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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 50 (1978), S. 444-448 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 307 (1984), S. 206-206 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR ? I sympathize with the Indian Government's attempt to lure expatriate scientists and doctors back home through programmes such as TOKTEN and through the proposal to create a sophisticated technological city (Nature 305, 350; 1983). But short-term solutions such as these are not the answers. ...
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Endomycorrhizae ; Maize ; Nitrogen metabolism ; ^[15]N tracer ; Water deficit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  This study examined the uptake of nitrogen by external hyphae of an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith) and its impact on physiological responses in maize plants subjected to well-watered or drought-stressed conditions. Plants were grown in compartmented boxes divided by a nylon mesh (40 μm) into a root compartment and a hyphal compartment. Maize plants (Zea mays cv. 'Tuxpeño sequia' selection cycle C0) were exposed to 2 weeks of drought 56 days after sowing. A ^[15]N tracer was applied as K^[15]NO_[3] to the hyphal compartment at a distance of 5 cm from the root compartment. Root and shoot samples were then analyzed for ^[15]N atom % excess (APE), glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, protein concentration and nutritional status. Evapotranspiration rate and stomatal resistance were monitored daily to determine the degree of drought stress. The APE values for AM shoots and roots were 32% and 33% higher than non-AM shoots and roots, respectively, under drought conditions. This provides clear evidence that the external mycelium of AM fungus transports considerable amounts of ^[15]NO_[3]^[– ]to the host plant under drought conditions. Drought-stressed AM roots had 28% higher GS activity, possibly as a consequence of higher hyphal acquisition of NO_[3]^[–] ions. Mycorrhizal colonization significantly increased the host plant P status regardless of soil moisture regime. In addition, the N status of drought-stressed AM shoots and roots was slightly higher than stressed non-AM shoots and roots. The improved nutritional status may assist AM plants to exploit available soil moisture more efficiently and to maintain higher leaf relative water content under moderate drought conditions.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 5 (1995), S. 273-278 
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Drought stress ; Tropical maize cultivars ; Glomus intraradices ; Metabolic changes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A greenhouse experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith) on metabolic changes in tropical maize (Zea mays L.) under drought. Two cultivars, Tuxpeno sequia C0 (drought sensitive) and C8 (drought resistant), were subjected for 3 weeks to water stress following tasselling (75–95 days after sowing). Fully expanded 7th or 8th leaves were sampled and assessed for levels of chlorophyll, sugars, proteins, and amino acids. Chlorophyll content was not altered either by water stress or the presence of mycorrhizae. Mycorrhizal plants (M+) had higher total and reducing sugars than nonmycorrhizal plants (M–) at the end of 3 weeks of the drought cycle. An increase in protein content was observed with drought stress in M+ plants of the cultivar C0. Most of the amino acids showed a linear increase during the period of water stress in M+ and M– plants for both cultivars. Total amino acids increased by 40.6% and 43.7% in M– plants of C0 and C8, respectively. With the presence of AM fungus, amino acid levels increased by only 10.7% and 19.2% of leaf dry mass in C0 and C8, respectively. Alanine, asparagine, glutamine, and glycine accounted for 70% of the amino acid pool. Under drought, AM inoculation enabled the plants to retain considerable amounts of sugars and proteins, especially in the drought-sensitive cultivar C0. This may be of physiological importance in helping the plant to withstand moderate drought.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Key words Arbuscular mycorrhizae ; Drought ; Grain yield ; Maize ; Nutrition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The effects of root colonization by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith on nutritional, growth, and reproductive attributes of two tropical maize cultivars with different sensitivities to drought were studied. Freshly regenerated seeds of selection cycles 0 (cv. C0, drought-sensitive) and 8 (cv. C8, drought-resistant) of the lowland tropical maize population "Tuxpeño sequía" were used in this greenhouse experiment. Maize plants were subjected to drought stress for 3 weeks following tasselling (75–95 days after sowing) and rewatered for the subsequent 5 weeks until harvest. Mycorrhizal (M+) plants had significantly higher uptake of N, P, K, Mg, Mn, and Zn into grain than non-mycorrhizal (M–) plants under drought conditions. AM inoculation also produced significantly greater shoot masses in C0 and C8 regardless of the drought-stress treatment. In the sensitive cultivar C0, drought stress reduced the shoot mass and grain yield by 23% and 55%, respectively, when roots were not colonized, while the reductions were only 12% and 31%, respectively, with mycorrhizal association. In addition, the emergence of tassels and silks was earlier in M+ plants than in M– plants under drought conditions. Mycorrhizal response was more pronounced under both well-watered and drought conditions in C0 than in the C8 cultivar. The overall results suggest that AM inoculation affects host plant nutritional status and growth and thereby alters the reproductive behaviour of maize under drought conditions.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 35 (1985), S. 380-385 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. An atomic absorption spectrometric (AAS) method has been developed for determining μg/L levels of Sb in samples of water and blood. The AAS method is based on the concept of stabilized temperature platform furnace atomization (STPF) realized through the use of a transversely heated graphite atomizer (THGA) furnace, longitudinal Zeeman-effect background correction, and matrix modification with palladium nitrate-magnesium nitrate-nitric acid. The method of standard additions is not mandatory. The detection limit (3 standard deviations of the blank) is 2.6 μg Sb/L for the water, red blood cells (RBCs), and serum samples. Data are presented on the degree of accuracy and precision. The THGA-AAS method is simple, fast, and contamination-free because the entire operation from sampling to AAS measurement is carried out in the same tube. The method has been applied to the determination of Sb in some leachate tap water samples derived from a static copper plumbing system containing Sn/Sb solders, and in small samples (0.5 ml) of RBCs and serum derived from rats given Sb-supplemented drinking water.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 4 (1972), S. 89-93 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate has been studied by DTA. It has been shown that the application of the first order kinetic equation provides a convenient quantitative description of the DTA curves. The influence of particle size, dilution, rate of heating and the size of the sample holder has been examined.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 323 (1986), S. 875-879 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary An international co-operative blood-lead interlaboratory survey was conducted based on lyophilised bovine blood samples with different endogenous lead contents. The samples were prepared from whole blood of a non-exposed cow and another fed with a single dose of lead acetate trihydrate. The mean values computed for the two samples analyzed by 25 participants from 13 countries were 55 and 250 μg Pb/l, respectively. These results showed a positive bias of 10% for the low lead level and 9% for the high lead level in relation to the reference values obtained by mass spectrometric isotope dilution analysis. Despite such a bias, the data, on the whole, are of acceptable precision and accuracy, especially when compared to previous interlaboratory blood-lead surveys.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurde ein internationaler kooperativer Blutblei-Labor-Ringversuch auf der Basis von lyophilisiertem Rinderblut mit verschiedenen endogenen Bleikonzentrationen durchgeführt. Die Proben stammen aus dem Blut einer nicht exponierten Kuh und einer weiteren, die eine einmalige Dosis von Bleiacetat-trihydrat erhielt. Die errechneten Mittelwerte für beide Proben, die von 25 Teilnehmern aus 13 Ländern analysiert wurden, betrugen 55 und 250 μg/l. Diese Ergebnisse wiesen im Vergleich zu den mit massenspektrometrischer Isotopenverdünnungsanalyse ermittelten Referenzwerten eine positive systematische Abweichung von 10% für den niedrigeren und 9% für den höheren Bleigehalt auf. Trotz dieser Abweichungen zeigen die Daten insgesamt eine akzeptable Präzision und Richtigkeit, vor allem wenn man sie mit früheren Blutblei-Ringversuchen vergleicht.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 327 (1987), S. 544-546 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A Canadian co-operative blood-Pb interlaboratory survey was conducted based on lyophilized bovine blood samples with different endogenous lead contents. The samples were prepared from whole blood of a non-exposed cow and another fed with a single dose of lead acetate trihydrate. The mean values computed for the three samples analyzed by 12 participants were 40, 229, and 91 μg Pb/l, respectively. These results showed a negative bias of 20%, 0.4% and 14% with respect to the target values of 50, 230 and 106 μg Pb/l, respectively.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Proben zu diesem Ringversuch wurden hergestellt aus dem Blut einer nicht-exponierten Kuh und einer weiteren, die eine einmalige Dosis von Bleiacetattrihydrat erhielt. Die errechneten Mittelwerte für drei Proben, die von 12 Teilnehmern analysiert wurden, betrugen 40, 229 und 91 μg Pb/l. Die Ergebnisse zeigten eine negative Abweichung von 20%, 0,4% bzw. 14% in bezug auf die Sollwerte von 50, 230 bzw. 106 μg Pb/l.
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