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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative karyology and evolution of the Amazonian Callithrix (Platyrrhini, Primates) (1996)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 104 (1996), S. 348-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Chromosomal studies in three species of Amazonian Callithrix (2n=44) and data in the literature show that this group is karyomonotypic. Moreover, it is characterized by the presence of abundant heterochromatic regions, unlike the situation in congeneric forms of Callithrix of the Atlantic coast with 2n=46, and by the presence of a highly repetitive, exclusive DNA component, with a basic repeat motif of 1528 bp. Karyotypic comparisons with other Callitrichids and an outgroup species showed that Callitrichids are karyologically conserved and explained several rearrangements that had presumably occurred during their phyletic radiation. Analyses of karyologic data enabled the construction of two alternative phylogenetic topologies. The lack of derived homoeologies, common to all members of the genus Callithrix grouped at present, and the fact that Amazonian species were more similar to Cebuella pygmaea (2n=44) than to their congeneric forms with 2n=46 suggested that species at present included in the Amazonian Callithrix should be grouped with C. pygmaea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337224
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative karyology and evolution of the Amazonian Callithrix (Platyrrhini, Primates) (1996)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 104 (1996), S. 348-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chromosomal studies in three species of Amazonian Callithrix (2n=44) and data in the literature show that this group is karyomonotypic. Moreover, it is characterized by the presence of abundant heterochromatic regions, unlike the situation in congeneric forms of Callithrix of the Atlantic coast with 2n=46, and by the presence of a highly repetitive, exclusive DNA component, with a basic repeat motif of 1528 bp. Karyotypic comparisons with other Callitrichids and an outgroup species showed that Callitrichids are karyologically conserved and explained several rearrangements that had presumably occurred during their phyletic radiation. Analyses of karyologic data enabled the construction of two alternative phylogenetic topologies. The lack of derived homoeologies, common to all members of the genus Callithrix grouped at present, and the fact that Amazonian species were more similar to Cebuella pygmaea (2n=44) than to their congeneric forms with 2n=46 suggested that species at present included in the Amazonian Callithrix should be grouped with C. pygmaea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337224
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative gene assignment in Ateles paniscus chamek (Platyrrhini, Primates) and man: association of three separate human syntenic groups and evolutionary considerations (1998)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 107 (1998), S. 73-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract.  Regional assignment of eight markers to chromosome 2 of Ateles paniscus chamek (APC) confirmed a syntenic association similar to human (HSA) 12q + 14q + 15q. Three HSA 12q markers (RAP1B, PAH and ALDH2) were allocated to a shortest region of overlap (SRO) in APC 2p and found to be syntenic to other HSA 12q markers (PEPB and TCF1). Five HSA 14q markers (CTLA, PAX9, NSP, FOS and CHGA) were allocated to APC 2q and found to be syntenic to other HSA 14q markers (NP, TGM1, and CALM1) and to four HSA 15q markers (THBS1, B2M, HEXA and MPI) but dissociated from markers close to HSA 14qter (CKB) and HSA 15qter (FES-IDH2). Karyotypic comparisons showed an evident homoeology between APC 2p and HSA 12q while APC 2q was similar to an HSA 14qter::HSA 15qter fusion product. Comparative gene mapping data show that the HSA 14q + HSA 15q syntenic association is an ancestral mammalian gene cluster that has been maintained in several primate taxa. Conversely, in Ateles, it has been further associated with HSA 12q while, in Hominoids and Cebus, it has been independently dissociated into two separate syntenic groups, similar to HSA 14q and HSA 15q.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050282
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β 2 -microglobulin in neotropical primates (Platyrrhini) (1998)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 48 (1998), S. 133-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words β2-microglobulin ; Primates ; Evolution ; Diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Nucleotide sequences for the three exons of the β2-microglobulin (β2m) gene (B2m) were determined for 135 animals representing 37 species and all 16 genera of neotropical primates (Platyrrhini). Twenty-eight different nucleotide sequences, encoding for 26 different proteins, were obtained. In comparison with those of other primate species, the β2-microglobulins of the Platyrrhini form a distinct clade. Individual genera of neotropical primates have distinctive B2m sequences, but within a genera species can have either the same or different B2m sequences. B2m polymorphism was found within three of the species sampled: Callicebus personatus, Saguinus midas, and Aotus azarae. Of these only the polymorphism in A. azarae has an effect upon the mature, functional β2m protein: residue 4 being either alanine or threonine. The A. azarae B2m allele encoding alanine at position 4 is shared with another species of Aotus (A. infulatus). In pairwise comparison the mature β2m proteins of neotropical primates differ by 1–9 amino acid substitutions which can occur at 18 positions within the sequence. The substitutions are distributed throughout the primary structure but are more commonly found in loops rather than β strands of the tertiary structure. Of 17 residues of β2m which hydrogen-bond with the class I heavy chain in human MHC class I molecules, 13 are conserved in the neotropical primates. The overall pattern of sequence variation in the B2m genes of the Platyrrhini is consistent with an evolution by successive selectively neutral events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050413
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residue 3 of β2-microglobulin affects binding of class I MHC molecules by the W6/32 antibody (1999)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 49 (1999), S. 312-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words β2-microglobulin ; Class I MHC ; W6/32 ; Epitope ; Aotus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Previous studies of class I MHC molecules have shown that the owl monkey (Aotus) possesses at least two variants of the β2-microglobulin (β2m) protein. These two variants have different isoelectric points, and exhibit differential reactivity with the monoclonal antibody W6/32. We report cDNA sequences of the B2m gene, from W6/32-positive and W6/32-negative Aotus cell lines. The two β2m variants we identified exhibit a single amino acid difference at position three. An arginine residue at position 3 was correlated with W6/32 reactivity, whereas histidine was associated with non-reactivity. W6/32 reactivity was conferred to a W6/32-negative Aotus cell line when it was transfected with the B2m from the W6/32-positive cell line. Residue 3 of β2m is located at the surface of the class I molecule. It is also close to position 121 of the MHC class I heavy chain, which has previously been shown to influence W6/32 antibody binding. We conclude that W6/32 binds a compact epitope on the class I molecule that includes both residue 3 of β2m and residue 121 of the heavy chain. We examined the distribution of the two β2m motifs in a sample Aotus population using an allele-specific polymerase chain reaction assay. The pattern of β2m segregation we observed matches that which was defined previously by serology. Additionally, we identified laboratory-born hybrid animals who possess both variants of β2m.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050498
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF/IL-8) resides in a gene cluster along with several other members of the platelet factor 4 gene superfamily (1990)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 84 (1990), S. 185-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF/IL-8, suggested gene symbol IL8) is a cytokine that chemoattracts and activates neutrophils. Using a panel of human-rodent cell hybrids that preferentially segregate human chromosomes and in situ hybridization, the MDNCF/IL-8 gene was placed on the human gene map at position 4q12-q21. This is the same location where at least three other members (platelet factor 4, melanoma growth stimulatory activity, and interferon-γ induced factor) of the platelet factor 4 gene superfamily reside. In addition, a restriction fragment length polymorphism was identified using MDNCF as a probe in screening genomic DNA digested with HindIII from unrelated individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208938
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alpha satellite DNA in neotropical primates (Platyrrhini) (1994)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 103 (1994), S. 262-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Keywords: CapB ; L07926 ; CpyALF2 ; L07928 ; CsaA ; L07929 ; CmoALF ; L07930
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The alpha satellite DNA of Old World (catarhine) primates usually consists of similar, but not identical, ca. 170 bp sequences repeated tandemly hundreds to thousands of times. The 170 bp monomeric repeats are components of higher-order repeats, many of which are chromosome specific. Alpha satellites are found exclusively in centromeric regions where they appear to play a role in centromere function. We have found that alpha satellite DNA in neotropical (New World; platyrrhine) primates is very similar to its Old World counterpart: it consists of divergent ca. 170 bp subsequences that are arranged in tandem arrays with a ca. 340 bp periodicity. New and Old World alpha satellites share about 64% sequence identity overall, and contain several short sequence motifs that appear to be highly conserved. One exception to the tandemly arrayed 340 bp motif has been found: the major alpha satellite array in Chiropotes satanas (black bearded saki) has a 539 bp repeat unit that consists of a 338 bp dimer together with a duplication of 33 bp of the first monomeric unit and 168 bp of the second monomeric unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352250
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alpha satellite DNA in neotropical primates (Platyrrhini) (1994)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 103 (1994), S. 262-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The alpha satellite DNA of Old World (catarrhine) primates usually consists of similar, but not identical, ca. 170 bp sequences repeated tandemly hundreds to thousands of times. The 170 bp monomeric repeats are components of higher-order repeats, many of which are chromosome specific. Alpha satellites are found exclusively in centromeric regions where they appear to play a role in centromere function. We have found that alpha satellite DNA in neotropical (New World; platyrrhine) primates is very similar to its Old World counterpart: it consists of divergent ca. 170 bp subsequences that are arranged in tandem arrays with a ca. 340 bp periodicity. New and Old World alpha satellites share about 64% sequence identity overall, and contain several short sequence motifs that appear to be highly conserved. One exception to the tandemly arrayed 340 bp motif has been found: the major alpha satellite array in Chiropotes satanas (black bearded saki) has a 539 bp repeat unit that consists of a 338 bp dimer together with a duplication of 33 bp of the first monomeric unit and 168 bp of the second monomeric unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352250
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Satellite DNA sequences in the New World primateCebus apella (Platyrrhini, Primates) (1993)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 102 (1993), S. 306-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two satellite DNAs, designated CapA and CapB, were isolated from the neotropical primate,Cebus apella. The satellites exhibit nonoverlapping distributions onC. apella chromosomes. CapA is a major component of interstitial regions of constitutive heterochromatin, a very large block of heterochromatin comprising most of the long arm of chromosome 11, and some telomeres. The CapA monomer has a length of about 1500 bp and appears recently to have undergone an amplification episode in theC. apella genome. CapA-like sequences are probably present in members of the family Cebidae (to whichC. apella belongs), but not in members of the family Callitrichidae (marmosets). CapB sequences can be detected at the centromeres of manyC. apella chromosomes, and similar sequences are present in all neotropical primates. The 342 bp CapB monomer shares 60%–64% sequence identity with several alpha satellite sequences of human origin. Because of its structure, sequence, and location, it appears that CapB is the New World primate homolog of Old World primate alpha satellite DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00661273
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Callimico goeldii (Primates, Platyrrhini) genome: Karyology and middle repetitive (LINE-1) DNA sequences (1989)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 98 (1989), S. 389-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Callimico goeldii (Goeldi's marmoset) is a neotropical primate with 2n=47,X1X2Y in the male, and 2n=48,X1X1X2X2 in the female, due to a Y-autosome translocation. Karyological comparisons of Callimico, Callithrix jacchus and Cebus apella suggest that Callimico is a member of the Callitrichidae. Isozyme data and restriction mapping of LINE-1 repetitive elements in these species and in a variety of other neotropical primates confirm these findings and supply strong evidence for including Callimico in the Callitrichidae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292783
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