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  • 1
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    Localization of long-term memory within the Drosophila mushroom body (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-11-03
    Description: The mushroom bodies, substructures of the Drosophila brain, are involved in olfactory learning and short-term memory, but their role in long-term memory is unknown. Here we show that the alpha-lobes-absent (ala) mutant lacks either the two vertical lobes of the mushroom body or two of the three median lobes which contain branches of vertical lobe neurons. This unique phenotype allows analysis of mushroom body function. Long-term memory required the presence of the vertical lobes but not the median lobes. Short-term memory was normal in flies without either vertical lobes or the two median lobes studied.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pascual, A -- Preat, T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Nov 2;294(5544):1115-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Developpement, Evolution, Plasticite du Systeme Nerveux, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11691997" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Axons/physiology ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Dendrites/physiology ; Drosophila/genetics/*physiology ; Electroshock ; Genes, Insect ; Memory/*physiology ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Mushroom Bodies/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Mutation ; Neurons, Efferent/physiology ; Odors ; Phenotype
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Tequila, a neurotrypsin ortholog, regulates long-term memory formation in Drosophila (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-08-12
    Description: Mutations in the human neurotrypsin gene are associated with autosomal recessive mental retardation. To further understand the pathophysiological consequences of the lack of this serine protease, we studied Tequila (Teq), the Drosophila neurotrypsin ortholog, using associative memory as a behavioral readout. We found that teq inactivation resulted in a long-term memory (LTM)-specific defect. After LTM conditioning of wild-type flies, teq expression transiently increased in the mushroom bodies. Moreover, specific inhibition of teq expression in adult mushroom bodies resulted in a reversible LTM defect. Hence, the Teq pathway is essential for information processing in Drosophila.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Didelot, Gerard -- Molinari, Florence -- Tchenio, Paul -- Comas, Daniel -- Milhiet, Elodie -- Munnich, Arnold -- Colleaux, Laurence -- Preat, Thomas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 11;313(5788):851-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genes et Dynamique des Systemes de Memoire, UMR CNRS 7637, Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, 10 Rue Vauquelin 75005 Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16902143" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Animals, Genetically Modified ; Conditioning, Classical ; Drosophila Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics/*physiology ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Learning ; *Memory ; Mifepristone/pharmacology ; Models, Animal ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mushroom Bodies/anatomy & histology/physiology ; Mutation ; Odors ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Serine Endopeptidases/chemistry/genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    To favor survival under food shortage, the brain disables costly memory (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-26
    Description: The brain regulates energy homeostasis in the organism. Under resource shortage, the brain takes priority over peripheral organs for energy supply. But can the brain also down-regulate its own consumption to favor survival? We show that the brain of Drosophila specifically disables the costly formation of aversive long-term memory (LTM) upon starvation, a physiological state required for appetitive LTM formation. At the neural circuit level, the slow oscillations normally triggered in two pairs of dopaminergic neurons to enable aversive LTM formation were abolished in starved flies. Transient artificial activation of these neurons during training restored LTM formation in starved flies but at the price of a reduced survival. LTM formation is thus subject to adaptive plasticity that helps survival under food shortage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Placais, Pierre-Yves -- Preat, Thomas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Jan 25;339(6118):440-2. doi: 10.1126/science.1226018.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Genes and Dynamics of Memory Systems, Neurobiology Unit, UMR 7637 Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles/CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23349289" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Calcium/metabolism ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Cycloheximide/pharmacology ; Dopaminergic Neurons/*physiology ; Drosophila/genetics/*physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/biosynthesis ; Energy Metabolism ; Homeostasis ; *Memory, Long-Term/drug effects ; Models, Animal ; Mutation ; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology ; *Starvation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Exclusive consolidated memory phases in Drosophila (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-05-15
    Description: Two types of consolidated memory have been described in Drosophila, anesthesia-resistant memory (ARM), a shorter-lived form, and stabilized long-term memory (LTM). Until now, it has been thought that ARM and LTM coexist. On the contrary, we show that LTM formation leads to the extinction of ARM. Flies devoid of mushroom body vertical lobes cannot form LTM, but spaced conditioning can still erase their ARM, resulting in a remarkable situation: The more these flies are trained, the less they remember. We propose that ARM acts as a gating mechanism that ensures that LTM is formed only after repetitive and spaced training.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Isabel, Guillaume -- Pascual, Alberto -- Preat, Thomas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 May 14;304(5673):1024-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Developpement, Evolution, Plasticite du Systeme Nerveux, CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gifsur-Yvette, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15143285" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclases/genetics/physiology ; Animals ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Cyclic AMP/metabolism ; Drosophila/genetics/*physiology ; Drosophila Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Genes, Insect ; Learning ; Memory/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Mushroom Bodies/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Mutation ; Neurons/*physiology ; Neuropeptides/genetics/physiology ; Odors ; Transgenes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    A subset of dopamine neurons signals reward for odour memory in Drosophila (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-07-20
    Description: Animals approach stimuli that predict a pleasant outcome. After the paired presentation of an odour and a reward, Drosophila melanogaster can develop a conditioned approach towards that odour. Despite recent advances in understanding the neural circuits for associative memory and appetitive motivation, the cellular mechanisms for reward processing in the fly brain are unknown. Here we show that a group of dopamine neurons in the protocerebral anterior medial (PAM) cluster signals sugar reward by transient activation and inactivation of target neurons in intact behaving flies. These dopamine neurons are selectively required for the reinforcing property of, but not a reflexive response to, the sugar stimulus. In vivo calcium imaging revealed that these neurons are activated by sugar ingestion and the activation is increased on starvation. The output sites of the PAM neurons are mainly localized to the medial lobes of the mushroom bodies (MBs), where appetitive olfactory associative memory is formed. We therefore propose that the PAM cluster neurons endow a positive predictive value to the odour in the MBs. Dopamine in insects is known to mediate aversive reinforcement signals. Our results highlight the cellular specificity underlying the various roles of dopamine and the importance of spatially segregated local circuits within the MBs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Liu, Chang -- Placais, Pierre-Yves -- Yamagata, Nobuhiro -- Pfeiffer, Barret D -- Aso, Yoshinori -- Friedrich, Anja B -- Siwanowicz, Igor -- Rubin, Gerald M -- Preat, Thomas -- Tanimoto, Hiromu -- R01 MH081982/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Aug 23;488(7412):512-6. doi: 10.1038/nature11304.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max-Planck-Institut fur Neurobiologie, Martinsried 82152, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22810589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Appetitive Behavior/physiology ; Calcium Signaling ; Dendrites/physiology ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Dopaminergic Neurons/cytology/*physiology ; Drosophila melanogaster/*cytology/*physiology ; Memory/*physiology ; Mushroom Bodies/cytology/metabolism ; Odors/*analysis ; *Reward ; Smell/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular organisation and expression pattern of the segment polarity gene fused of Drosophila melanogaster
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mechanisms of Development 44 (1993), S. 65-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0925-4773
    Keywords: Cell interaction ; Drosophila ; Protein kinase ; Segment polarity gene ; fused
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-4773(93)90017-R
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification ofDrosophila mutant with memory defects after acquisition of conditioned reflex suppression of courtship (2000)
    Springer
    Neuroscience and behavioral physiology 30 (2000), S. 307-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-899X
    Keywords: Memory ; suppression of courting ; Drosophila ; mutants ; P insertion mutagenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four lines were selected from a collection of 33 lines prepared by P insertion mutagenesis using a single-copy P-element system; the males of these four lines showed memory defects after acquisition of conditioned reflex suppression of courting. In two lines (P171 and P95), the dynamics of retention of the conditioned reflex in the repeated impregnated-female courting test were similar to those of known short-term memory mutantsdnc andrut. In line P153, the dynamics were more reminiscent of the memory dynamics in a known medium-term memory mutant,amn. In line P124, the learning index was insignificant immediately after training was completed, which may indicate that this line was unable to acquire conditioned reflex suppression of courting. Determination of the positions of the P elements (P171: 48A-B; P153: 49B-C; P124; 67B–68A; P95: 77C-D) showed no correspondence with previously known mutations producing memory lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02471783
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  • 8
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    Cytokine signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway is required for long-term memory in Drosophila (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-25
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 9
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    Behavioral consequences of dopamine deficiency in the Drosophila central nervous system (2010)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-12-27
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Cytokine signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway is required for long-term memory in Drosophila [Psychological and Cognitive Sciences] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-11
    Description: Cytokine signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway regulates multiple cellular responses, including cell survival, differentiation, and motility. Although significant attention has been focused on the role of cytokines during inflammation and immunity, it has become clear that they are also implicated in normal brain function. However, because of the large number of different genes encoding cytokines and their receptors in mammals, the precise role of cytokines in brain physiology has been difficult to decipher. Here, we took advantage of Drosophila’s being a genetically simpler model system to address the function of cytokines in memory formation. Expression analysis showed that the cytokine Upd is enriched in the Drosophila memory center, the mushroom bodies. Using tissue- and adult-specific expression of RNAi and dominant-negative proteins, we show that not only is Upd specifically required in the mushroom bodies for olfactory aversive long-term memory but the Upd receptor Dome, as well as the Drosophila JAK and STAT homologs Hop and Stat92E, are also required, while being dispensable for less stable memory forms.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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