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  • 1
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    Diphytanyl and dibiphytanyl glycerol ether lipids of methanogenic archaebacteria (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-01-05
    Description: The lipids of nine different methanogenic bacterial strains are comprised of diphytanyl glycerol diethers, previously known only in extremely halophilic bacterial, as well as dibiphytanyl diglycerol tetraethers, known formerly only in the extremely thermoacidophilic bacteria Thermoplasma and Sulfolobus. Of the methanogens examined from four representative taxonomic groups, Methanobacterium and Methanospirillum contained both types of isopranyl ethers in nearly equal proportions, whereas the coccal forms, Methanosarcina and Methanococcus, possessed diphytanyl glycerol diethers, but with only a trace of or no dibiphytanyl diglycerol tetraethers. The occurrence of both types of isopranyl glycerol ethers in methanogenic bacteria supports the proposal that they have a close genealogical relationship to the extremely halophilic and thermoacidophilic bacteria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tornabene, T G -- Langworthy, T A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 5;203(4375):51-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/758677" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Biological Evolution ; Ethers/analysis ; Euryarchaeota/*analysis/classification/genetics ; Glycerol/analogs & derivatives/analysis ; Lipids/*analysis ; Mass Spectrometry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Long-chain diols: a new class of membrane lipids from a thermophilic bacterium (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-03-07
    Description: Glycerol-derived membrane lipids are essentially absent in the thermophilic bacterium Thermomicrobium roseum. A series of straight chain and internally methyl-branched 1,2-diols of carbon numbers C(18) to C(23) were found to replace glycerolipids in this bacterium. Fatty acids were present but were ester-linked to the diols or amide-linked to polar heads groups and not to glycerol. This thermophile has evolved the integration of diols as a novel approach for the construction of its cytoplasmic membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pond, J L -- Langworthy, T A -- Holzer, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 7;231(4742):1134-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17818542" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Three proton pumps, morphology and movements (1984)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0145-479X
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-6881
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
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    Isolation and description ofHaloanaerobium praevalens gen. nov. and sp. nov., an obligately anaerobic halophile common to Great Salt Lake sediments (1983)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0343-8651
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0991
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 5
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    Squalenes, phytanes and other isoprenoids as major neutral lipids of methanogenic and thermoacidophilic 'archaebacteria' (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The neutral lipids from nine species of methanogenic bacteria (five methanobacilli, two methanococci, a methanospirillum and a methanosarcina) and two thermoacidophilic bacteria (Thermo-plasma and Sulfolobus) have been analyzed. The neutral lipids were found to comprise a wide range (C14 to C30) of polyisoprenyl hydrocarbons with varying degrees of saturation. The principal components represented the three major isoprenoid series (C20 phytanyl, C25 pentaisoprenyl, and C30 squalenyl), in contrast with the neutral lipids of extreme halophiles, which consist predominantly of C2O (phytanyl, geranylgeraniol), C30 (squalenes), C40 (carotenes) and C50 (bacterioruberins compounds), as reported by Kates (1978). These results, which indicate strong general similarities between genetically diverse organisms, support the classification of these organisms in a separate phylogenetic group. The occurrence of similar isoprenoid compounds in petroleum and ancient sediments and the fact that the methanogens, halophiles and thermoacidophiles live in conditions presumed to have prevailed in archaen times suggest that the isoprenoid compounds in petroleum compounds and sediment may have been directly synthesized by organisms of this type
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: Journal of Molecular Evolution; 13; June 8
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LIPIDS OF MYCOPLASMAS (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 225 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1973.tb45632.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Squalenes, phytanes and other isoprenoids as major neutral lipids of methanogenic and thermoacidophilic “archaebacteria” (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 13 (1979), S. 73-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Archaebacteria ; Methanobacteria ; Thermoplasma ; Sulfolobus ; Lipids ; Squalenes ; Phytane ; Isoprenoid Hydrocarbons ; Hydroisoprenoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The neutral lipids of nine species of methanogenic bacteria including five methanobacilli, two methanococci, a methanospirillum, one methanosarcina as well as two thermoacidophilic bacteria, Thermoplasma and Sulfolobus, were analyzed. The major components were C30, C25 and/or C20 acyclic isoprenoid hydrocarbons with a continuous range of hydroisoprenoid homologues. The range of acyclic isoprenoids detected were from C14 to C30. Apart fromMetbanosarcina barkeri, squalene and/or hydrosqualene derivatives were the predominant components in all species studied. The components ofMetbanosarcina barkeri were a family of C25 homologues. The distribution of the neutral lipid components and their specItIc variations in relative intensities emphasized the differences between the test organisms while the generic nature of the isoprenoid hydrocarbons demonstrated similarities between the diverse bacteria. The neutral lipid compositions from these bacteria, many of which exist in evironmental conditions like those described for the various evolutionary stages of the archean ecology, resemble the isoprenoid distribution isolated from ancient sediments and petroleum. Therefore, these findings may have major implications to biological and biogeochemical evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732755
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three proton pumps, morphology and movements (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes 16 (1984), S. 335-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: F1 ATPase ; freeze-etch electron microscopy ; proton pumps ; reconstitution ; bacteriorhodopsin ; cytochrome oxidase ; lipids of thermoacidophilic bacteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The diameter of F1 coupling factor and the distance it protrudes from the membrane of bovine heart submitochondrial particles were measured quantitatively using horse spleen ferritin as a standard. Employing the freeze-etch technique, particles of similar size were found on membranes of submitochondrial particles and on membranes of particles first depleted by F1, then reconstituted by addition of F1. The extramembranous size of F1 is 9.7 nm and F1 protrudes from the membrane surface by about 13.6 nm. Bacteriorhodopsin and cytochrome oxidase were incorporated into lipids derived from membranes of extremely thermoacidophilic microorganisms by the octylglucoside dilution method. The bacteriorhodopsin pump was fully functional provided high concentrations of valinomycin were added. With decanoyl-N-methylglucamide as detergent the pump was very active in the absence of valinomycin. Concentrations of gramicidin that collapsed the ΔpH in bacteriorhodopsin liposomes prepared with soybean phospholipid had little or no effect on these rigid proteoliposomes. Very high concentrations (30 µg per ml) were partially effective, suggesting a mechanism other than formation of a gramicidin dimer channel. Cytochrome oxidase lost virtually all activity when incorporated into these rigid liposomes but was fully reactivated on addition of suitable detergents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00743230
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capillary supercritical fluid chromatography of archaebacterial glycerol tetraether lipids (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 9 (1986), S. 182-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid chromatography ; Lipids ; Bacterial glycerol tetraethers ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The analysis of bacterial glycerol tetraethers by capillary supercritical fluid chromatography is described. Complete separation of ethers, differing only by the number of cyclopentane rings present in the isopranyl side chains could be achieved. On a 50% methylphenylpolysiloxane coated capillary, the ethers eluted in the order of increasing cyclopentane content. The analysis revealed the presence of two previously unreported structural isomers of glycerol tetraethers. The method can be used qualitatively and quantitatively as a fast and sensitive screening test for such compounds in living organisms and sedimentary organic matter.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240090311
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and description ofHaloanaerobium praevalens gen. nov. and sp. nov., an obligately anaerobic halophile common to Great Salt Lake sediments (1983)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 9 (1983), S. 225-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A new halophilic species is described that was isolated from the hypersaline (〉20%) surface sediments of Great Salt Lake, Utah, via transfer from MPN end-dilution tubes that contained a complex organic medium. The organism was an obligate anaerobe that proliferated optimally at approximately 13% salt, but did not grow significantly at 〈2% or ≥30% salt. It stained Gram-negative, was nonmotile, nonsporing, and contained an outer-wall membranous layer. The complex lipids of the organism were fatty acid esters that did not change dramatically during growth at 5% or 25% NaCl. The DNA base composition was 27.0±1 mol% guanosine plus cytosine. The temperature range for growth was 〉5°C and 〈60°C, the pH range was between 6.0 and 9.0. The doubling time for growth in complex medium with 25% NaCl was 7 h. The organism utilized carbohydrates, peptides, and amino acids. Butyrate, acetate, propionate. H2, and CO2 were the major fermentation end products formed. Glucose, mannose, fructose,n-acetyl glucosamine, and pectin were used as energy sources for growth. Methylmercaptan was produced from methionine degradation. The nameHaloanaerobium praevalens gen. nov. sp. nov. is proposed for the type strain GSL which has been deposited as DSM 2228. The taxonomic relationships ofH. praevalens to other obligate halophiles and anaerobes, as well as its biological role in the Great Salt Lake microbial ecosystem, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01567586
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