo-2,3-Bornylen-N,N′-diphenyldicarbamat und exo,exo-2,3-Bornylen-N,N′-dipropyldicarbamat. Die chiroptischen Eigenschaften und die Stereochemie der chiralen Polymeren wurden mittels Zirkulardichroismus-Spektrometrie untersucht. Der Einfluß von Temperatur und Lösungsmitteln auf die spezifische Rotation der chiralen Polymeren wurde ebenfalls ermittelt. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, daß die chiralen Polymeren nicht in einer einhändigen Helixkonformation auftreten.
    Notes: Optically active exo,exo-2,3-camphanediol (CPO) was synthesized from (+)-camphor. The chiral polymers poly(CPO-co-TDI) and poly(CPO-co-IPDI) were synthesized by step polymerization of chiral compound CPO with toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). Effects of solvents, reaction time and temperature on the polymerization were investigated. To investigate the stereo structure of the chiral polymers, two kinds of model compounds, exo-exo-2,3-bornylene N,N′-diphenyldicarbamate and exo,exo-2,3-bornylene N,N′-dipropyldicarbamate, related to the prepared polymers were synthesized. Chiroptical characteristics and stereo structures of the chiral polymers were investigated by using a circular dichroic spectrometer. Effects of temperature and solvents on the specific rotation of the chiral polymers were evaluated. The results obtained in this investigation suggest that the synthesized chiral polymers have no one-handed helix conformation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1995.052310104
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of chiral polymers having camphanediol moieties and their applications on the optical resolution of some racemates (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 58 (1995), S. 1713-1720 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Optically active exo-exo-2,3-camphanediol (CPO) (3) was synthesized from (+)-camphor. Chiral polymers poly(CPO-co-TDI) (6) and poly(CPO-co-IPDI) (7) were synthesized by the step polymerization of chiral compound CPO (3) with toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). To investigate the stereo structure of the chiral polymers, two kinds of model compounds, exo-exo-2,3-di[(phenylamido)oxy]camphane (4) and exo-exo-2,3-di[(propylamido)oxy]camphane (5), related to polymers (6) and (7) were synthesized. Chiroptical characteristics and stereo structures of the chiral polymers were investigated using a circular dichroic spectrometer. The results obtained in this investigation suggest that the chiral polymers (6) and (7) have no one-handed helix conformation. The optical resolution ability as chiral adsorbent for HPLC of the chiral polymers was investigated. It was found that chiral polymers (6) and (7) are effective for the optical resolution of some racemates. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070581008
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and polymerization of 3-oxobornyl methacrylate (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 1211-1216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The new chiral monomer 3-oxobornyl methacrylate (OBMA) was synthesized from (+)-camphor. Homopolymerization of OBMA and copolymerization of OBMA with styrene were carried out in benzene in the presence of AIBN. The effect of concentration, solvent, temperature, and reaction time on the copolymerization were investigated. It was found that the absolute value of the specific rotation of poly(OBMA-co-St) increased by increasing the OBMA unit content. A small deviation from linearity was observed, which suggests that asymmetry is not introduced into the copolymer main chain. Temperature and solvent effects on the specific rotation of the chiral polymers were investigated. The results suggest that chiral polymers contain no helix conformation. Inspecting the spectra of optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism, we found that the chiral polymers exhibit a strong negative Cotton Effect around 310 nm. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical resolution ability of chiral polymers having camphanediol moieties (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 40 (1996), S. 219-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: camphone diol ; chiral polymers ; circular dichroic spectrometry ; optical resolution ability ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Optically active exo-exo-2,3-camphanediol (CPO) (3) was synthesized from (+)-camphor. Chiral polymers poly(CPO-co-TDI) (6) and poly(CPO-co-IPDI) (7) were synthesized by the step polymerization of chiral compound CPO (3) with toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). To investigate the stereo structure of the chiral polymers, two kinds of model compound exo-exo-2,3-di[(phenylamido)oxy]camphane (4) and exo-exo-2,3-di[(propylamido)oxy]camphane (5) related to polymers (6) and (7) were synthesized. Chiroptical characteristics and stereo structures of the chiral polymers were investigated by using circular dichroic spectrometry. The results obtained in this investigation suggest that the chiral polymers (6) and (7) do not have onehanded helix conformation. Optical resolution ability as chiral adsorbent for high-performance liquid chromatography of the chiral polymers was investigated. It was found that chiral polymers (6) and (7) are effective for the optical resolution of some racemates.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
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    Properties of sol–gel SnO2/TiO2 electrodes and their photoelectrocatalytic activities under UV and visible light illumination (2009)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0013-4686
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3859
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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