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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of an infrared frequency of the C4 molecule (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 5115-5116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Fourier transform infrared isotopic study of the products from the vacuum ultraviolet photolysis of diacetylene and 1,3-butadiene trapped in solid argon has enabled the identification of the 1543.4 cm−1 frequency as a vibration of the C4 molecule. The assignment is confirmed by the observation of the frequencies for seven carbon-13 substituted isotopomers of the molecule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457603
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A C≡C stretching vibration of the C6H (hexatriynyl) radical in Ar at 10 K (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 6224-6228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of the products of the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photolysis of acetylene and 1,3-butadiene trapped in solid Ar has resulted in the identification of a vibration of the C6H (hexatriynyl) radical at 1953.4 cm−1. The spectra of various D and 13C isotopomers of C6H produced from isotopically substituted precursors have been observed. The complex, overlapping spectra resulting from partial 13C substitution have been fitted using a force constant adjustment calculation and support the assignment of the 1953.4 cm−1 absorption to a C≡C stretching fundamental of linear C6H. The results of an ROHF/6-31G* ab initio calculation of the vibrational frequencies for the fundamentals of linear C6H are also reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.461568
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fourier transform far infrared spectroscopy of a C4 bending mode (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 820-823 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of the Fourier transform far infrared spectrum of the C4 radical produced by trapping the products of the vacuum ultraviolet photolysis of 1,3-butadiene and acetylene in Ar at 10 K has resulted in the identification for the first time of a bending vibration at 172.4 cm−1. The assignment is confirmed by 13C isotopic data; is consistent with the earlier identification of the antisymmetric C=C stretching mode at 1543.4 cm−1; and is in agreement with the predictions of ab initio calculations for linear C4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.461088
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A combination band at 1699.8 cm−1 for C4 trapped in Ar (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 2395-2400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An absorption has been detected at 1699.8 cm−1 in the midinfrared spectrum of the vacuum ultraviolet photolysis products of 1,3-butadiene (C4H6) trapped in Ar at 10 K, which on the basis of extensive13 C-substitution experiments is shown to belong to the C4 carbon chain. The behavior of the new band correlates closely with the ν2, C(large-closed-square)C stretching vibration of linear C4 at 1543.4 cm−1 identified in an earlier paper. It is argued that the 1699.8 cm−1 absorption is a combination band involving the C(large-closed-square)C stretching vibration and a bending mode of C4, with a cis-bent structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.459863
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fourier transform spectroscopy of C4H (butadiynyl) in Ar at 10 K: C–H and C≡C stretching modes (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 1597-1603 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) isotopic study of the C4H (butadiynyl) radical produced by trapping the products from the vacuum ultraviolet photolysis of diacetylene (C4H2) and 1,3-butadiene (C4H6) in solid argon at 10 K has been carried out in the midinfrared from 400–3900 cm−1. A variety of carbon-13 and deuterium substituted C4H2 and C4H6 parent molecules were used to produce various isotopomers of C4H. On the basis of their isotopic behavior two absorptions at 3307.4 and 2083.9 cm−1 have been assigned to the ν1, C–H stretching and ν2, C 3/4 C stretching modes. The previous identification of the other C 3/4 C stretching mode, ν3=2060.6 cm−1, which was based on the effects of deuteration, has been confirmed and the corresponding frequencies for various 13C-substituted isotopomers have been measured. The following frequencies have been obtained for ν1, ν2, and ν3 for C4H isotopomers: 3307.2, 2078.9, and 2023.8 cm−1 for H–C 3/4 C–C 3/4 13C; 3307.2, 2069.9, and 2032.5 cm−1 for H–C 3/4 C–13C 3/4 C; 3307.2, 2066.8, and 2054.0 cm−1 for H–C 3/4 13C–C 3/4 C; 3293.3, 2048.9, and 2057.4 cm−1 for H–13C 3/4 C–C 3/4 C; 3292.5, 2050.6, and 2024.6 cm−1 for H–13C 3/4 C–C 3/4 13C; 3292.5, 2050.6, and 2030.0 cm−1 for H–13C 3/4 C–13C 3/4 C; 3306.3, 2063.3, and 2019.5 cm−1 for H–C 3/4 13C–C 3/4 13C; 3306.3, 2050.6, and 2018.0 cm−1 for H–C 3/4 13C–13C 3/4 C; 3290.1, 2007.9, and 1981.6 cm−1 for H–13C 3/4 13C–13C 3/4 13C; and 2579.3, 2056.5, and 2049.7 cm−1 for D–C 3/4 C–C 3/4 C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.459138
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The condition for cutoff layer vanishing in minority fundamental heating (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 609-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dispersion relation of a fast wave in a thermal (minority) hydrogen–deuterium plasma is investigated near the ion cyclotron frequency of hydrogen. It is found that the plasma shield for waves between the two-ion hybrid resonance and the minority fundamental resonance may be reduced by the thermal effects of plasma. By using zero Larmor radius approximations, the condition for cutoff layer vanishing due to the thermal effects of plasma is obtained analytically. The formula derived is compared with the numerical results from the full thermal-plasma dispersion relation, and excellent agreement is found. The results show that the cutoff layer may disappear in practical minority hydrogen–deuterium heating experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870805
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The magnetic anisotropy and domain structure of permalloy antidot arrays (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6322-6324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic properties of antidot arrays in permalloy films were studied using magnetic force microscopy (MFM), the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE), and torque magnetometry. New observations of the magnetic domain structure, magnetization reversal process, and magnetic anisotropy are presented. Magnetic domains were imaged during magnetization reversal to identify the magnetization switching processes with the field applied along the diagonal and the edge of the hole mesh. A four-fold anisotropy related to the confinement of domains by the hole mesh was observed by torque magnetometry at intermediate fields. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372693
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The growth of nanoscale structured iron films by glancing angle deposition (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5486-5488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Chiral nanostructured thin films can be produced through precise control of the angle of incidence of a vapor flux concurrent with substrate rotation. The technique has been employed to create unique porous iron thin film structures on Si(100) with a columnar microstructure. Scanning electron microscopy images illustrate columnar iron films produced with azimuthal rotation during sample growth with the incident flux at an angle of 75° with respect to the surface normal. The columns were found to be well isolated with a narrow distribution of diameters, resulting in aspect ratios of approximately 8 to 1. Hysteresis loops reveal the columnar growth induced a large magnetic shape anisotropy relative to that observed for an iron film grown with normal incidence. The evolution of the columnar microstructure was followed from simple oblique deposition (no substrate rotation), giving a fibrous slanted microstructure, to high-speed rotation where a broad size distribution of highly faceted columnar structures was observed. The measured microstructure is related to the observed magnetic properties. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369870
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical interference in magneto-optic Kerr-effect measurements of magnetic multilayers (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 1658-1662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Hysteresis loops of exchange-biased permalloy/Fe50Mn50/permalloy trilayers on glass were measured as a function of Fe50Mn50 and permalloy thicknesses with the longitudinal Kerr effect employing a coherent light source. Kerr signals originate from both permalloy layers and give a superposition of hysteresis loops. In vibrating sample magnetometer or looptracer measurements the contribution of a particular layer to a major hysteresis loop cannot be identified. With the Kerr setup presented it is possible to identify the contribution of each layer individually, since the finite optical path through the trilayer gives rise to optical attenuation and interference. For an increasing total thickness of the trilayer, the signal of the buried permalloy layer will become weaker due to attenuation. Kerr measurements of trilayers up to 40 nm show a superposition of two equally oriented loops. Major loops for trilayers of thickness greater than 40 nm show a superposition of two oppositely oriented hysteresis loops. The transition is dependent only on the total thickness of the trilayer, rather than the thickness of each individual layer. This unusual effect can be explained by the phase difference of the two Kerr signals. Additional measurements performed from the glass side of the samples and measurements of a Fe50Mn50/permalloy bilayer confirm that the sense of a hysteresis loop can change for a buried layer due to optical effects. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369301
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elimination of loading reverberation in the split Hopkinson torsional bar (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 5298-5304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The loading reverberation is a multiple wave effect on the specimen in the split Hopkinson torsional bar (SHTB). Its existence intensively destroys the microstructure pattern in the tested material, and therefore, interferes with the study correlating the deformed microstructure to the macroscopic stress–strain response. This paper discusses the problem of the loading reverberation and its effects on the post-mortem observations in the SHTB experiment. The cause of the loading reverberation is illustrated by a stress wave analysis. The modification of the standard SHTB is introduced, which involves attaching two unloading bars at the two ends of the original main bar system and adopting a new loading head and a couple of specially designed clutches. The clutches are placed between the main bar system and the unloading bars in order to lead the secondary loading wave out of the main bar system and to cut off the connection in a timely manner. The loading head of the standard torsional bar was redesigned by using a tube-type loading device associated with a ratchet system to ensure the exclusion of the reflected wave. Thus, the secondary loading waves were wholly trapped in the two unloading bars. The wave recording results and the contrasting experiments for examining the post-mortem microstructure during shear banding both before and after the modification highly support the effectiveness of the modified version. The modified SHTB realizes a single wave pulse loading process and will become a useful tool for investigating the relation between the deformed microstructure and the macroscopic stress–strain response. It will play an important role especially in the study of the evolution of the microstructure during the shear banding process. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146102
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