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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water Quality at a Sludge Entrenchment Site (1978)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 16 (1978), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Surface-water and ground-water quality were evaluated at a site before and for four years after the area was used for entrenchment of sewage sludge. The soils in the area are sandy and are underlain by a clay barrier. Depth of the water table which in most instances is above the clay barrier is from 1.0 to 13.0 m. Water samples taken from monitoring wells, two drainage tiles located along the perimeter of the sludge trenches, a catchment pond and a nearby stream were analyzed for NO3-N, NH4-N, and CI. Increases in Cl concentrations were detected in shallow wells within the trench site perimeter 12 months after sludge entrenchment. Chloride levels peaked approximately 18 months after entrenchment and levels declined but not to background levels four years after entrenchment. Nitrate levels increased in shallow wells located within or near the trench site perimeter at 18 months after entrenchment and peaked at 30 months. Decreases in NO3-N occurred thereafter but had not reached background levels in some wells. Ammonium increases were also detected in wells recording Cl and NO3-N increases but NH4-N increases were inconsistent. Increases in Cl and NO3-N levels were recorded in wells potentially below the trench area, but these levels were less than those recorded for wells within the trench site perimeter. The data from this study indicate that contamination of ground water by leachate from sludge trenches was within the trench site perimeter with a lesser degree of contamination recorded in wells below the trench site. The drainage tiles and clay barrier may have had a significant effect on the resulting ground-water data, and caution is advised in extrapolating these results to other locations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1978.tb03208.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Septic Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Test System (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 14 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: An individual home waste nitrogen and phosphorus removal system was evaluated in the laboratory. The gravity flow system consisted of a 10 × 60 cm (4 × 24 in) vertical Plainfield sand column followed by a series of 8 × 32 cm (3 × 12 in) horizontal columns filled with calcite (CaCO3) or dolomite (Ca MgCO3). Nitrogen removal was attempted using a nitrification-denitrification system where methanol was used as an energy source and P removal was attempted using calcite and dolomite. Separate experiments running from 4 to 6 months were used to test various diameter calcite and dolomite. The phosphorus removal system was also the site of denitrification and hence was in an anaerobic environment. Nitrogen removal was successful with approximately 60–100% removal in a 1-day residence time after methanol addition. Increased denitrification rates were observed using smaller diameter filling materials but no differences were observed between equal-diameter calcite and dolomite. Phosphorus removal was successful initially but after approximately one month, the ability of the calcite or dolomite to sorb phosphorus was curtailed in a 3-day residence time. Results indicated that calcite was superior to dolomite and smaller diameter material was superior to larger diameter in removing phosphorus. However, it appeared that slime growth and organic anion competition covering the sorption sites on the calcite and dolomite prevented significant phosphorus removal after the first 2 to 3 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1976.tb03120.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    4983729 DNA fragment encoding a rubber polymerase and its use
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Biochemistry 23 (1991), S. viii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-711X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0020-711X(91)90273-P
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme activity in soils showing enhanced degradation of organophosphate insecticides (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 14-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Chlorpyrifos ; Fonofos ; Terbufos ; Phorate ; Dehydrogenase activity ; Phosphatases ; Biodegradation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Studies were conducted to determine whether soils that showed enhanced biodegradation of organophosphate insecticides had significantly different enzyme activities from those in the same soils with no previous exposure to the insecticides. Twenty-one pairs of soils were collected from farms in the Midwest where chlorpyrifos, terbufos, fonofos, or phorate had failed to protect corn (Zea mays L) from corn rootworm (Diabrotica sp). Each soil was analyzed for acid and alkaline phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, phosphotriesterase, and dehydrogenase activities. Over 40% of the insecticide-treated soils had higher acid phosphatase activity than the fence row soils which had no previous exposure to the insecticide. Over twothirds of the soils treated with fonofos had higher acid phosphatase and phosphotriesterase activity than the fence row soils. If these enzymes are not directly involved in the biodegradation of the insecticitde, they may be indicative of enhanced biodegradation and may be used to predict which soils may be prone to insecticide failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335855
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Attempts to determine available carbon in soils (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Fumigation method ; Substrate-induced respiration ; Fulvic acids ; Carbohydrates ; Available C ; Biomass ; Methods of C extraction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The size of the C pool that is readily available to microorganisms affects important N transformations that occur in soils, e.g., denitrification and N immobilization. In the present work, the C content of soil extracts, the C in water displaced from soil and biomass C were compared as indicators of available C. A comparison of C measured by the anthrone method and a total organic-C analysis of extracts indicated that only a small portion of C was in carbohydrates. The substrate-induced respiration method of measuring biomass in conjunction with the Wright-Hobbie model was used as an additional determination of available C. Total organic-C analysis of a 1 N H2SO4 extract gave the highest C values (500–1700 mg C kg-1 soil) and the substrate-induced respiration method gave the lowest (1–5 mg glucose equivalents kg-1 soil). The C values closest to the C turnover measured in long-term incubation studies were obtained by the substrate-induced respiration method using the Wright-Hobbie model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335856
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new growth medium for the study of siderophore-mediated interactions (1989)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 8 (1989), S. 97-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Gaeumannomyces ; Pseudomonas ; Siderophore ; Pseudobactin ; Iron
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A microbial growth medium, RSM, was developed to study the role of siderophores (microbial Fe-transport compounds) in the inhibition of the take-all pathogen, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, by Pseudomonas putida strain B10. The inorganic constituents of the medium were designed to mimic the rhizosphere while the organic composition was designed to promote rapid growth and siderophore production. The antibiosis experiments were highly reproducible and the antagonism appeared to be due to production of pseudobactin, the siderophore of B10. On plates amended with chrome azurol S, G. graminis did not produce siderophores while other fungi did. The growth of G. graminis on plates prepared with Fe chelate buffers was inhibited at a free ferric ion concentration of 10−24.6 M, although three other fungi were not inhibited, even at 10−25.5 M, presumably due to their greater production of siderophores. In liquid medium amended with Fe chelate buffers, both the doubling time and the lag phase of P. putida increased as the free ferric ion concentration was reduced. A wide variety of fungi and bacteria were found to grow on this medium. Because the inorganic composition of RSM is based on that of the rhizosphere, the development of this medium may be a first step towards the study of the chemistry and biology of the rhizosphere under well defined conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257751
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The regulation of ornithine decarboxylase in Neurospora crassa
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Mycology 2 (1978), S. 352-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 0147-5975
    Keywords: [idt] Neurospora crassa ; [idt] Polyamines ; [idt] ornithine decarboxylase ; [idt] putrescine ; [idt] regulation ; [idt] spermidine
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0147-5975(78)80006-1
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rat pancreatic islet cells in primary culture: occurrence of giant cells amenable to patch clamping (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 116-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Pancreas ; islet ; patch clamp ; cell culture ; channels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neonatal and adult rat pancreatic islet cells were maintained in dissociated cell culture for up to three weeks. The unexpected occurrence of giant (40–50 μm) cells was noted, some of which reacted positively to an insulin antiserum, indicating the presence of insulin. The giant cells were amenable to study using the extracellular patch clamp technique, which was used to demonstrate a population of membrane channels gating outwardly directed current in these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02005906
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunocytochemical investigation with monoclonal antibodies to somatostatin (1985)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 83 (1985), S. 175-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Four monoclonal antibodies specific for somatostatin have been produced and characterized. These antibodies were used to assess the anatomical relationship of somatostatin-containing cells in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract of man, baboon and rat with ten other peptide-containing endocrine cells. The peptides investigated were gastrin, cholecystokinin, motilin, secretin, neurotensin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, gut-glucagon, pancreatic glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide and insulin. The only regions in which somatostatin cells were seen in close contact with another endocrine cell were in the pancreas and the gastric antrum. In the pancreas somatostatin cells were commonly seen in close contact with insulin, glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide cells and infrequent contact was demonstrable with the gastrin-immunoreactive cells in the antrum of both rat and man. In all other cases no evidence was obtained for a close anatomical relationship between somatostatin cells and the other enteroendocrine cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00495150
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a detection system for ferric pseudobactin using monoclonal antibodies (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 130 (1991), S. 243-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: biocontrol ; monoclonal antibody ; pseudobactin ; Pseudomonas putida ; siderophore
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Certain root-colonizing fluorescent pseudomonads have been shown to promote plant growth and prevent plant disease in part through the production of siderophores. However, these favorable results have not been reproduced consistently from the laboratory to the greenhouse or from the greenhouse to the field. In some circumstances siderophores appear to play no role in disease prevention. In order to understand the dynamics of competition for iron in the rhizosphere it is essential that the localization and concentration of siderophores produced by both biocontrol agents and plant pathogens be determined. We have produced monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to ferric pseudobactin, the siderophore of plant growth-promoting Pseudomonas B10. Three IgG1 MAbs cross-react with certain ferric pseudobactins but not with others. A competitive ELISA has been developed to detect and quantify ferric pseudobactin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011879
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