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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A toroidally viewing soft x-ray imaging system and an orthogonal matrix array of soft x-ray diodes are designed for identification of the small-scale plasma perturbations in the T-10 tokamak. Numerical modeling of the helical perturbations with high longitudinal wave numbers (m=5–30) is used for specification of the basic design of the system (optimal position of the diagnostic, field of view, and spatial and mode resolutions) in the T-10 tokamak. A system of external windings is designed for controllable excitation of the low-m magnetic islands and for studies of their effect on small-scale modes. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 449-451 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Newly developed methods of visualization and determination of widths of internal magnetic islands are based on measurements of the perturbed magnetic fields near the plasma border. Reliable analysis of pick-up (Mirnov) coils data is rather complicated and measurement errors have to be minimized. Plasma wall interaction, electrical sparks in the discharge chamber, and resonances in the measurement systems could be main sources of errors but, also, the design of coils should take into account that the typical frequency band of the disruptive processes is in the range of ∼100 kHz–1.5 MHz. A double Faraday coaxial screening with a symmetrically input system of pick-up coils was developed for disruption studies in the TCABR tokamak in Sa˜o Paulo. The main design features of this high precision pick-up coil system are discussed.© 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Discharges with negative central magnetic shear (NCS) hold the promise of enhanced fusion performance in advanced tokamaks. However, stability to long wavelength magnetohydrodynamic modes is needed to take advantage of the improved confinement found in NCS discharges. The stability limits seen in DIII-D [J. L. Luxon and L. G. Davis, Fusion Technol. 8, 441 (1985)] experiments depend on the pressure and current density profiles and are in good agreement with stability calculations. Discharges with a strongly peaked pressure profile reach a disruptive limit at low beta, βN=β(I/aB)−1≤2.5 (% m T/MA), caused by an n=1 ideal internal kink mode or a global resistive instability close to the ideal stability limit. Discharges with a broad pressure profile reach a soft beta limit at significantly higher beta, βN=4 to 5, usually caused by instabilities with n〉1 and usually driven near the edge of the plasma. With broad pressure profiles, the experimental stability limit is independent of the magnitude of negative shear but improves with the internal inductance, corresponding to lower current density near the edge of the plasma. Understanding of the stability limits in NCS discharges has led to record DIII-D fusion performance in discharges with a broad pressure profile and low edge current density. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 3950-3960 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The main subject of this work is the experimental study of the low m and n magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) perturbations during disruptive instability. This work presents the magnetic probe data, electron cyclotron emission (ECE), α-particle losses, and neutron flux data measured during the disruptive instability in high β tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR) [D. J. Grove and D. M. Meade, Nucl. Fusion 25, 1167 (1985)] plasmas. The major disruptions in high β regimes go through several phases. The first phase is the fast (150–250 μs) minor disruption (predisruption), causing a drop of the central temperature (and possibly, density). In this phase a powerful central m=1/n=1 mode initiates the sequential development of m=4/n=1, 3/1, 2/1, 3/2 peripheral modes, which lead to a 3/1 locked mode. The second phase is the slow thermal quench (2 ms) in the presence of a locked mode. The third phase is a fast positive current spike generation (5%–10% increase in Ip in less than 0.5 ms) and finally, the current quench occurs with a loss of 2.5 MA in 5 ms. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Toroidally localized ballooning modes have been found as precursors to high β disruptions in many regimes on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [D. Meade et al., Proceedings of the International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion, Washington, DC, 1990 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. I, pp. 9–24]. Lower frequency, global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) activity, typically an ideal n=1 kink mode, causes the toroidal localization. Larger-amplitude n=1 modes result in stronger toroidal localization of the ballooning modes. The modes are typically localized to a region spanning about 90°–120° in the toroidal direction. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Power technology and engineering 11 (1977), S. 248-255 
    ISSN: 1570-1468
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Conclusions 1. Opening of horizontal block joints on the upstream side during vibrations changes little the level of dynamic tensile stresses in the dam, which is explained by the marked increase in internal energy absorption due to collision and slipping of the sides of the joints; the zones of the maximum tensile stresses move in this case from the upstream face to the openings of the joints. 2. Seismic stability of a gravity dam on a strong rock foundation is determined by the strength of the upper part of the dam. To increase the seismic stability of the structure it is expediment to lighten the dam crest and not allow discontinuities in the profile. 3. The overturning resistance of dam rocks served by horizontal cracks is not determining in evaluating the seismic stability of the structure when it is represented in the form of a system of rigid blocks. 4. In the investigated design of a gravity dam for the conditions at the Kurpsa hydrodevelopment with a given level of seismic action the values of the dynamic tensile stresses in the zone of action of the maximum static tensile stresses does not exceed 20 kgf/cm2, even considering opening of the horizonal block joints. Irreversible horizontal movements of the blocks occurs along the block joint at the 113-m mark at accelerations in the foundation exceeding the calculated values by a factor of 1.2. The dam blocks separated by joints retain overturning resistance at accelerations in the foundation to 2.5g. The results obtained permit the conclusion that lightening of the profile of a gravity dam with provision of watertight measures on the upstream face is a promising direction for increasing the economy of structures of this type being constructed in seismically active regions.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Power technology and engineering 6 (1972), S. 471-481 
    ISSN: 1570-1468
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Power technology and engineering 11 (1977), S. 116-126 
    ISSN: 1570-1468
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Conclusions 1. Investigations of oscillations of the Naryn River canyon at the site of the Toktogul hydrodevelopment during passage of seismic waves presented to us a detailed picture of the movement of the canyon flanks, permitting a reduction in the design accelerations of the flanks and refinement of the seismic load on the dam. 2. Investigations of the shear stability of the Toktogul dam showed that for the adopted seismic load the dam is highly stable. 3. Theoretical and model investigations of the stresses and strains in the dam for different directions of approach of the seismic wave showed that the intensity of the dynamic tensile stresses in the upstream face does not exceed the static compressive stresses. Thus, tensile stresses do not occur on the upstream face at the given level of the seismic load. 4. Investigations of the character and form of failure of dam models under a seismic load revealed considerable strength reserves of the dam, which permit partial or complete elimination of the placement of indentations in the concrete on the downstream face of the dam.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemical and petroleum engineering 21 (1985), S. 529-531 
    ISSN: 1573-8329
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Glass and ceramics 18 (1962), S. 636-636 
    ISSN: 1573-8515
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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