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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 91 (1987), S. 4250-4254 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 17 (1982), S. 429-449 
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: 18O tracer dffusion ; Al2O3 scales ; NiCrAl alloys
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Diffusion processes in Al 2 O 3 scales formed on NiCrAl + Zr alloys were studied by the proton activation technique employing the 18 O isotope as a tracer. The 18 O profiles identified a zone of oxide penetration beneath the external scale. Both this subscale formation and the outer Al 2 O 3 scale thickness were shown by this technique to increase with Zr content in the alloy. Estimated k p 's from scale thicknesses were in agreement with gravimetric measurements for various Zr levels. Alternate exposures in O and 18 O revealed that oxygen inward transport was the primary growth mechanism. A qualitative analysis of these 18 O profiles indicated that the oxygen transport was primarily via short-circuit paths, such as grain boundaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 43 (1995), S. 1-23 
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: turbine airfoils ; glow discharge mass spectroscopy (GDMS) ; cyclic oxidation ; yttrium ; type-I hot corrosion ; sulfur ; desulfurization ; H2 annealing, cast surface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The environmental protection of aircraft engine high-pressure turbine blades is dependent upon the formation of a thin, slow-growing, external alumina scale. The adherence of alumina (Al2O3) scales to superalloys or coatings has been shown to be improved by adding an oxygen-active element (Y) or by desulfurization. Studies will be presented that show that cast surfaces are contaminated with sulfur and are more susceptible to high-velocity oxidation than machined surfaces regardless of an oxygen-active-element addition. In addition, the positive effect of oxygen-active elements and desulfurization on the performance of a single-crystal and directionally solidified Ni-base super-alloy in a 1149°C cyclic oxidation test and a 927°C/5 ppm sea-salt Type-I hot-corrosion test will be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Einfluß der Zugabe reaktiver Elemente und der Schwefelentfernung auf die Haftfähigkeit von Aluminiumoxid auf Ni- und Fe-BasislegierungenDer Einfluß der Zugabe reaktiver Elemente auf Aluminiumoxidbildende Legierungen (Einkristall Nickelbasis- und ferritische FeCr-Al-Legierungen) und der Einfluß einer Wasserstoffglühung zur Schwefelentfernung auf die Oxidhaftfähigkeit dieser Legierungen wurde untersucht. Die Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, daß die Entschwefelung durch Wasserstoffglühung zu Verbesserungen bei zyklischer Oxidation führen kann, die vergleichbar der Wirkung bei Dotierung mit reaktiven Elementen ist. Die Ergebnisse haben weiterhin gezeigt, daß während der zyklischen Oxidation von Y-dotiertem. FeCrAl geringere Spannungen erzeugt werden als bei Ti-dotiertem oder entschwefeltem FeCrAl. Dies deutet an, daß sowohl der Wachstumsmechanismus als auch die Festigkeit der Oxid/Legierungs-Grenzfläche die endgültige. Oxidationsmorphologie und den Spannungszustand und damit sicherlich auch die Zeitdauer, die das Aluminiumoxid schützend wirkt, beeinflussen. Es hat sich ebenfalls gezeigt, daß es möglich ist, die Schwefelmenge, die sich an der Legierung/Oxid-Grenzfläche ausscheidet, und den Einfluß der Zugabe reaktiver Elemente bzw. Wasserstoffglühung abzuschätzen. Wenn these Rechnungen in einer mehr quantitativen Form gemacht werden könnten, sollte es möglich sein, Aluminiumoxid-bildende Legierungen mit optimaler Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber zyklischer Oxidation zu entwickeln, z.B. durch Kombination einer geeigneten Entschwefelungsbehandlung mit der Auswahl reaktiver Elemente.
    Notes: The effects of reactive element additions to alumina-forming alloys (single-crystal Ni-base and ferritic Fe-Cr-Al alloys) and the effect of hydrogen annealing to remove sulfur on the oxide adherence to these alloys have been studied. The results have shown that desulfurization by hydrogen annealing can result in improvements in cyclic oxidation comparable to that achieved by doping with reactive elements. The results have also shown that there is less stress generation during the cyclic oxidation of Y-doped FeCrAl compared to Ti-doped or desulfurized FeCrAl. This indicates that the growth mechanism, as well as the strength of the oxide/alloy interface, influences the ultimate oxidation morphology and stress state which will certainly affect the length of time the alumina remains protective. It has been shown to be possible to estimate the amount of sulfur available to segregate to the alloy/oxide interface and how this is influenced by reactive element additions or hydrogen annealing. If these calculations can be made more quantitative it should be possible to engineer alumina-forming alloys for optimum resistance to cyclic oxidation e.g. by combining an appropriate desulfurization treatment and choice of reactive element addition.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1995-02-01
    Print ISSN: 1073-5623
    Electronic ISSN: 1543-1940
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1989-03-01
    Print ISSN: 1073-5623
    Electronic ISSN: 1543-1940
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2010-01-01
    Print ISSN: 1047-4838
    Electronic ISSN: 1543-1851
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: This review is based on the phenomenon of improved oxide scale adhesion for desulfurized superalloys. The proposed adhesion mechanism involves sulfur interfacial segregation and scale-metal bond weakening. Sulfur surface segregation on superalloys is examined as a function of temperature and sulfur content, and is related to the classical behavior predicted by the McLean isotherm. Effective desulfurization to less than 1 ppmw can be accomplished by hydrogen annealing and is described by sulfur diffusion kinetics in nickel. Hydrogen annealing results in excellent cyclic oxidation resistance for a number of advanced superalloys. The concept of a critical sulfur content is discussed in terms of practical annealing conditions and section thicknesses.
    Keywords: SOLID-STATE PHYSICS
    Type: Thin Solid Films (ISSN 0040-6090); 253; 1-2; p. 285-292
    Format: text
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Gravimetric, SEM, and XRD data are presented which document the significant improvement obtainable in the oxidation resistance of Al3Ti-containing alloys through additions of Cr. The L1(2) Al(67)Cr(8)Ti25 alloy exhibited excellent cyclic oxidation resistance at 1473 K, with the primary oxide formed being the ideally protective alpha-Al2O3. The Al(67)Mn(8)Ti(25) alloy also tested for comparison exhibited poor cyclic oxidation resistance, with substantial occurrence of TiO2 in the protective scales. Catastrophic oxidation was also encountered in the quaternary alloy Al(67)Mn(8)Ti(22)V(3).
    Keywords: METALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia (ISSN 0956-716X); 25; 727-731
    Format: text
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Sintered alpha-SiC was examined in both oxidation and hot corrosion with a burner rig at 400 kPa (4 atm) and 1000 C with a flow velocity of 94 m/s. Oxidation tests for times to 46 h produced virtually no attack, whereas tests with 4 ppm Na produced extensive corrosion in 13.5 h. Thick glassy layers composed primarily of sodium silicate formed in the salt corrosion tests. This corrosion attack caused severe pitting on the silicon carbide substrate and led to a 32 percent decrease in strength, compared to the as-received material. Parallel furnace tests of Na2SO4/air-induced attack yielded basically similar results, with slight product composition differences. The differences are explained in terms of the continuous sulfate deposition which occurs in a burner rig.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: Advanced Ceramic Materials (ISSN 0883-5551); 1; 154-161
    Format: text
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