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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antigen-induced blastogenesis of salmon, Salmo saluv L., head kidney leucocytes to modified Aeromonas salmonicida antigens: a preliminary evaluation method for potential vaccine antigens (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 36 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Various Aeromonas salmonicida antigen preparations were tested in an antigen-induced blasto-genesis assay on the kidney leucocytes of Atlantic salmon. The ECP antigens that had been particularized onto polystyrene beads were the most effective in control fish, and this was further enhanced in fish thymectomized 1 week prior to the assay. The use of this assay for screening potential vaccine antigens is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1990.tb04327.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of the primary and secondary antibody response in intact and thymectomized rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, to human gamma globulin and Aeromonas salmonicida (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 31 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The antibody response to human gamma globulin (HGG) and Aeromonas salmonicida (AS) in control and long-term thymectomized rainbow trout was individually monitored in 120 fish. The fish responded poorly to HGG and no memory response was observed. There was no difference in response between control fish and fish which had been thymectomized for 5 months before immunization. However, 9-month thymectomized fish had lower titres than controls. The response to AS was vigorous and significant memory was demonstrated after a second injection. There was no difference in response between control and thymectomized fish. The individual variation in response was not related to body size, antigen dose, sex or reproductive state. The results are discussed in terms of the thymus dependency or independency of antigens in fish, and the role and life span of T cell subsets, such as ‘helper’ and ‘;suppressor’ cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1987.tb05224.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing the uptake of 14C-labelled Vibrio anguillarum vaccine in direct immersion experiments with rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 22 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The factors influencing the uptake of a 14C-labelled Vibrio anguillarum vaccine in direct immersion experiments with rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri were studied. Immersion times of longer than 10 s did not increase vaccine uptake. A pre-immersion dip in a hyperosmotic solution had no effect on uptake, even at lower vaccine bath concentrations. It appeared that the head end of the fish was implicated in uptake. Vaccine uptake decreased at lower temperatures, whereas the use of an adjuvanted vaccine and a soluble vaccine preparation led to increased uptake. Larger fish took up more vaccine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1983.tb04218.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The tissue localization of Aeromonas salmonicida in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, following three methods of administration (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 25 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The localization of a live, and a formalized vaccine preparation of Aeromonas salmonicida within the tissues of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, was followed over a 5 day period. When presented by intraperitoneal injection, both the live bacteria and the vaccine localized in the spleen, liver, kidney and gut. When presented orally, the bacteria and the vaccine were confined almost exclusively to the gut region. Direct immersion resulted in low detectable levels within the tissues, with the spleen and kidney localizing the Aeromonas after its initial attachment to the outer surfaces of the fish.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1984.tb04854.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cryopreservation of fish thymocytes and its potential application for immunological reconstitution experiments (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 33 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Fish thymocytes were cryopreserved by two methods, a programmed freezing method by a direct control system and a mechanical freezing method. There was no loss of viability or ability to respond to Concanavalin A compared to control thymocytes, up to 5 months after cryopreservation, and no difference between the two methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1988.tb05541.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the surface properties of seven strains of a fish pathogen, Aeromonas salmonicida (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 27 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Several physical properties related to the surface characteristics of autoaggregating and non-autoaggregating strains of Aeromonas salmonicida have been investigated. Properties examined included resistance to the bactericidal action of trout serum, adhesion to fish leucocytes and fish cell monolayers in vitro, resistance to phagocytosis by fish leucocytes and the in vivo localization following intraperitoneal injection. For each strain the presence or absence of an extracellular protein A-layer was investigated and the pathogenicity for brook trout determined.Presumptive A-layer protein, in the form of a 49 kdal subunit, could be detected only in one of the strains examined. This strain autoaggregated and was the most resistant to serum bactericidal activity. Complement activation by the alternative pathway was thought to be responsible for this heat-labile bactericidal activity. Three strains that autoaggregated and three that did not had no detectable A-layer. Autoaggregating strains appeared more adhesive to both fish cell types but all strains were phagocytosed by fish leucocytes to a similar degree. An autoaggregating strain was localized in the spleen. The seven strains were only moderately pathogenic for brook trout, possibly as a result of the challenge system. In view of this, no property investigated could be correlated with greatly increased virulence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb03192.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ontogeny of drinking in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 36 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Drinking was measured by the rate of uptake of tritiated dextran in fresh water by the alevins and fry of rainbow trout at various stages of development during a 40-day post-hatch period. Drinking increased almost S-fold during the initial 16 day yolk-sac stage. Drinking rate increased most between 16 and 23 days, the transitional period between yolk-sac absorption and first feeding. The maximum weight-specific drinkingrateof 3.24μlg−1 h−1 recorded for 40-day-old fry was higher than previously recorded for adults. Abrupt transfer from an adaptation temperature of 10 to 19° C increased drinking significantly (Q10= 1.2), but sudden transfer to 1 1‰ salinity sea water caused a substantial fall in drinking rate in 23-day fry. A 24-h period of adaptation to 1 1‰ and 15‰ salinity restored drinking to a rate similar to that in fresh water. The water drunk by 31-day fry fed to satiation was initially higher than by unfed fry, but drinking rates subsequently fell below the control level. The results are discussed in terms of osmoregulation and the uptake of dissolved or suspended substances by the intestinal tract for the purpose of immunization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1990.tb05634.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of immune assays with protection in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, immersed in Vibrio bacterins (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 2 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: One hundred kg of Rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, weighing 80–100g each were immersed in a formalized, bivalent vaccine of Vibrio anguiliárum (VA) and Vibrio ordalii (VO), at a1/10 dilution for 30s at 10°C. The protection levels achieved at 8 and 10 weeks post vaccination were assessed by intraperitoneal challenge with 105 live V. anguillarnm or V. ordalii. No decline in protection due to antigen depletion was found between batches throughout the procedure. The protection conferred by one component of the vaccine was slightly better than the other (80% against VO and 42 % against VA). A number of measures of immunity were monitored before and after challenge. These included serum and mucus antibody litres, bactericidal effects of serum and mucus and phagocytosis by peritoneal exudate cells. Serum antibody was present (peak litre of-log2 3.25 for VO, and 4.4 for VA) but had declined to background levels by the time of challenge, whereas bactericidal effects and phagocytosis rate of 40% were not increased by vaccination. The most likely immune mechanism responsible for the observed protection was discussed and suggested to be a cellular mechanism where serum antibody acts as an opsonin to increase phagocytosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1986.tb00440.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence that superficial branchial colonies on the gills of Salmo salar L. are not Aeromonas salmonicida (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 12 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The indirect immunoperoxidase technique (IPT) was used to examine specific superficial colonies of organisms observed on the gills of salmonids. The evidence obtained suggested that the superficial colonies were not a form of Aeromonas salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis. Application of the IPT to bacterial smears and previously stained histological sections from a case of furunculosis, confirmed the sensitivity of the technique and suggested the presence of common antigens between A. salmonicida and members of the Vibrionaceae, Pseudomonaceae and Enterobacteriaceae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1989.tb00556.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vaccination of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, at low temperatures and the long-term persistence of protection (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 5 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1982.tb00490.x
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