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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thiazole Research: Synthesis of 2-Phthalimidomethyl-4-N-diethylamino-methylthiazole (1942)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 64 (1942), S. 90-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01253a023
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure and magnetic properties of rapidly quenched Sm2(Fe,Al,Zr)17C1.5 ribbons with Zr additions (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 6351-6353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of Zr additions on the microstructure and magnetic properties of melt-spun Sm2Fe(15.5−x)ZrxAl1.5C1.5 alloys has been systematically studied. The additions of Zr to Sm2(Fe,Al,Zr)17C1.5 alloys result in the precipitation of a ZrC compound within intergranular regions. It is found that the Zr addition is helpful in eliminating free iron dendrites, and effective on inhibiting grain growth during annealing. The x-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy observation show that annealed ribbons with the Zr addition consist of a multiphase of the 2:17-type carbide, α-Fe and ZrC compound with an average grain size of about 25–35 nm. A remanence of up to 55 emu/g along with a coercivity of up to 11.6 kOe is obtained for Sm2Fe15.3Zr0.2Al1.5C1.5 ribbons annealed at 750 °C for 30 min. It is suggested that the high coercivity and remanence may be attributed to the Zr addition. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366527
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and magnetic evolution of rapidly quenched Sm–Fe–Si–C alloys (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 5054-5056 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Sm2Fe15.5Si1.5C1.5 samples with a rhombohedral Th2Zn17-type structure have been prepared by high frequency induction melting. The crystallization, crystal structure, and magnetic properties of melt-spun and annealed ribbons have been studied by means of x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, differential thermal analysis, and magnetic measurements. The results show that the as-spun ribbons consist mainly of an amorphous phase, and that they crystallize in two steps. Upon annealing at 660 °C the ribbons form a metastable phase of the TbCu7-type and an α-Fe phase. Upon further annealing above 750 °C the metastable phase transforms to a 2:17-type phase coexisting with α-Fe. A saturation magnetization of up to 108 emu/g with a coercivity of up to 3.5 kOe is obtained in the ribbon annealed at 660 °C for 30 min. However, the reduced remanence of the ribbon σr/σs is only 0.6 and its hysteresis loop exhibits two independent magnetic components. Additionally, the grain size of the ribbons obtained by annealing at or above 660 °C for 30 min is much larger than the single domain size. Thus, it appears that there is no significant exchange coupling between the hard and soft magnetic phases of the ribbons. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.366378
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reliability Analysis of Condition Monitoring Systems under Fuzzy Environment (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 44-46 (June 2008), p. 863-870 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: As an important means to improve the reliability of complex manufacturing systems and toensure that they can function better, condition monitoring systems (CMS) are usually designed andused in manufacture industries. And reliability is one of the most important characteristics of CMS.Fuzzy set theory based on reliability modeling and analysis methods for CMS are proposed in thispaper. The methods include a fuzzy graph modeling technique for analyzing the system reliability ofCMS, and fuzzy reliability computing methods to quantify uncertainties in function decomposition ofCMS and compute system reliability of CMS by invoking Fuzzy-set theory and approaches. On theother hand, the fuzzy reliability of CMS based on fuzzy failure subset and confidence level is defined,and system reliability indexes of CMS are set up to compute the system reliability of CMS. A case ofapplication is used to illustrate the procedure
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/40/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.44-46.863.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gearbox Condition Monitoring Based on Curvilinear Component Analysis (2003)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 245-246 (July 2003), p. 249-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/47/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.245-246.249.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxicology Studies of a Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle 〈i〉In Vivo〈/i〉 (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 47-50 (June 2008), p. 1097-1100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Objectives: This report presents toxicological profile available on a superparamagneticiron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticle in vivo
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/41/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.47-50.1097.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of mammalian cell culture bioreactor with a new impeller design (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 40 (1992), S. 260-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: oxygen transfer rate ; high-cell-density culture ; design of a double-screen annular cage impeller ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To improve the oxygen transfer in a mammalian cell bioreactor, a new type of impeller consisting of a double-screen concentric cylindrical cage impeller (annular cage impeller in short) was designed and its mass transfer rate evaluated. This new impeller design increases the specific screen area, and the convective mass transfer rate through the annular cage was significantly increased. The oxygen transfer rates with the new impeller and the commercially available cell-lift impeller (CelliGen by New Brunswick Scientific Co.) were evaluated and their performance compared at various rates of aeration and agitation. The results showed that with the new impeller, the oxygen transfer rate was increased by 19% in water and 21% in cell-free culture medium supplemented with 10% horse serum, the total hybridoma cell concentration was increased to 3.4 × 107 cells/mL, and the IgG1 subtype monoclonal antibody (MAb) product concentration was also increased to 512 mg/L in perfusion culture of murine hybridoma cell line 62′D3. These improvements in oxygen transfer rate, cell concentration, and MAb product concentration are all very significant. The mass transfer resistance in the cell-lift impeller system was found to be mainly due to the surface area of the single-screen cage impeller. The new annular cage impeller not only provided the increased surface area for convective oxygen transfer but also protected cells from hydrodynamic shear damage, thereby achieving a significant bioprocess improvement in terms of higher viable cell concentration, higher product concentration, and higher oxygen transfer rate in the mammalian cell bioreactor system.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260400210
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a pH-inducible promoter system for high-level expression of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 47 (1995), S. 186-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: promoter system ; recombinant proteins ; Escherichia coli ; plasmid construct ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A pH-inducible promoter system was characterized and its potential applicability in recombinant protein production was evaluated using a plasmid construct, pSM552-545C-, in which the promoter and activator coding sequences of the cad operon were inserted into the upstream region of a lacZ′ reporter gene. Graded gene expression levels with respect to culture pH between 8.0 and 5.5 were observed and the induction range can be as high as 200-fold. The effects of several cultivation parameters, including pH, temperature, induction cell density, and inoculum size, were systematically examined. The practical application of this expression system to high level production of recombinant proteins was successfully demonstrated using a rich medium, superbroth. An extremely high recombinant protein productivity at a value of approximately 1.4 g/L with a specific expression level as high as 35% of total cellular protein can be obtained in a simple batch cultivation. The behavior of this expression system was further investigated using chemostat cultures. An uncommon relationship between the volumetric or specific recombinant protein activity and the dilution rate, with a maximal activity at a dilution rate of approximately 0.4 h-1was observed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260470210
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoclonal antibody productivity and the metabolic pattern of perfusion cultures under varying oxygen tensions (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 430-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: high-cell-density perfusion cultivation ; MAb productivity ; metabolic pattern ; oxygen effect ; hydrodynamic shear ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The metabolic pattern and cell culture kinetics of high-cell-density perfusion cultures were compared under two different oxygen transfer conditions: oxygen limiting and not limiting. When oxygen was a limiting factor during perfusion culture, both specific glucose uptake and lactate production rates increased, compared to non-oxygen-limited condition, by about 60% and 30%, respectively. The specific glutamine uptake rate under oxygen-limited conditions was almost 4.0 times higher than that under non-oxygen-limited conditions. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released into the medium by the dead cells can be used as an indicator for the metabolic and physiological conditions related to oxygen limitation. There was a 3.2 times higher specific rate of LDH activity released by dead cells in oxygen-limited cultures than those in non-oxygen-limited cultures. The specific production rate of monoclonal antibody was not significantly affected by the oxygen transfer conditions during the rapid cell growth period, but it rapidly increased toward the end of perfusion cultures. The higher perfusion rate may have limited further cell growth during high-cell-density perfusion culture, because cell damage was caused by the hydrodynamic shear within a hollow fiber microfiltration cartridge installed to withdraw the spent medium and the waste metabolites. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260420405
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of oxygen and ethanol on recombinant yeast fermentation for hepatitis B virus surface antigen production: Modeling and simulation studies (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 41 (1993), S. 55-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: estimation of state variables ; recombinant Saccharomyces carevisiae ; HBsAg expression ; extended kalman filter ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A model was formulated to examine the competitive growth of two phenotypes (Leu+ and Leu-) and the product formation with recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain DBY-745, which contains the shuttle vector pYGH3-16-s with the foreign gene HBsAg (hepatitis B virus surface antigen) as well as experimental fedbatch fermentation data. The important state variables and the process parameters evaluated include (1) the ratio of the plasmid-free cell concentration to the plasmid-containing cell concentration (ρ = X-X+), (2) the expression of human hepatitis B surface antigen g (CH), (3) the glucose consumption (S), (4) the ethanol production (/), (5) the change of working volume (V) in the fermentor, (6) the different specific growth rates of two phenotype cells, and (7) the plasmid loss frequency coefficient (α ). These variables and other parameters were carefully defined, their correlations were studied, and a mathematical model using a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) for fed-batch fermentation was then obtained based on the theoretical considerations and the experimental results. The extended Kalman filter (EKF) methods was applied for the best estimate of these variables based on the experimentally observable variables: ρV, and g (CH). Each of these variable was affected by random measuring errors under the different operating conditions. Simulation results presented for verification of the model agreed with our observations and provided useful information relevant to the operation and the control of the fedbatch recombinant yeast fermentation. The method of predicting an optimal profile of the cell growth was also demonstrated under the different dissolved oxygen concentrations. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260410108
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