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Diversity of salt tolerance in a germplasm collection of wheat (Triticum spp.) (1985)

Sayed, H. I.

Springer

Theoretical and applied genetics 69 (1985), S. 651-657

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ISSN: 1432-2242

Keywords: Diversity analysis ; Salt tolerance ; Triticum ; Wheat ; Wheat-rye derivatives

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Summary A collection (5,072 lines) of wheat germplasm was screened at the seedling stage for tolerance to salinity concentrations having electrical conductivities of 0.8 (control), 12.5, 18.75 and 25.0 dS/m. Surviving seedlings were expressed for each line as a percentage of the control value. The 442 lines with greater than 70% surviving seedlings were tested for whole-life cycle survival under each salinity condition. The data of the reactions to salinity at both the seedling stage and maturity were used to classify the collection according to: (1) country of origin (2) species and ploidy level. The data were then subjected to a diversity analysis using the Shannon-Weaver information index. Seedling stage tolerance to 12.5 dS/cm salinity was widely distributed in the collection (79% of lines), whereas only 9% were tolerant at 25.0 dS/m salinity. The seedling stage tolerance was indicative of maturity tolerance. At the seedling stage, entries from USA and Egypt showed the largest proportions of tolerant lines. In addition, USA, Mexico and Egypt entries exhibited the widest variability. Diversity among regions was greater than among countries within regions, while the diversity among species was greater than among ploidy levels. Tetraploids exceeded hexaploids and diploids in the proportion of tolerant lines and diversity. Wheat-rye derivatives showed a good potential for salt tolerance at early stages. Screening more germplasm from the arid and semi-arid regions especially from countries with salt affected soils was recommended.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251118

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Inheritance of five quantitative characters of bread wheat (1978)

Sayed, H. I.

Springer

Theoretical and applied genetics 52 (1978), S. 73-76

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ISSN: 1432-2242

Keywords: Heritability ; Bread wheat

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Summary Heritability estimates of five characters of the wheat plant were studied in five crosses involving six cultivars of bread wheat. Parents, F1, F2 and backcrosses to both parents were used in the estimation of the genetic parameters. Heritability was low for number of fertile spikes/plant, moderate for number of spikelets/spike, number of kernels/spike, 1000-kernel weight and moderately high for number of kernels/spike. Evidence for mainly nonadditive gene effects were observed in the expression of number of fertile spikes and 1000-kernel weight. Although nonadditives contributed to a lesser degree to the gene action, additives seemed to be the most important genetic expression regulating number of spikelets/spike, number of kernels/spike, and number of kernels/spikelet. Except for number of fertile spikes/plant, selection in F2-populations seems to be promising.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00281319

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Effect of soil salinity and water stresses on growth and content of nitrogen, chloride and phosphate of wheat and triticale (1982)

Mashhady, A. S. ; Sayed, H. I. ; Heakal, M. S.

Springer

Plant and soil 68 (1982), S. 207-216

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ISSN: 1573-5036

Keywords: Calcareous soil ; Chloride ; Dry matter ; Nitrogen ; Phosphate ; Soil salinity ; Triticale ; Triticum aestivum L. ; Water stress ; Wheat ; X Triticosecale Wittmack

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Summary Three wheats and one triticale were grown, up to flowering stage, in pots on calcareous soil adjusted to a range of salinities (S1=3.5, S2=6, S3=8.5, and S4=11 mmhos/cm, 20°C, soilpaste extract) by adding solution consisting of 3∶2∶1 of Na-, Ca- and Mg chlorides in chemical equivalent amounts. Moisture in the pots was kept at 100% (W1), 40% (W2) and 20% (W3) of the available water. The vegetative growth, nitrogen and phosphate were affected by S and W treatments, chloride was affected only by S. The interaction S×W affected only dry weight. Varietal effect was observed between wheat as a group and triticale. Multiple quadratic regression equations of these properties on salinity and water revealed that the higher the available water the wider the range of tolerable salinity. Triticale was relatively more tolerant to water stress. Salinity increases Cl and decreases N, whereas water stress enhances N accumulation to a certain extent. However, in triticale at S3 and S4 the effect of water stress on N was overshadowed by the excessive salinity. This did not occur for the wheat (Florence). P trends were described. R2 for P was low (0.7435–0.3603) which made interpretations rather difficult.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02373706

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Nutritional effects of non-steady state soil salinity on a salt-tolerant wheat cultivar (1985)

Mashhady, A. S. ; Heakal, M. S. ; Abdel-Aziz, M. H. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plant and soil 83 (1985), S. 223-231

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ISSN: 1573-5036

Keywords: Absorption ; Accumulation ; Calcareous soil ; Calcium ; Chloride ; Leaching ; Magnesium ; Nitrogen ; Phosphate ; Potassium ; Sea water ; Triticum aestivum L. ; Wheat

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Summary On an initially non-saline calcareous soil, the advanced wheat line RI 3748 (Triticum aestivum L.) was irrigated by sea water dilutions having ECi-2, 12, 18 and 24 mS cm−1 at 20°C in quantities equal to 1.1, 1.3, and 1.5 times evapotranspiration. Leaching of the soil (L) significantly affected concentrations of N, Ca, P, Na, Cl, and Mg in topgrowth at specific ages. These effects were attributed to the non-steady state salinity of the rootzone and were found to be of minor importance with respect to plant performance. Concentrations of Ca and N did not respond to ECi. Nitrogen and P levels were very low under all ECi levels and decreased rapidly until maturity. Sodium and Cl attained fairly high concentrations in plant tops, in response to ECi and plant age. However, it was found that up to ECi=12 increased absorption of Cl controlled its concentration whereas above this level, growth inhibition was the cause of higher Cl concentrations.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02184294

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