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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A multi-nucleate male-sterile mutant of maize with gametophytic expression (1997)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 10 (1997), S. 22-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Maize ; Pollen ; Male sterility ; Gametophytic mutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  In order to dissect the complex genetic system that controls pollen development, we have undertaken a program of transposon insertion mutagenesis, with the purpose of producing mutations in gametophytically acting genes that are important for this process. The present work reports the developmental cytology of one of the mutants isolated, gaMS-2 (gametophytic male sterile-2). A peculiar feature of the mutant grains was lack of differentiation between the vegetative and the generative nuclei, leading to alteration in number, conformation and placement of nuclei. At anthesis, the grains carrying the mutant allele are about 40% of the normal grain size, contain a very reduced amount of starch and exhibit various nuclear abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050063
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A cDNA clone from hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) encoding a low molecular weight heat shock protein expressed in the reproductive structures (1998)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 11 (1998), S. 29-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Hazelnut ; LMWHSPs ; Pollen development ; Flower development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050117
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    gaMS-1: a gametophytic male sterile mutant in maize (1996)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 9 (1996), S. 216-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Maize pollen ; Male sterility ; Microsporogenesis ; Gametophytic gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Several pollen-specific genes from different species have been isolated and characterized at the molecular level, but the precise role of most of them is unknown. Mutant analysis represents a direct approach to uncovering gene function, but the paucity of available mutants affecting pollen development and/or function and the poor characterization of the known mutants have so far limited the exploitation of this approach. Here we present the cytological characterization of gametophytic male sterile-1 (gaMS-1), a maize mutant that we identified in a program of transposon insertion mutagenesis for the production of mutations in gametophytically acting genes involved in microsporogenesis. gaMS-1 is expressed during or immediately after the first microspore division and leads to the production of immature, non-functional pollen grains. The mutation appears to affect the events leading to the developmental switch that follows the first microspore mitosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050034
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    gaMS-1: A gametophytic male sterile mutant in maize (1996)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 9 (1996), S. 216-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Maize pollen ; Male sterility ; Microsporogenesis ; Gametophytic gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Several pollen-specific genes from different species have been isolated and characterized at the molecular level, but the precise role of most of them is unknown. Mutant analysis represents a direct approach to uncovering gene function, but the paucity of available mutants affecting pollen development and/or function and the poor characterization of the known mutants have so far limited the exploitation of this approach. Here we present the cytological characterization ofgametophytic male sterile-1 (gaMS-1), a maize mutant that we identified in a program of transposon insertion mutagenesis for the production of mutations in gametophytically acting genes involved in microsporogenesis.gaMS-1 is expressed during or immediately after the first microspore division and leads to the production of immature, nonfunctional pollen grains. The mutation appears to affect the events leading to the developmental switch that follows the first microspore mitosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02173101
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Male gametophytic selection in maize (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 63 (1982), S. 249-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Maize ; Pollen ; Gametophytic selection ; Competitive ability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary There is evidence that male gametophyte selection is a widespread phenomenon in higher plants. The pollen tube growth rate is one of the main components of gametophyte selective value; genetic variability for this trait, due to the effect of single genes or to quantitative variation, has been described in maize. However, indication of gametophytic selection has been indirectly obtained; its effect was revealed by the positive relation observed between gametophyte competitive ability and sporophyte metrical traits. This paper considers the results of selection applied to gametophyte populations produced from single plants. The competitive ability of the lines was evaluated in comparison with that of a standard line by means of the pollen mixture technique. Sporophytic traits were measured in the hybrid progeny obtained by crossing selected S3 and S4 families with an unrelated single cross and an inbred line. Gametophyte selection produced inbred lines with high gametophyte competitive ability. In view of the selection procedure adopted, this result was interpreted as an indication of haploid expression of genes involved in the control of pollen tube growth. Moreover, this gametophytic trait was positively correlated with sporophytic traits (seedling weight, kernel weight and root tip growth in vitro), indicating that both groups of characters have a common genetic basis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304004
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular markers (RFLPs and HSPs) for the genetic dissection of thermotolerance in maize (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 81 (1991), S. 713-719 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Thermotolerance ; Membrane stability ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Heat shock proteins ; Maize
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Cellular membrane stability (CMS) is a physiological index widely used to evaluate thermostability in plants. The genetic basis of the character has been studied following two different approaches: restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, and the effects of segregating heat shock protein (HSP) loci. RFLP analysis was based on a set of recombinant inbreds derived from the T32 × CM37 F1 hybrid and characterized for about 200 RFLP loci. Heritability of CMS estimated by standard quantitative analysis was 0.73. Regression analysis of CMS on RFLPs detected a minimum number of six quantitative trait loci (QTL) accounting for 53% of the genetic variability. The analysis of the matrices of correlation between RFLP loci, either within or between chromosomes, indicates that no false assignment was produced by this analysis. The effect of HSPs on the variability of the CMS was tested for a low-molecular-weight peptide (HSP-17) showing presence-absence of segregation in the B73 × Pa33 F2 population. Although the genetic variability of the character was very high (h 2=0.58) the effect of HSP-17 was not significant, indicating either that the polypeptide is not involved in the determination of the character or that its effect is not statistically detectable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224979
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sporophytic response to pollen selection for Alachlor tolerance in maize (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 812-817 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Zea mays L. ; Pollen assay ; Gametophytic selection ; Alachlor ; Herbicide tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In order to assess the efficiency of male gametophytic selection (MGS) for crop improvement, pollen selection for tolerance to herbicide was applied in maize. The experiment was designed to test the parallel reactivity to Alachlor of pollen and plants grown in controlled conditions or in the field, the response to pollen selection in the sporophytic progeny, the response to a second cycle of MGS, and the transmission of the selected trait to the following generations. The results demonstrated that pollen assay can be used to predict Alachlor tolerance under field conditions and to monitor the response to selection. A positive response to selection applied to pollen in the sporophytic progeny was obtained in diverse genetic backgrounds, indicating that the technique can be generally included in standard breeding programs; the analysis of the data produced in a second selection cycle indicated that the selected trait is maintained in the next generation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01253990
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollen-pistil interaction in maize: effects on genetic variation of pollen traits (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 936-940 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Maize ; Zea mays L ; Pollen competitive ability ; Pollen germinability Pollen-tube growth ; Pollen-pistil interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Various factors (pollen diameter, in vitro germination and tube length, in vivo growth rate in selfed and nonselfed styles) which could possibly contribute to the competitive ability of pollen were investigated on 30 Zea mays L. inbred lines. The only factor with which pollen diameter was positively correlated was in vitro pollen-tube growth. Traits related to the early stages of growth (in vitro germination, in vitro tube length, early in vivo pollen growth rate) were all positively correlated with each other, and these early characteristics were negatively correlated with late in vivo tube growth rate, which is largely influenced by the stylar genotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223903
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of drought tolerance in maize by molecular markers. II. Plant height and flowering (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 289-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Zea mays L ; Maize ; Drought Molecular markers ; Flowering ; Linkage analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Drought is a serious agronomic problem, and one of the most important factors contributing to crop yield loss. In maize grown in temperate areas, drought stress occurs just before and during the flowering period; consequently, tolerance to water stress in this species is largely determined by events that occur at or shortly after flowering. The purposes of our investigation were: (1) to identify the chromosomal regions where factors conferring drought tolerance for traits related to plant development and flowering are located and (2) to compare these regions with those carrying QTLs controlling these traits, in order to get indirect information on the genetic and physiological basis of maize response to water stress. To this aim, we performed a linkage analysis between the expression of male and female flowering time, anthesis-silking interval (ASI), plant height and molecular markers. The experiment was carried out under two environmental conditions, well-watered and water-stressed, on a maize population of 142 recombinant inbred lines obtained by selfing the F1 between lines B73 and H99 and genotyped by RFLP, microsatellites (SSR) and AFLP markers, for a total of 153 loci. Linkage analysis revealed that, for male flowering time and plant height, most of the QTLs detected were the same under control and stress conditions. In contrast, with respect to female flowering time and ASI diverse QTLs appeared to be expressed either under control conditions or under stress. All of the QTLs conferring tolerance to drought were located in a different chromosome position as compared to the map position of the factors controlling the trait per se. This suggests that plant tolerance, in its different components, is not attributable to the presence of favourable allelic combinations controlling the trait but is based on physiological characteristics not directly associated with the control of the character.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051234
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variability of gametophyte growth rate in maize (1975)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 46 (1975), S. 289-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In order to measure differences in the pollen growth rate of numerous lines of maize and to investigate the main features of their genetic control, gametophyte growth was studied in vitro and in vivo. In vitro pollen tube growth of twenty inbred lines and seven hybrids was measured; a remarkable variability was observed in the growth rate of the inbred lines examined: most lines were distinct, showing different levels of growth. Analysis of frequency distribution of pollen tube lengths for pairs of inbred lines and their F1′ s revealed greater variance among lengths of F1 pollen tubes, presumably indicating the segregation of genetic factors expressed in the gametophyte. Similar frequency distributions of tube lengths in pollen produced by two pairs of reciprocal hybrids virtually excluded the presence of a cytoplasmic component. In vivo competitive ability of pollen tubes was measured as the increase in relative fertilization frequency from apex to base of the ear. Mixtures were made using two types of genetically distinguishable pollen, and were applied to a female common parent. Nine pairs of inbred lines furnished the pollen for the mixtures. In all cases where the B14 line was involved, this pollen type fertilized nearly all the ovules, perhaps indicating the presence of a gametophytic factor. When other lines were compared, the ears contained mixtures of the two possible seed types, the relative proportions of which indicated the differential competitive abilities of the two pollen tube types. A comparison between in vitro and in vivo behavior was made for some genotypes. In vivo results generally agreed with in vitro results. The degree of the differences between lines however was changed, presumably because pollen-style or pollen-pollen interactions are absent in vitro. Differing growth patterns between lines were also revealed in vivo by direct observation of fluorescent pollen tubes within the silks, a finding which may be useful in further studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00281151
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