ALBERT

Description: Forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4 ) is one of the major planetary materials, and its behavior under extreme conditions is important to understand the interior structure of large planets, such as super-Earths, and large-scale planetary impact events. Previous shock compression measurements of forsterite indicate that it may melt below 200 GPa, but these measurements did not go beyond 200 GPa. We report the shock response of forsterite above ~250 GPa, obtained using the laser shock wave technique. We simultaneously measured the Hugoniot and temperature of shocked forsterite and interpreted the results to suggest the following: (i) incongruent crystallization of MgO at 271 to 285 GPa, (ii) phase transition of MgO at 285 to 344 GPa, and (iii) remelting above ~470 to 500 GPa. These exothermic and endothermic reactions are seen to occur under extreme conditions of pressure and temperature. They indicate complex structural and chemical changes in the system MgO-SiO 2 at extreme pressures and temperatures and will affect the way we understand the interior processes of large rocky planets as well as material transformation by impacts in the formation of planetary systems.

Description: We have studied the generation of terahertz (THz) radiation via the interaction of intense femtosecond laser pulses with solid targets at a small incidence angle. It is found that preplasma with a moderate density gradient can enhance the emission. We also observe saturation of the THz output with the driving laser energy. We find that THz emission is closely related to the 3/2 harmonics of the driving laser. Particle-in-cell simulations indicate that under the present experimental conditions, the THz emission could be attributed to the transient currents at the plasma-vacuum interface, mainly formed by the two-plasmon-decay instability.

Description: Silencing of RUNX2 enhances gemcitabine sensitivity of p53-deficient human pancreatic cancer AsPC-1 cells through the stimulation of TAp63-mediated cell death Cell Death and Disease 6, e1914 (October 2015). doi:10.1038/cddis.2015.242 Authors: H Sugimoto, M Nakamura, H Yoda, K Hiraoka, K Shinohara, M Sang, K Fujiwara, O Shimozato, H Nagase & T Ozaki

Description: Author(s): F. Blanchard, D. Golde, F. H. Su, L. Razzari, G. Sharma, R. Morandotti, T. Ozaki, M. Reid, M. Kira, S. W. Koch, and F. A. Hegmann The anisotropic effective mass of energetic electrons in an isotropic, nonparabolic conduction band is revealed using ultrafast THz-pump–THz-probe techniques in a n -doped InGaAs semiconductor thin film. A microscopic theory is applied to identify the origin of the observed anisotropy and to show tha... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 107401] Published Wed Aug 31, 2011

Description: We report on terahertz (THz) generation via optical rectification in a room temperature gallium arsenide (GaAs) crystal pumped at a wavelength of 1.8  μ m using a modified tilted-pulse-front scheme, leading to a 0.05% energy conversion efficiency. The spectral content of the measured THz pulses, ranging from 0.1 to 3 THz, confirmed a good broadband phase matching between the pump and the THz pulses over several millimeters (〉20 mm) in a semi-insulating 〈110〉 cut bulk GaAs crystal. Our findings also suggest that the pump-to-THz conversion efficiency can be further increased by using a pump source with a narrower bandwidth.

Description: An electron energy spectrometer (ESM) is one of the most fundamental diagnostics in the fast ignition experiment. It is necessary to observe the spectra down to a low energy range in order to obtain the accurate deposition efficiency toward the core. Here, we realize the suitable ESM by using a ferrite magnet with a moderate magnetic field of 0.3 T and a rectangular magnetic circuit covered with a steel plate in the inlet side.

Description: We demonstrate broad bandwidth and intense sub-100 eV high-order harmonics from diatomic carbon molecules driven by long-wavelength laser pulses. Up to now, one limitation of the intense carbon harmonic source driven by a 0.8  μ m wavelength Ti:sapphire laser has been the low cutoff around ∼32 eV. In this paper, we show that this harmonic cutoff is extended to ∼70 eV by increasing the driving laser wavelength to 1.71  μ m. Surprisingly, the carbon harmonic intensity is found to be high despite the long wavelength driving laser. Experiments show only ∼30% decrease in the harmonic intensity when changing the driving laser wavelength from 0.8  μ m to 1.71  μ m. Such intense sub-100 eV coherent X-rays would have important applications in various domains of science and technology.

Description: The widespread popularity of density functional theory has given rise to an extensive range of dedicated codes for predicting molecular and crystalline properties. However, each code implements the formalism in a different way, raising questions about the reproducibility of such predictions. We report the results of a community-wide effort that compared 15 solid-state codes, using 40 different potentials or basis set types, to assess the quality of the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof equations of state for 71 elemental crystals. We conclude that predictions from recent codes and pseudopotentials agree very well, with pairwise differences that are comparable to those between different high-precision experiments. Older methods, however, have less precise agreement. Our benchmark provides a framework for users and developers to document the precision of new applications and methodological improvements.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lejaeghere, Kurt -- Bihlmayer, Gustav -- Bjorkman, Torbjorn -- Blaha, Peter -- Blugel, Stefan -- Blum, Volker -- Caliste, Damien -- Castelli, Ivano E -- Clark, Stewart J -- Dal Corso, Andrea -- de Gironcoli, Stefano -- Deutsch, Thierry -- Dewhurst, John Kay -- Di Marco, Igor -- Draxl, Claudia -- Dulak, Marcin -- Eriksson, Olle -- Flores-Livas, Jose A -- Garrity, Kevin F -- Genovese, Luigi -- Giannozzi, Paolo -- Giantomassi, Matteo -- Goedecker, Stefan -- Gonze, Xavier -- Granas, Oscar -- Gross, E K U -- Gulans, Andris -- Gygi, Francois -- Hamann, D R -- Hasnip, Phil J -- Holzwarth, N A W -- Iusan, Diana -- Jochym, Dominik B -- Jollet, Francois -- Jones, Daniel -- Kresse, Georg -- Koepernik, Klaus -- Kucukbenli, Emine -- Kvashnin, Yaroslav O -- Locht, Inka L M -- Lubeck, Sven -- Marsman, Martijn -- Marzari, Nicola -- Nitzsche, Ulrike -- Nordstrom, Lars -- Ozaki, Taisuke -- Paulatto, Lorenzo -- Pickard, Chris J -- Poelmans, Ward -- Probert, Matt I J -- Refson, Keith -- Richter, Manuel -- Rignanese, Gian-Marco -- Saha, Santanu -- Scheffler, Matthias -- Schlipf, Martin -- Schwarz, Karlheinz -- Sharma, Sangeeta -- Tavazza, Francesca -- Thunstrom, Patrik -- Tkatchenko, Alexandre -- Torrent, Marc -- Vanderbilt, David -- van Setten, Michiel J -- Van Speybroeck, Veronique -- Wills, John M -- Yates, Jonathan R -- Zhang, Guo-Xu -- Cottenier, Stefaan -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Mar 25;351(6280):aad3000. doi: 10.1126/science.aad3000.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium. ; Peter Grunberg Institute and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Julich and JARA (Julich Aachen Research Alliance), D-52425 Julich, Germany. ; Department of Physics, Abo Akademi, FI-20500 Turku, Finland. Centre of Excellence in Computational Nanoscience (COMP) and Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, Post Office Box 11100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland. ; Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9/165-TC, A-1060 Vienna, Austria. ; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. ; Universite Grenoble Alpes, Institut Nanosciences et Cryogenie-Modeling and Material Exploration Department (INAC-MEM), Laboratoire de Simulation Atomistique (L_Sim), F-38042 Grenoble, France. Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), INAC-MEM, L_Sim, F-38054 Grenoble, France. ; Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. ; Department of Physics, University of Durham, Durham DH1 3LE, UK. ; International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) and DEMOCRITOS, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Officina dei Materiali (CNR-IOM), Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. ; Max-Planck-Institut fur Mikrostrukturphysik, Weinberg 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Materials Theory, Uppsala University, Post Office Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. ; Institut fur Physik and Integrative Research Institute for the Sciences (IRIS)-Adlershof, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Zum Grossen Windkanal 6, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. ; Center for Atomic-Scale Materials Design, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. ; Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8553, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA. ; Department of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Physics, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy. ; Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences-Nanoscopic Physics (NAPS), Universite Catholique de Louvain, Chemin des Etoiles 8, BE-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. ; Institut fur Physik, Universitat Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Materials Theory, Uppsala University, Post Office Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. ; Department of Computer Science, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA. Mat-Sim Research, Post Office Box 742, Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA. ; Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK. ; Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA. ; Scientific Computing Department, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK. ; CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. ; Department of Materials, University of Oxford, 16 Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PH, UK. ; Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. ; LeibnizInstitut fur Festkorper- und Werkstoffforschung (IFW) Dresden, Post Office Box 270 116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science (DCMS), Technische Universitat Dresden, D-01069 Dresden, Germany. ; Theory and Simulation of Materials (THEOS) and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) and DEMOCRITOS, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Officina dei Materiali (CNR-IOM), Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of Materials Theory, Uppsala University, Post Office Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands. ; Institut fur Physik and Integrative Research Institute for the Sciences (IRIS)-Adlershof, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Zum Grossen Windkanal 6, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. ; LeibnizInstitut fur Festkorper- und Werkstoffforschung (IFW) Dresden, Post Office Box 270 116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. ; Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan. ; Institut de Mineralogie, de Physique des Materiaux, et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Universites-Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 06, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unite Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7590, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) Unite de Recherche 206, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. ; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK. ; Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium. High Performance Computing Unit, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S9, BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium. ; Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK. ISIS Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, UK. ; Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Department, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5050, USA. ; Institute for Solid State Physics, Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. ; Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, USA. ; Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA. ; Institute of Theoretical and Simulational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China. ; Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27013736" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) inhibits p53-dependent apoptosis through the collaboration with HDAC6 in response to DNA damage Cell Death and Disease 4, e610 (April 2013). doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.127 Authors: T Ozaki, D Wu, H Sugimoto, H Nagase & A Nakagawara

Description: Author(s): X. D. Du, K. Toi, S. Ohdachi, K. Y. Watanabe, H. Takahashi, Y. Yoshimura, M. Osakabe, R. Seki, T. Nicolas, H. Tsuchiya, K. Nagaoka, K. Ogawa, K. Tanaka, M. Isobe, M. Yokoyama, M. Yoshinuma, S. Kubo, S. Sakakibara, T. Bando, T. Ido, T. Ozaki, Y. Suzuki, Y. Takemura, and LHD Experiment Group The resistive interchange mode destabilized by the resonant interaction with the trapped energetic ions is fully suppressed when the injected power of electron cyclotron heating exceeds a certain threshold. It is shown for the first time that the complete stabilization of the energetic-particle-driv… [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 125001] Published Mon Mar 20, 2017