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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 7451-7458 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Path integral quantum transition state theory is implemented to calculate the diffusion constant for atomic hydrogen on metal surfaces at low coverage. The path integral theory provides a unified computational methodology to study the influence on the diffusion constant from multidimensional tunneling, vibrational mode quantization, surface distortion, and phonon thermal fluctuations. An approximate technique has also been employed to incorporate the dissipative effect from the electron–hole pair excitations of the metal. The hydrogen diffusion rates on two model metal surfaces are calculated. These surface models are (1) a simple rigid model of the Cu(100) surface allowing a comparison with previous theoretical results, and (2) a more realistic moving model of the Cu(100) surface to examine the effects of surface atom motion. The quantum diffusion constant for hydrogen is calculated over a temperature range of 100–300 K. The largest effect from the moving lattice atoms is found to be the surface distortion effect, leading to a 5% modification of the activation free energy for site-to-site hopping. The phonon thermal fluctuations are not found to significantly enhance or dissipate the tunneling at low temperatures. The electron–hole pair dissipation is, however, estimated to have an effect on the tunneling behavior at the lowest temperature studied (100 K).
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 618 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 3247-3251 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The vibrational energy relaxation rate of an excited C–H stretching mode on the hydrogen-terminated H/C(111)1×1 surface is calculated using Bloch–Redfield theory combined with classical molecular dynamics. The lifetime of an excited state is determined by the strength of the power spectrum of the force on the stretching mode at the resonance frequency. The lifetime of the first excited state is found to be 60 ps at 300 K which is shorter than the Si–H stretching mode lifetime on the H/Si(111)1×1 surface. The lifetime of the v=2 first overtone state is found to be 200 times shorter (0.30 ps). Analysis of the power spectrum of the fluctuating force along the C–H bond suggests that the mechanism of the energy relaxation for the v=1 stretching state on the H/C(111)1×1 surface is due to lower-order interactions than on the H/Si(111)1×1 surface. The predicted fast relaxation of the overtone state may cast some doubt on the observability of that state.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 671 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to determine the vibrational energy relaxation rates for C–H,D,T stretches on hydrogen-, deuterium-, and tritium-terminated H,D,T/C(111) and H,D,T/C(110) diamond surfaces at high temperatures based on the Bloch–Redfield theory and the calculated power spectra of fluctuating force along C–H,D,T stretches. The lifetime of C–H stretches on H/(110) surfaces at room temperature was found to be 0.8 ps, which is much shorter than the calculated lifetime of 30 ps on a H/C(111) surface attributed to 1:3 resonance. This is due to the blueshift of the 1:2 resonance domain in the force power spectra for a H/C(110) surface. The lifetimes of C–H stretches on a H/C(110) surface and C–D,T stretches on both D,T/C(111) and D,T/C(110) surfaces, which all undergo 1:2 resonance energy relaxation, are all on the time scale of tenths of a picosecond at room temperature and are approximately inversely proportional to the square of the temperature at high temperatures. For C–H stretches on a H/C(111) surface, the lifetimes at high temperatures are shortened much further not only by the rise in the temperature but also due to the thermal broadening of the resonance peaks in the force power spectra. The characteristics of power spectra and the resulting relaxation rates were analyzed using a simple model of a constrained diatomic bond in a harmonic bending potential field. The present results suggest that, since the resonance frequencies of C–H stretches are located within the border region between the 1:2 and 1:3 resonance domains, the vibrational energy relaxation of C–H stretches may differ by more than an order of one on different monohydrided low index unreconstructed diamond surfaces in contrast to the lifetimes of C–D,T stretches on these diamond surfaces, which are all on the same time scale at a given temperature. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 277-279 (Jan. 2005), p. 28-32 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Autonomic derangement can be assessed by depressed baroreflex sensitivity in arestrictive left ventricular diastolic filling pattern. However, it is unclear how reflex or other compensations affect the inspiratory fall of systolic arterial pressure (IFSAP) during acute airway obstruction. In an in-vivo situation, it is particularly difficult to isolate individual effects of heart rate, vascular tone, pleural pressure variation, and ventricular interdependence. For this reason, a computer model study was undertaken. A previously validated computer model of the cardiopulmonary system was adapted for this study, relating mechanisms such as baroreflexregulation of heart rate to IFSAP. The model provided time-course simulations of hemodynamics by numerically integrating 28 nonlinear, time-varying differential equations. Two models for baroreflex gain were tested, including a simple 1st-order relationship between systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and R-R interval (RRI) and the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model reported in literature. The ARMA model predicted the next RRI based on SAP from several previous cardiac cycles and previous RRI predictions. Experimental data were obtained retrospectively from 22 patients with chronic airway obstruction before and during breathing through an external resistance. The computer model provided good fits to arterial pressure waveforms: correlation coefficients (r) ranging from 0.71 to 0.96 (mean±SD: 0.87±0.06) with a simple 1st-order SAP-RRI model. The ARMA model did not improve the goodness of fit
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 532-533 (Dec. 2006), p. 1064-1067 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In the process of global economy development and competition, how to strengthen thecooperation of enterprises in the supply chain environment plays a very important role to the successof enterprises. As well known, the IT technology is one of the quite essential factors to providequicker and more accurate information for the enterprises, and therefore enhance the enterprises’operation efficiency. In order to adapt to the supply chain (SC) environment and support for otherenterprises’ common development in SC, we have to develop more powerful and unified ITtechnology.What is elaborated in this paper is the framework of the information cooperation system which isSC oriented. It does not deny or overthrow the legacy applications of enterprises, but to put forwarda framework based on the old applications in SC. It also unifies the Web Service and references theprinciples of VPN. We call it the framework of Virtual Private Supply Chain Management (VPSCM).The principle, the model and the use of VPSCM as well as some other related issues are going to beexplained in this paper
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 561-565 (Oct. 2007), p. 557-562 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Mn3GaN has anti-perovskite structure and there exists an abnormal thermal expansionbehavior in accompanying with a magnetic transition and variation of electronic transport properties.Substitution of Ga by Ge(Si) induces the change of the thermal expansion properties and thecorresponding temperature range. The structure, heat capacity, magnetic and electronic transportproperties of Mn3Ga(Ge,Si)N were investigated and discussed
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, we have studied electromigration (EM) behavior under different current densities experimentally and theoretically. Our experimental results have shown that the dependence of median-time-to-failure on current density is not the same in different regimes of current densities. Both the theoretical analysis and observation of SEM showed that mechanisms causing EM failure in different regimes are different. In the low current density regime EM failure is caused by microstructural changes, while in the high current density regime it is microstructural changes caused by a temperature gradient. We have developed a model to describe the dependence. The calculated results are consistent with experiments.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: Cellusase ; cellobiohydrolase ; endoglucanase ; circular dichroism ; Trichoderma pseudokiningii S-38
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Effects of pH and ligand binding upon the conformation of Cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI) and endoglucanase I (EGI) from Trichoderma pseudokiningii S-38 have been studied by circular dichroism measurements. In the high-pH range (6–9), increasing pH resulted in a similar conformational change occurring in free CBHI and EGI, while such treatment gave different changes of the two enzyme conformations in the presence of cellobiose. On the other hand, in the low-pH region, with both CBHI an EGI in the active form, decreasing pH resulted in a large conformational change of free EGI compared to that of free CBHI, whereas ligand binding resulted in a similar change of both CBHI and EGI, independent of pH change.
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