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Effects of environmental factors on wood formation in Scots pine stems (1993)

Antonova, Galina F. ; Stasova, Victoria V.

Springer

Trees 7 (1993), S. 214-219

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ISSN: 1432-2285

Keywords: Pinus sylvestris ; Precipitation ; Temperature ; Wood formation (cambium, radial cell expansion, secondary wall thickening)

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Summary To find the optimal conditions for growth and development of tracheid walls in Scots pine stems the effects of temperature and precipitation on xylem cell production by the cambium, radial cell expansion and secondary wall thickening have been studied. The observations were carried out on 10 specially chosen 50 to 60-year-old trees, growing in central Siberia, over 2 seasons. The data on the number of cells in differentiation zones and mature xylem along radial rows of tracheids, radial and tangential sizes of tracheids and their lumens were used for calculating cambial activity, the rates and durations of cell development in the zones, and both the thickness and cross sectional areas of tracheid walls. The mean day, mean maximal diurnal and mean minimal nocturnal temperatures have been shown by correlation and regression analyses to affect differentially separate stages of cytogenesis. The temperature influenced the initial division the side of xylem and radial cell expansion mainly in May–June, while the influence of precipitation increased in July–August. Throughout all seasons it was the temperature that had the main influence on the biomass accumulation in cell walls. Optimal values of temperature and precipitation for cell production by cambium, radial cell expansion and secondary wall thickening have been calculated. The data are discussed in connection with productivity and quality of wood.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202076

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Daily dynamics in xylem cell radial growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) (1995)

Antonova, Galina F. ; Cherkashin, Vjacheslav P. ; Stasova, Victoria V. ; [et al.]

Springer

Trees 10 (1995), S. 24-30

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ISSN: 1432-2285

Keywords: Pinus sylvestris L. ; Wood formation ; Tracheid ; Radial cell expansion ; Daily growth dynamics

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Daily dynamics of radial cell expansion during wood formation within the stems of 25-year-old Scots pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.), growing in field conditions, were studied. The samples of forming wood layers were extracted 4 times per day for 3 days. Possible variations in the growth on different sides of the stem, duration of cell development in radial cell expansion phase and dynamics of cell growth in this phase were taken into account. The perimeters of tracheid cross-sections as a reflection of primary cell wall growth were the criterion of growth in a radial direction. For the evaluation of growing cell perimeters a special system for digital processing and image analysis of tracheid cross-sections of the forming wood was used. Growth rate for certain time intervals was estimated by the change in the relation of the perimeter of each observed cell in each of ten tracheid rows in each of 12 trees to the perimeter of the xylem cell of the same row before the expansion. Temporal differences in average values of the relations were estimated by Analyses of Variance. The existence of daily dynamics of Scots pine xylem cell radial growth has been proved. Intensive growth of pine tracheids has been shown to occur at any time of the day and to depend on the temperature regime of the day and the night as well as water supply of stem tissues. Moreover, reliable differences (P = 0.95) in the increment of cell walls during tracheid radial expansion have been found. Pulsing changes of the water potentials both of the cell and the apoplast, as the reason for the fluctuations of radial cell growth rate, were discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197776

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Effects of environmental factors on wood formation in larch (Larix sibirica Ldb.) stems (1997)

Antonova, G. F. ; Stasova, Victoria V.

Springer

Trees 11 (1997), S. 462-468

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ISSN: 0931-1890

Keywords: Key words Larix sibirica ; Temperature ; Precipitation ; Wood formation (cambium activity ; radial cell expansion ; secondary wall thickening)

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Effects of temperature and precipitation on xylem cell production by the cambium, radial cell expansion and secondary wall thickening in larch stems have been studied. The observations were carried out over two seasons on ten 50- to 60-year-old trees, growing in central Siberia and chosen according to growth rate (the number of cells in radial rows of each of two of the preceding seasons was equal). The data on the number of cells in differentiation zones and mature xylem along radial rows of tracheids, radial and tangential sizes of tracheids and their lumina were used for calculating cambial activity, the rates and durations of cell development in the zones, and both the thickness and cross-sectional areas of tracheid walls. The mean day air temperature, mean maximum diurnal and mean minimum nocturnal temperatures as well as precipitation have been shown by correlation and regression analyses to affect differentially separate stages of tracheid differentiation. Throughout all the seasons it was temperature that had the main influence on the initial divisions in the xylem, radial cell expansion and biomass accumulation. However, the levels of such an effect on separate stages of cytogenesis were different, especially the influence of nocturnal temperature on xylem cell production by cambium and primary wall growth. The optimum values of temperature and precipitation for cell production by cambium, for radial cell expansion and secondary wall thickening have been calculated. These optimum values of the first and second processes proved to be practically equal, while the last differs considerably in response to temperature. The data are discussed in connection with formation of early and late tracheids.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00009687

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