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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular and subcellular localization of calcium in gravistimulated oat coleoptiles and its possible significance in the establishment of tropic curvature (1983)
    Springer
    Planta 157 (1983), S. 481-492 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Avena (gravitropism and Ca) ; Calcium localization ; Coleoptile, gravitropic bending ; Gravitropism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Light—and electron-microscopic studies of the distribution of calcium in gravitropically responding oat (Avena sativa L. cv. “Garry”) coleoptiles are described. A modification of the antimonate precipitation procedure was used to localize tissue calcium in situ. An accumulation of Ca in the upper halves of horizontal, gravistimulated coleoptiles is seen within 10 min of stimulus onset. A pronounced redistribution of Ca to the upper side occurs within 30 min; although the localization of this cation is not uniform along the organ axis and in the apical region, Ca appears to accumulate along the lower side. The observed asymmetric distribution of Ca in these tissues precedes large-scale visible bending by 20–30 min, but is temporally well-correlated with differential growth responses in the coleoptile, as measured by more sensitive quantitative techniques. Gravitropic curvature is well developed by 3 h and is accompanied by further redistribution of Ca to tissues along the upper coleoptile half, centered around the bend. Ultrastructural localization studies indicate that Ca asymmetry results primarily from changes in the distribution of Ca within the apoplastic compartment. Large amounts of Ca accumulate at the cuticle in epidermal cell walls and in the walls of the underlying parenchyma cells at the upper side of the organ in the region of maximal bending. The differential growth response resulting in the establishment of gravitropic curvature may largely be the consequence of antagonistic effects of Ca on auxin-mediated cell wall loosening and elongation growth processes at the upper side of the organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396878
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron-microscopic cytochemical localization of diamine and polyamine oxidases in pea and maize tissues (1991)
    Springer
    Planta 183 (1991), S. 443-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cell wall ; Polyamine ; Diamine oxidase ; Polyamine oxidase ; Pisum (diamine oxidase) ; Zea (polyamine oxidase)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An electron-microscopic cytochemical method was used to localize diamine oxidase (DAO) in pea and polyamine oxidase (PAO) in maize (Zea mays L.). The method, based on the precipitation of amine-oxidase-generated H2O2 by CeCl3, was shown to be specific for DAO and PAO and permitted their localization in plant tissues with a high degree of resolution. Both enzymes are localized exclusively in the cell wall. Both DAO- and PAO-activity staining is most intense in the middle lamellar region of the wall and in cells exhibiting highly lignified walls. The oxidases could provide H2O2 for peroxidase-mediated cross-linking reactions in the cell wall and may, in this capacity, play a role in the regulation of plant growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197744
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Putrescine carbamoyltransferase activity in pea is associated with the ornithine carbamoyltransferase polypeptide and is not involved in putrescine synthesis under physiological conditions (1993)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 12 (1993), S. 237-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: ornithine carbamoyltransferase ; Pisum sativum ; pea ; polyamine biosynthesis ; putrescine ; putrescine carbamoyltransferase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Putrescine carbamoyltransferase (PutCT) has been postulated to function in the synthesis of putrescine (Put) from an N-carbamoylputrescine (NCPut) intermediate in plants. In pea, PutCT activity was associated entirely with ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OCT) protein, which was purified to homogeneity using an immobilized transition-state analog inhibitor (δ N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-ornithine). No evidence for a separate PutCT enzyme, similar to that in Streptococcus [15], or PutCT activity associated with a ‘putrescine synthase’-type multifunctional enzyme [13] was found. OCT carried out the carbamoylation of Put and other diamine and polyamine substrates inefficiently and at non-physiological pH (Put carbamoylation: pH 10.8 optimum, Vmax 0.11 μkat/mg protein, Km=6.7 mM for Put and 1.0 mM for carbamoyl-P), when compared with ornithine carbamoylation (pH 8.5 optimum, Vmax=313.9 μkat/mg protein, Km=4.4 mM for ornithine and 0.6 mM for carbamoyl-P). Different subcellular compartmentation of PutCT activity (chloroplast) and the NCPut substrate (cytosol), coupled with a thermodynamically-unfavorable reverse reaction (i.e., Put synthesis from NCPut), suggest that the OCT-associated PutCT activity does not significantly contribute to in vivo Put synthesis in plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027204
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  • 4
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    Phytochrome induces photoreversible calcium fluxes in a purified mitochondrial fraction from oats (1981)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 5
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    Cellular and subcellular localization of calcium in gravistimulated oat coleoptiles and its possible significance in the establishment of tropic curvature (1983)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-0935
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-2048
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 6
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    Electron-microscopic cytochemical localization of diamine and polyamine oxidases in pea and maize tissues (1991)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1991-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-0935
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-2048
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
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    Improved method for HPLC analysis of polyamines, agmatine and aromatic monoamines in plant tissue (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method of Flores and Galston (1982 Plant Physiol 69: 701) for the separation and quantitation of benzoylated polyamines in plant tissues has been widely adopted by other workers. However, due to previously unrecognized problems associated with the derivatization of agmatine, this important intermediate in plant polyamine metabolism cannot be quantitated using this method. Also, two polyamines, putrescine and diaminopropane, also are not well resolved using this method. A simple modification of the original HPLC procedure greatly improves the separation and quantitation of these amines, and further allows the simulation analysis of phenethylamine and tyramine, which are major monoamine constituents of tobacco and other plant tissues. We have used this modified HPLC method to characterize amine titers in suspension cultured carrot (Daucas carota L.) cells and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaf tissues.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Plant physiology (ISSN 0032-0889); Volume 89; 512-7
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Polyamines as Possible Modulators of Gravity-induced Calcium Transport in Plants (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-04
    Description: Data from various laboratories indicate a probable relationship between calcium movement and some aspects of graviperception and tropistic bending responses. The movement of calcium in response to gravistimulation appears to be rapid, polar and opposite in direction to polar auxin transport. What might be the cause of such rapid Ca(2+) movement? Data from studies on polyamine (PA) metabolism may furnish a clue. A transient increase in the activity of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and titers of various PAs occurs within 60 seconds after hormonal stimulation of animal cells, followed by Ca(2+) transport out of the cells. Through the use of specific inhibitors, it was shown that the enhanced PA synthesis from ODC was essential not only for Ca(2+) transport, but also for Ca(2+) transport-dependent endocytosis and the movement of hexoses and amino acids across the plasmalemma. In plants, rapid changes in arginine decarboxylase (ADC) activity occur in response to various plant stresses. Physical stresses associated with gravisensor displacement and reorientation of a plant in the gravitational field could similarly activate ADC and that resultant increases in PA levels might initiate transient perturbations in Ca(2+) homeostasis.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Washington NASA Space Biol. Program:; p 15
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    A comparative study of monocot and dicot root development in normal /earth/ and hypogravity /space/ environments (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The anatomy and fine structure of roots from oat and mung bean seedlings grown under hypogravity conditions aboard NASA's Space Shuttle were examined and compared to those of roots from ground control plants grown under similar conditions. Oat roots from both sets of plants exhibited normal tissue organization and ultrastructural features, with the exception of cortex cell mitochondria, which characteristically showed a 'swollen' morphology. Flight-grown mung bean roots differed significantly from the controls in that root cap cells were somewhat disorganized and degraded in appearance, especially at the cap periphery. At the EM level, these cells exhibited a loss organelle integrity and a condensed cytoplasm. The potential significance of this finding for the putative gravity-sensing cap cells were noted.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
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  • 10
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    Purification and characterization of ornithine transcarbamylase from pea (Pisum sativum L.) (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Pea (Pisum sativum) ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) was purified to homogeneity from leaf homogenates in a single-step procedure, using delta-N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-ornithine-Sepharose 6B affinity chromatography. The 1581-fold purified OTC enzyme exhibited a specific activity of 139 micromoles citrulline per minute per milligram of protein at 37 degrees C, pH 8.5. Pea OTC represents approximately 0.05% of the total soluble protein in the leaf. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was approximately 108,200, as estimated by Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration chromatography. The purified protein ran as a single molecular weight band of 36,500 in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These results suggest that the pea OTC is a trimer of identical subunits. The overall amino acid composition of pea OTC is similar to that found in other eukaryotic and prokaryotic OTCs, but the number of arginine residues is approximately twofold higher. The increased number of arginine residues probably accounts for the observed isoelectric point of 7.6 for the pea enzyme, which is considerably more basic than isoelectric point values that have been reported for other OTCs.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Plant physiology (ISSN 0032-0889); 96; 262-8
    Format: text
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