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  • 1
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    The Kuroshio flow-through in the East China Sea: A numerical model (1997)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0079-6611
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-4472
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Chaos and predictability in ocean water levels (1999)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-04-15
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Electronic ISSN: 2156-2202
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Geophysical Union
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    CANONS OF LANDSCAPE EVOLUTION—A DISCUSSION (1955)
    Geological Society of America
    Details
    Publication Date: 1955-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-7606
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
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    Technology development for lunar base water recycling (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: This paper will review previous and ongoing work in aerospace water recycling and identify research activities required to support development of a lunar base. The development of a water recycle system for use in the life support systems envisioned for a lunar base will require considerable research work. A review of previous work on aerospace water recycle systems indicates that more efficient physical and chemical processes are needed to reduce expendable and power requirements. Development work on biological processes that can be applied to microgravity and lunar environments also needs to be initiated. Biological processes are inherently more efficient than physical and chemical processes and may be used to minimize resupply and waste disposal requirements. Processes for recovering and recycling nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur also need to be developed to support plant growth units. The development of efficient water quality monitors to be used for process control and environmental monitoring also needs to be initiated.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: The Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century, Volume 2; p 551-557
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Recent experiences with iodine water disinfection in Shuttle (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Microbial proliferation in the STS potable water system is prevented by maintaining a 2-5 ppm iodine residual. The iodine is added to fuel cell water by an iodinated ion exchange resin in the Microbial Check Valve (MCV). Crew comments indicated excessive iodine in the potable water. To better define the problem, a method of in-flight iodine analysis was developed. Inflight analysis during STS-30 and STS-28 indicated iodine residuals were generally in the 9-13 ppm range. It was determined that the high iodine residual was caused by MCV influent temperatures in excess of 120 F. This is well above the MCV operating range of 65-90 F. The solution to this problem was to develop a resin suitable for the higher temperatures. Since 8 months were required to formulate a MCV resin suitable for the higher temperatures, a temporary solution was necessary. Two additional MCV's were installed on the chilled and ambient water lines leading into the galley to remove the excess iodine. These reduced the iodine residual to 3-4 ppm during STS-33, STS-34, STS-36 and STS-32. A high-temperature resin was formulated and initially flown on STS-31.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: SAE PAPER 901356
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Iodine sorption study on the proposed use of Viton A in a shuttle galley water accumulator (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The installation of a Viton A accumulator in the Shuttle galley has been proposed to prevent overpressurization of the hot water supply system. A laboratory study has been conducted to determine if there would be any interaction between the Viton A material and the iodine used to disinfect the water. Coupons of Viton A were exposed for 24 hours to aqueous iodine solutions similar in quality to the Shuttle's potable water. Changes in the iodine residual were monitored to determine the rate of iodine sorption by the coupon. Total organic carbon (TOC) was monitored to determine the rate of desorption of organic materials from the Viton A. The same coupons were then soaked in reagent-grade water for 24 hours, and iodine was monitored to determine the rate of iodine desorption. The coupons were again exposed to iodine solutions for 24 hours and iodine and TOC were monitored. No significant change in the iodine sorption rate was detected between the first and second exposures. A triangle taste test indicated at a 1 percent confidence level that the water exposed to Viton A had a different taste which was less acceptable to the panelists.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-TM-100467 , S-582 , NAS 1.15:100467
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Biofilm formation and control in a simulated spacecraft water system - Interim results (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The ability of iodine to control microbial contamination and biofilm formation in spacecraft water distribution systems is studied using two stainless steel water subsystems. One subsystem has an iodine level of 2.5 mg/L maintained by an iodinated ion-exchange resin. The other subsystem has no iodine added. Stainless steel coupons are removed from each system to monitor biofilm formation. Results from the first six months of operation indicate that 2.5 mg/L of iodine has limited the number of viable bacteria that can be recovered from the iodinated subsystem. Epifluorescence microscopy of the coupons taken from this subsystem, however, indicates some evidence of microbial colonization after 15 weeks of operation. Numerous bacteria have been continually removed from both the water samples and the coupons taken from the noniodinated subsystem after only 3 weeks of operation.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: SAE PAPER 891543
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Design, Certification, and Deployment of the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK) (2009)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: In August 2009, an experimental water quality monitoring kit based on Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction (CSPE) technology was delivered to the International Space Station (ISS) aboard STS-128/17A. The kit, called the Colorimetric Water Quality Monitoring Kit (CWQMK), was developed by a team of scientists and engineers from NASA s Habitability and Environmental Factors Division in the Space Life Sciences Directorate at Johnson Space Center, the Wyle Integrated Science and Engineering Group in Houston, Texas, the University of Utah, and Iowa State University. The CWQMK was flown and deployed as a Station Development Test Objective (SDTO) experiment on ISS. The goal of the SDTO experiment was to evaluate the acceptability of CSPE technology for routine water quality monitoring on ISS. This paper provides an overview of the SDTO experiment, as well as a detailed description of the CWQMK hardware and a summary of the testing and analysis conducted to certify the CWQMK for use on ISS. The results obtained from the SDTO experiment are also reported and discussed in detail.
    Keywords: Chemistry and Materials (General)
    Type: JSC-CN-19229 , 40th International Conference on Environmental Systems; Nov 11, 2010 - Nov 15, 2010; Barcelona; Spain
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Chemical Analysis Results for Potable Water from ISS Expeditions 21 Through 25 (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Johnson Space Center Water and Food Analytical Laboratory (WAFAL) performed detailed ground-based analyses of archival water samples for verification of the chemical quality of the International Space Station (ISS) potable water supplies for Expeditions 21 through 25. Over a 14-month period the Space Shuttle visited the ISS on four occasions to complete construction and deliver supplies. The onboard supplies of potable water available for consumption by the Expeditions 21 to 25 crews consisted of Russian ground-supplied potable water, Russian potable water regenerated from humidity condensate, and US potable water recovered from urine distillate and condensate. Chemical archival water samples that were collected with U.S. hardware during Expeditions 21 to 25 were returned on Shuttle flights STS-129 (ULF3), STS-130 (20A), STS-131 (19A), and STS-132 (ULF4), as well as on Soyuz flights 19-23. This paper reports the analytical results for these returned potable water archival samples and their compliance with ISS water quality standards.
    Keywords: Aeronautics (General)
    Type: JSC-CN-24006 , 41st International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 17, 2011 - Jul 21, 2011; Portland, OR; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    In-Flight Water Quality Monitoring on the International Space Station (ISS): Measuring Biocide Concentrations with Colorimetric Solid Phase Extraction (CSPE) (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The colorimetric water quality monitoring kit (CWQMK) was delivered to the International Space Station (ISS) on STS-128/17A and was initially deployed in September 2009. The kit was flown as a station development test objective (SDTO) experiment to evaluate the acceptability of colorimetric solid phase extraction (CSPE) technology for routine water quality monitoring on the ISS. During the SDTO experiment, water samples from the U.S. water processor assembly (WPA), the U.S. potable water dispenser (PWD), and the Russian system for dispensing ground-supplied water (SVO-ZV) were collected and analyzed with the CWQMK. Samples from the U.S. segment of the ISS were analyzed for molecular iodine, which is the biocide added to water in the WPA. Samples from the SVOZV system were analyzed for ionic silver, the biocide used on the Russian segment of the ISS. In all, thirteen in-flight analysis sessions were completed as part of the SDTO experiment. This paper provides an overview of the experiment and reports the results obtained with the CWQMK. The forward plan for certifying the CWQMK as operational hardware and expanding the capabilities of the kit are also discussed.
    Keywords: Man/System Technology and Life Support
    Type: JSC-CN-24141 , 41st International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 17, 2011 - Jul 21, 2011; Portland, OR; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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