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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Doppler-free polarization spectroscopy of the B 1Πu –X 1Σ+g band system of K2 (1987)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 87 (1987), S. 45-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The B 1Πu–X 1Σ+g band system of the K2 molecule is investigated by Doppler-free polarization spectroscopy in a heat pipe oven. The transitions are measured in the region of 615 to 660 nm including vibrational levels up to v″=17 in the X state and all vibrational levels of the B state up to the dissociation limit. A Fabry–Perot interferometer is calibrated using metastable neon and K2 secondary wavelength standards to provide absolute accuracy in the frequency determination of less than 20 MHz. The comprehensive study of the band system is completed by LIF measurements to determine vibrational levels of the ground state up to v‘=62. A detailed analysis has been completed and the coefficients are given in a Dunham expansion that accurately represents the frequencies of lines with specified vibrational and rotational quantum numbers. The B and X potential curves and the Franck–Condon factors for the transitions between B and X states are determined. The dissociation energies have been found to be 4447±15 cm−1 for the X state and 2113±15 cm−1 for the B state. The height of the potential barrier of the B state above the 4 2P3/2+4 2S1/2 atomic levels is 295±17 cm−1 at an internuclear distance of 8.1±0.1 A(ring).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.453591
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coronal Holes Versus Normal Quiet Sun Observed with SUMER (1998)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 264 (1998), S. 53-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present a preliminary analysis of spectral lines obtained with the SUMER instrument (Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation) onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), as observed during three observing campaigns. From the 70 observed spectral lines, we selected 12, representing 9 ions or atoms, in order to analyse line intensities, shifts and widths in polar coronal holes as well as in the normal quiet Sun. We find that coronal lines show a distinct blueshift in coronal holes relative to the quiet Sun at equal heliospheric angle, while there is no evidence for such a shift for lines formed at temperatures below 105K. The widths of lines formed at temperatures above 3 – 104K are slightly increased inside the coronal hole, but unaffected for lower temperatures. Intensity measurements clearly show the center-to-limb variation, as well as an intensity diminution inside the coronal hole for lines formed above approximately 105K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002484307087
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SUMER - Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (1995)
    Springer
    Solar physics 162 (1995), S. 189-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Keywords: Solar EUV Emission Lines ; Coronal Heating ; Solar Wind Acceleration ; EUV Spectrometer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The instrument SUMER - Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation is designed to investigate structures and associated dynamical processes occurring in the solar atmosphere, from the chromosphere through the transition region to the inner corona, over a temperature range from 104 to 2 × 106 K and above. These observations will permit detailed spectroscopic diagnostics of plasma densities and temperatures in many solar features, and will support penetrating studies of underlying physical processes, including plasma flows, turbulence and wave motions, diffusion transport processes, events associated with solar magnetic activity, atmospheric heating, and solar wind acceleration in the inner corona. Specifically, SUMER will measure profiles and intensities of EUV lines; determine Doppler shifts and line broadenings with high accuracy; provide stigmatic images of the Sun in the EUV with high spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution; and obtain monochromatic maps of the full Sun and the inner corona or selected areas thereof. SUMER will be flown on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), scheduled for launch in November, 1995. This paper has been written to familiarize solar physicists with SUMER and to demonstrate some command procedures for achieving certain scientific observations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00733430
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FIRST RESULTS OF THE SUMER TELESCOPE AND SPECTROMETER ON SOHO – I. Spectra and Spectroradiometry (1997)
    Springer
    Solar physics 170 (1997), S. 75-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract SUMER – the Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of the Emitted Radiation instrument on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) – observed its first light on January 24, 1996, and subsequently obtained a detailed spectrum with detector B in the wavelength range from 660 to 1490 Å (in first order) inside and above the limb in the north polar coronal hole. Using detector A of the instrument, this range was later extended to 1610 Å. The second-order spectra of detectors A and B cover 330 to 805 Å and are superimposed on the first-order spectra. Many more features and areas of the Sun and their spectra have been observed since, including coronal holes, polar plumes and active regions. The atoms and ions emitting this radiation exist at temperatures below 2 × 106 K and are thus ideally suited to investigate the solar transition region where the temperature increases from chromospheric to coronal values. SUMER can also be operated in a manner such that it makes images or spectroheliograms of different sizes in selected spectral lines. A detailed line profile with spectral resolution elements between 22 and 45 mÅ is produced for each line at each spatial location along the slit. From the line width, intensity and wavelength position we are able to deduce temperature, density, and velocity of the emitting atoms and ions for each emission line and spatial element in the spectroheliogram. Because of the high spectral resolution and low noise of SUMER, we have been able to detect faint lines not previously observed and, in addition, to determine their spectral profiles. SUMER has already recorded over 2000 extreme ultraviolet emission lines and many identifications have been made on the disk and in the corona.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004923511980
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outflow Velocities at the Base of a Polar Coronal Hole During the 1998 Total Eclipse (1999)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 87 (1999), S. 291-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Keywords: Sun ; corona ; coronal holes ; flows
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Polar coronal holes represent the most convincing site from which the high-speed solar wind originates. Here we report high-accuracy Doppler shifts measured in the O VI (1037.6 Å) line obtained by SUMER on SOHO inside an interplume region within the south polar coronal hole. We infer limits on the outflow velocity and draw hints about the flow geometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005133525557
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations of Polar Plumes with the Sumer Instrument on Soho (1997)
    Springer
    Solar physics 175 (1997), S. 375-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present new observations of O vi 1032 Å line profiles in polar plumes, and inter-plume regions, on the disk and above the limb in the north coronal hole obtained with the SUMER (Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation) instrument on the SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) spacecraft. On 22 May 1996, a 5 x 5 arc min spectroheliogram was scanned above the north polar coronal hole with the entrance slit extending from 1.03 to 1.33 solar radii with 1.5 arc sec spatial resolution and ≈ 0.044 Å per pixel spectral resolution in the wavelength range 1020–1040 Å. Detailed plume structure in O vi 1032 Å can be seen extending beyond 1.3 solar radii, with intensities in the plume regions 10–50% brighter, but line widths 10–15% narrower, than the inter-plume regions. Possible explanations for this observed anti-correlation between line width and intensity in the plume and inter-plume regions are discussed. We conclude that the source of the high-speed solar wind may not be polar plumes, but the inter-plume lanes associated with open magnetic field regions of the chromospheric network.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004959324214
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Signatures of Coronal Hole Spectra Between 660 Å and 1460 Å Measured with Sumer on Soho (1999)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 87 (1999), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Spectra of the northern polar coronal hole measured with the SUMER spectrometer on SOHO on 25 October 1996 are analyzed. We present spectra taken at locations on the solar disk where part of the spectrometer slit intersects a polar coronal hole region and an area of brighter emission from outside of the coronal hole area. By comparing the line intensities between the parts of the spectrum taken inside the "dark" area of the coronal holes and the brighter regions, we work out the signatures of the specific coronal hole in the chromosphere, transition region and lower corona. We find that emissions of neutral atom lines, of which there are many in the spectrum of SUMER, show no difference between the coronal hole and the bright boundary areas, whereas all ionized species show strong intensity enhancements, including the continuum emissions of carbon and hydrogen. These enhancements are larger than in normal quiet Sun areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005137626466
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coronal Hole Properties Observed with Sumer (1999)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 87 (1999), S. 315-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We analyze SUMER spectra of 14 lines belonging to 12 ions, obtained on both sides of the boundary of polar coronal holes as well as at other locations along the limb. We compare line intensities, shifts and widths in coronal holes with values obtained in the quiet Sun. We find that with increasing formation temperature, spectral lines show an increasingly stronger blueshift in coronal holes relative to the quiet Sun at an equal heliospheric angle. The width of the lines is generally larger (by a few km/s) inside the coronal hole. Intensity measurements show the presence of the coronal hole in Ne VIII lines as well as in Fe XII, with evidence for a slightly enhanced emission in polar coronal holes for lines formed below 105 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005145828283
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rydberg states of the K2 molecule studied by laser spectroscopy in a supersonic beam (1989)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 13 (1989), S. 231-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 33.35
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Rydberg states of potassium dimer have been studied in a crossed laser-molecular beam experiment. The K2 molecules were formed in a supersonic expansion and excited by low-power cw dye laser. Two different excitation schemes have been used: The first scheme uses a single mode ring dye laser to induce near resonant two-photon transitions while in the second scheme stepwise excitation with two dye lasers is used. In each case excitation of Rydberg levels was detected by monitoring the ionization signal resulting from three-photon absorption. We report a detailed study of 700 two-photon resonances between 625 nm and 650 nm. Most of these signals can be assigned to transitions from the X1σ g + to1σ g + ,1Π g , and1Δ g states, which are all enhanced by the B1Π u intermediate state. Accurate rotational constants are given for the populated vibrational levels of these states. By stepwise excitation of Rydberg levels via theB 1Π u state we identify 3 series of Rydberg states as1Δ g (4S+nD),1Σ g + (4S+nD), and1Σ g + (4S+nS) with principal quantum numbers 7≦n≦20. Molecular constants of these and other observed but as yet unidentified states are given; quantum defects and dissociation energies are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01436960
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  • 10
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    The SWAP EUV Imaging Telescope Part I: Instrument Overview and Pre-Flight Testing (2012)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-27
    Print ISSN: 0038-0938
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-093X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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