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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 4244-4248 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The two limits for modeling vibrating thin films, viz as a plate or as a membrane, are discussed. In terms of these limits the sources of experimental uncertanties are identified and the advantages of using films which can be modeled as membranes are explained. The mathematical formalism for treating films as vibrating membranes is developed and relations for self-consistency checks are presented. The drive mechanisms used to generate vibrations in the films are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A detailed study of the structural and elastic properties of Fe/Cu superlattices has been performed. These superlattices exhibit a structural phase transition as a function of layer thickness in which bcc α-Fe transforms into fcc γ-Fe. This structural phase transition in which the Fe layers become coherent with the Cu layers is signaled by clear-cut changes in elastic and magnetic properties. The elastic properties studied through this transition indicate that in-plane coherency plays an important role in the elastic behavior of metallic superlattices.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 5836-5836 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In order to understand the transport properties of multilayer systems, three different series of sputtered Fe/Cu multilayer films were examined by low-frequency ac resistance measurements. In each series, the total thickness of the film was maintained at approximately 2000 A(ring) while the bilayer thickness was varied from 20 to 300 A(ring). The three multilayer series differ in the ratios of Fe to Cu in a bilayer. The Fe:Cu ratios examined here are 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1. Transport and magnetotransport measurements were done on these films at temperatures of 296, 77, and 4.2 K with in-plane fields up to 10 KOe. As expected, for each Fe:Cu series the resistivities increase with decreasing bilayer thickness. Furthermore, comparing the different series, the higher Cu ratios give smaller resistivities. From the magnetotransport measurements, the anisotropic magnetoresistance also increases with decreasing bilayer thickness and appears to be linearly related to the resistivity of the multilayer, especially at the lower temperatures. For the highest Cu ratio, Fe:Cu 1:3, the AMR was unmeasureable from the thinnest periods at 296 K but becomes significant at the lower temperatures.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Both the static and dynamic magnetic properties of sputtered Fe/Cr and Fe/Cu superlattices are compared. The static magnetization is measured by vibrating sample and SQUID magnetometry as well as conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy. The spin-wave spectra are measured by Brillouin light scattering (BLS). Although the structure of these two systems as determined by x-ray diffraction are similar, the magnetic properties differ greatly. In Fe/Cr, the Fe layers couple antiferromagnetically (AF), which can be correlated with an enhanced magnetoresistance. Both the strength of AF coupling and the size of the magnetoresistance are found to have a maximum value for Cr thicknesses of 11 A(ring) and increase with decreasing Fe thickness. Broad spin-wave spectra are observed by BLS and there is little indication of surface anisotropy. In contrast, Fe/Cu shows no indication of AF coupling of the Fe and a perpendicular surface anisotropy is observed. Very well-resolved spin-wave modes showing the band structure expected for a ferromagnetically coupled magnetic superlattice are observed in the BLS spectra. The relationship between the interface structure and the varying magnetic properties will be discussed.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 344-347 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured the anisotropic magnetoresistance of Fe films exchange coupled to antiferromagnetic MnF2 layers. Exchange bias and coercivity obtained from magnetoresistance are in close agreement with superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry data. In addition the magnetoresistance reveals an asymmetry in the magnetization reversal process, despite the fact that the magnetization hysteresis loops show little shape asymmetry. These results correlate well with an earlier study of magnetization reversal asymmetry by polarized neutron reflectometry. The data imply that the magnetization reverses by coherent rotation on one side of the loop and by nucleation and propagation of domain walls on the other. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 494-501 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe an apparatus for measuring the biaxial mechanical properties of metallic films. A circular knife-edge support forms a drum-head geometry over which the film to be studied is stretched. The film's tension is obtained from the frequency of its membrane modes, and its strain by using an optical technique. The biaxial modulus is obtained from the ratio of tension and strain. An electronic detection system is developed that regeneratively locks to the film's resonant frequency. The system is also capable of measuring the film's damping when the lock is switched off.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic properties of Fe/Cu multilayers have been investigated as a function of temperature using dc magnetization and ferromagnetic resonance techniques. The samples were prepared via dc sputtering resulting in equal thickness elemental layers ranging in modulation wavelength from 1 to 30 nm. The interface anisotropy remains nearly constant at 0.32 erg/cm2 through the 4–300 K temperature range, which is in stark contrast to large thermal effects observed in Ni-based systems. Relative increases in magnetization with decreasing temperature range from 3% in the 30 nm sample to 27% in the 1.0 nm sample. This indicates an interface region in which the magnetization is more strongly temperature dependent than the interior of an Fe layer. By plotting magnetization as a function of the inverse layer thickness, we obtain the temperature dependence of the width of this interfacial region. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 1887-1891 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The exchange anisotropy of Ni80Fe20 (permalloy) films deposited onto bulk single crystal CoO substrates using molecular-beam epitaxy is strongly affected by the interface structure. Contrary to expectations for uncompensated interfaces, the loop shift increases for samples with greater interface disorder. The results are discussed in the light of proposed exchange anisotropy models. The results suggest that antiferromagnet domain dynamics are an important part of the exchange anisotropy mechanism. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Large exchange bias effects were measured in antiferromagnetic FeF2-ferromagnetic Fe bilayers. The interface spin structure and roughness was controlled by using different substrates and growth temperatures. The samples were characterized ex situ using low and high angle x-ray diffraction, in-plane x-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. We discovered that the exchange bias is largest in the (110) FeF2 spin-compensated surface films, in contradiction with simple models that predict a low exchange anisotropy for spin-compensated surfaces. For these samples, the exchange anisotropy decreases as the interface roughness increases. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A mechanism resulting in biquadratic interlayer coupling is proposed and analyzed theoretically. This mechanism is connected with the magnetic dipole field, created by magnetic layers with roughness. This field decays exponentially with the distance from the layer, but it shows oscillating behavior in the lateral direction. The scale of both exponential and oscillating dependencies corresponds to the scale of the interface roughness and can reach 20–30 nm. The oscillating variation of the field makes 90° alignment of the magnetization energetically favorable in analogy to the Slonczewski's mechanism. Computer simulations and estimates show that this mechanism can provide a coupling strength of the order of 0.01 erg/cm2 for Fe films with 1 nm interlayer thickness. The part of the work done in Moscow and Jüelich was supported by Collaborative Research Grant CRG 921170 of the NATO Scientific Exchange Programmes. Work at UCSD was supported by the U. S. National Science Foundation. One of us (E.Ts.) is pleased to thank the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for support.
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