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  • 1
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    External Contamination Control of Attached Payloads on the International Space Station (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The International Space Station (ISS) is an on-orbit platform for science utilization in low Earth orbit with multiple sites for external payloads with exposure to the natural and induced environments. Contamination is one of the induced environments that can impact performance, mission success and science utilization on the vehicle. This paper describes the external contamination control requirements and integration process for externally mounted payloads on the ISS. The external contamination control requirements are summarized and a description of the integration and verification process is detailed to guide payload developers in the certification process of attached payloads on the vehicle. A description of the required data certification deliverables covers the characterization of contamination sources. Such characterization includes identification, usage and operational data for each class of contamination source. Classes of external contamination sources covered are vacuum exposed materials, sources of leakage, vacuum venting and thrusters. ISS system level analyses are conducted by the ISS Space Environments Team to certify compliance with external contamination control requirements. This paper also addresses the ISS induced contamination environment at attached payload sites, both at the requirements level as well as measurements made on ISS.
    Keywords: Astronautics (General)
    Type: JSC-CN-26920 , 12th International Symposium on Materials in the Space Environment (ISMSE-12); Sep 24, 2012 - Sep 28, 2012; Noordwijk; Netherlands
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    External Contamination Integration of Visiting Vehicles on the International Space Station (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The International Space Station (ISS) is an on-orbit platform for science utilization in low Earth orbit. The induced contamination environment can impact performance, mission success, and science utilization. Cargo and crew vehicles visiting the ISS represent significant sources of contamination. The Space Environments Team of the ISS Program Office has developed visiting vehicle requirements and methodologies to address the increasingly complex challenge of integrating multiple visiting vehicles while maintaining overall ISS contamination control requirements. The external contamination control requirements are summarized and the integration and verification process is described along with required data deliverables. Contamination characterization data deliverables address vacuum-exposed materials, thrusters, vacuum venting, and particulate releases. Visiting vehicle external contamination analyses are conducted by the ISS Space Environments Team to certify compliance with external contamination control requirements. Unpressurized cargo contamination analyses are also performed to characterize induced contamination to payloads while in transit to ISS. Efforts to confirm the visiting vehicle contamination modeling and analysis process based on on-orbit data are discussed.
    Keywords: Space Transportation and Safety
    Type: JSC-E-DAA-TN60752 , International Symposium on Materials in the Space Environment; Oct 01, 2018 - Oct 05, 2018; Biarritz; France
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Improvements in Modeling Thruster Plume Erosion Damage to Spacecraft Surfaces (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Spacecraft bipropellant thrusters impact spacecraft surfaces with high speed droplets of unburned and partially burned propellant. These impacts can produce erosion damage to optically sensitive hardware and systems (e.g., windows, camera lenses, solar cells and protective coatings). On the International Space Station (ISS), operational constraints are levied on the position and orientation of the solar arrays to mitigate erosion effects during thruster operations. In 2007, the ISS Program requested evaluation of erosion constraint relief to alleviate operational impacts due to an impaired Solar Alpha Rotary Joint (SARJ). Boeing Space Environments initiated an activity to identify and remove sources of conservatism in the plume induced erosion model to support an expanded range of acceptable solar array positions The original plume erosion model over-predicted plume erosion and was adjusted to better correlate with flight experiment results. This paper discusses findings from flight experiments and the methodology employed in modifying the original plume erosion model for better correlation of predictions with flight experiment data. The updated model has been successful employed in reducing conservatism and allowing for enhanced flexibility in ISS solar array operations.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: JSC-CN-33554 , International Symposium on Materials in the Space; Jun 22, 2015 - Jun 26, 2015; Pau; France
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Induced Contamination Predictions for JAXA's MPAC&SEED Devices (2008)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Externally mounted ISS payloads are exposed to the induced ISS environment, including material outgassing and thruster plume contamination. The Boeing Space Environments Team developed analytical and semiempirical models to predict material outgassing and thruster plume induced contamination. JAXA s SM/MPAC&SEED experiment provides an unique opportunity to compare induced contamination predications with measurements. Analysis results are qualitatively consistent with XPS measurements. Calculated depth of contamination within a factor of 2-3 of measured contamination. Represents extremely good agreement, especially considering long duration of experiment and number of outgassing sources. Despite XPS limitations in quantifying plume contamination, the measured and predicted results are of similar scale for the wake-facing surfaces. JAXA s JEM/MPAC&SEED experiment will also be exposed to induced contamination due to JEM and ISS hardware. Predicted material outgassing induced contamination to JEM/MPAC&SEED ranges from 44 to 262 (depending on surface temperature) for a 3 year exposure duration.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: International Symposium on Sm/MPAC&SEED; Mar 10, 2008 - Mar 11, 2008; Tsukuba; Japan
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    International Space Station External Contamination Environment for Space Science Utilization (2014)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The International Space Station (ISS) is the largest and most complex onorbit platform for space science utilization in low Earth orbit. Multiple sites for external payloads, with exposure to the associated natural and induced environments, are available to support a variety of space science utilization objectives. Contamination is one of the induced environments that can impact performance, mission success and science utilization on the vehicle. The ISS has been designed, built and integrated with strict contamination requirements to provide low levels of induced contamination on external payload assets. This paper addresses the ISS induced contamination environment at attached payload sites, both at the requirements level as well as measurements made on returned hardware, and contamination forecasting maps being generated to support external payload topology studies and science utilization.
    Keywords: Space Sciences (General)
    Type: JSC-CN-30494 , Annual International Space Station Research and Development Conference; Jun 17, 2014 - Jun 19, 2014; Chicago, IL; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    ISS External Contamination Environment for Space Science Utilization (2014)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: (1) The International Space Station is the largest and most complex on-orbit platform for space science utilization in low Earth orbit, (2) Multiple sites for external payloads, with exposure to the associated natural and induced environments, are available to support a variety of space science utilization objectives, (3) Contamination is one of the induced environments that can impact performance, mission success and science utilization on the vehicle, and (4)The ISS has been designed, built and integrated with strict contamination requirements to provide low levels of induced contamination on external payload assets.
    Keywords: Astronautics (General)
    Type: JSC-CN-31291 , Annual ISS Research and Development Conference; Jun 17, 2014 - Jun 19, 2014; Chicago, IL; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    External Contamination Environment at ISS Included: Selected Results from Payloads Contamination Mapping Delivery 3 Package (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The International Space Station is the largest and most complex on-orbit platform for space science utilization in low Earth orbit. Multiple sites for external payloads, with exposure to the associated natural and induced environments, are available to support a variety of space science utilization objectives. Contamination is one of the induced environments that can impact performance, mission success and science utilization on the vehicle. The ISS has been designed, built and integrated with strict contamination requirements to provide low levels of induced contamination on external payload assets.
    Keywords: Aerospace Medicine; Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: JSC-CN-39324 , Payload Operations and Integration Working Group (POIWG) #41; Apr 25, 2017 - Apr 27, 2017; Huntsville, AL; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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