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  • 1
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    A method to culture immature embryos of Populusdeltoidesinvitro (1984)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-12-01
    Description: Immature embryos were excised from capsules of Populusdeltoides Bartr. ex Marsh, resulting from the artificial pollination of female branches maintained in moist soil. Embryos excised 10–21 days postpollination produced multiple shoots (2–30) when cultured on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium. Embryos 28–35 days postpollination produced single or multiple shoots when cultured on the same medium. Embryos grown in reduced light produced more vigorous shoots than embryos grown at higher light intensities. The addition of glutamine to the medium in reduced light stimulated the embryos to thicken and increased the quality of the shoots produced. The methods described may be useful in rescuing embryos resulting from artificial hybridization in cases where they might otherwise be lost.
    Print ISSN: 0045-5067
    Electronic ISSN: 1208-6037
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Callus formation from Malus x domestica cv. ‘Jonathan’ protoplasts (1984)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 3 (1984), S. 142-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Protoplasts could be successfully isolated and cultured from callus and suspension cultures of Malus xdomestica cv. ‘Jonathan’. Protoplast-derived colonies were recovered when the osmoticum (glucose) was gradually reduced in semi-solid 8p medium or by the use of feeder plates. Formation of embryo-like structures was induced from the protoplast-derived callus on media supplemented with IAA and BA. These structures formed roots but plants failed to develop. Protoplasts could be isolated from leaves, but not from stems or petioles. The leaf protoplasts failed to divide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270208
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of tissue culture medium pH as a function of autoclaving, time, and cultured plant material (1986)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 5 (1986), S. 292-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Autoclaving is a standard procedure for sterilizing nutrient media for plant tissue cultures. Most tissue cultures are grown at pH 5.2 to 5.8 with pH adjustments being made prior to autoclaving. This paper reports that there are significant differences between initial pH levels and pH levels following autoclaving, particularly in the pH range of 5.7 to 8.5. This effect is noted with and without agar. In addition, we report that with time the pH of the medium drifts into the acid range. When Cucumis callus was added to the medium, the pH was changed significantly within 48 hours. The amount and direction (increase or decrease of pH) was significantly correlated with the original pH. This suggests that researchers should be wary of the true pH situation in their medium. In addition, in publications authors should specify whether their medium pH value was determined before or after autoclaving.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00269825
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A liquid culture method for rescuing immature embryos of eastern cottonwood (1987)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 10 (1987), S. 221-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Embryo culture ; Embryo rescue ; Ovule culture ; Populus deltoides Bartr.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A one-step method to rescue immature embryos of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) is described. Plantlets developed from 83% of 25-day-old embryos grown in shaken culture on Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium with 2.2 μm indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and from 86% of embryos not supplemented with IAA. In contrast, when the MS medium was solidified with 0.8% agar, plantlets developed from 25% of 25-day-old embryos cultured on medium supplemented with IAA and from 28% of embryos in medium not supplemented with IAA. Eighty eight percent of all plantlets survived a gradual acclimitization to peat plugs in a greenhouse. The one-step liquid-culture method is an effective means of rescuing immature embryos by ovule culture from excised artificially-pollinated female branches in our cottonwood breeding program.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037306
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histogenic layer manipulation in chimeral ‘Thornless Evergreen’ trailing blackberry (1983)
    Springer
    Euphytica 32 (1983), S. 351-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Rubus laciniatus ; thornless blackberry ; brambles ; tissue culture ; chimera ; in vitro ; breeding ; mutation ; variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary ‘Thornless Evergreen’ blackberry (Rubus laciniatus Willd.) is a periclinal chimera in which the epidermis has mutated to a thornless phenotype while the internal portions of the plant possess the wild thorny genotype. Shoot tips were used to establish a source of experimental material. Nine hundred plants of ‘Thornless Evergreen’ were proliferated and rooted in vitro in an effort to locate a chimeral rearrangement and/or a pure thornless plant. When these tissue culture propagated plants were grown in the greenhouse, two predominant plant types were observed; about 53% of the propagules showed a normal vining growth habit while the other 47% of the plants were dwarfed due to shortened internodes. Adventitious shoots from isolated root segments of the normal plants were thorny, while those from many of the dwarfed plants had developed from epidermal cells of the parent. Such plants of epidermal origin are no longer chimeral but are of pure thornless genotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021443
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of tissue culture-derived ‘Gala’ and ‘Royal Gala’ apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.) for somaclonal variation (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 103 (1998), S. 251-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Malus ; somaclonal variation ; tissue culture ; in vitro
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract To assess somaclonal variation, ‘Gala’ and ‘Royal Gala’ trees obtained via axillary and adventitious bud formation were compared ex vitro to conventionally grafted trees. In general, tissue culture-derived trees were relatively erect in comparison to grafted trees. Their branch angles were narrower than those of grafted trees. All trees that flowered had pink blossoms. There were no obvious differences in flowering time or in floral morphology. Most of the seven-year-old grafted control trees produced more fruits than either axillary or regenerated trees. Although there were differences in the range of fruit color between ‘Royal Gala’ and ‘Gala’ apples in both the control and tissue culture-derived plants (the fruits of ‘Royal Gala’ were darker red and more striped than those of ‘Gala’) and also in the degree of pigmentation from tree-to-tree, none of the variation exceeded that observed among apples harvested from an individual ‘Royal Gala’ or ‘Gala’ control tree for either the plants derived from axillary buds or adventitiously. Since both ‘Gala’ and ‘Royal Gala’ axillary buds showed very little somaclonal variation for the morphological and reproductive traits we studied, it appears that tissue culture may be a useful way to propagate these cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018316422435
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural and induced variation in tissue culture (1978)
    Springer
    Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 241-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Tissue culture ; variation ; clone plant breeding ; mutagens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary This literature review suggests a novel approach to intra-clonal plant improvement which will utilize both the natural and induced variation associated with clonally propagated plants through various in vitro and in vivo procedures. Many plants obtained in this manner will be of single-cell origin and, hence, of pure mutant type avoiding the traditional chimerism phenomena of mutation breeding studies. While such a system of plant breeding is not intended to replace conventional breeding methods for most crops, it may have special use for the plant breeder who is working with crops which are unique, highly-adapted, or in which the sexual apparatus is disturbed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00039141
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somaclonal variation among ex vitro ‘Thornless Evergreen’ trailing blackberries (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 42 (1989), S. 155-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Rubus laciniatus ; thornless blackberry ; brambles ; tissue culture ; periclinal chimera ; in vitro ; ex vitro ; somaclonal variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary ‘Thornless Evergreen’ (TE) blackberry (Rubus laciniatus Willd.) is a periclinal chimera in which the epidermis has mutated to thornlessness (designated ‘t’), while the internal portions of the plant remain genetically thorny (tTT). Over 300 ex vitro plants (from shoot tip cultures of TE) were established in the field and observed over two fruiting seasons for various vegetative traits and fruiting characteristics. Both parental types and variants were included in the field plantings. Plants were evaluated for growth habit, vigor, flowering, and fruiting traits. Continuous variation for growth habit, vigor, flower number, and fertility was observed. Some of the variation could be explained in terms of chimeral segregation (pure thornless vs. chimeral types). Tissue culture-induced (somaclonal) variation was assumed to be the source of most of the other variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042627
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