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  • 1
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    Interaction of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 subtype with G protein G{alpha}i/o isotypes and G{beta}{gamma} subunits as studied with the maltose-binding protein-M2-G{alpha}i/o fusion proteins expressed in Escherichia coli (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-29
    Description: We expressed the fusion proteins of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M 2 subtype (M 2 receptor) with a maltose-binding protein (MBP) and various G protein α subunits (Gα i1–i3/o ) at its N- and C-terminals, respectively (MBP-M 2 -Gα i/o ), in Escherichia coli , and examined the effect of G protein β subunits (Gβ) on the receptor–Gα interaction as assessed by agonist- and GDP-dependent [ 35 S]GTPS binding of the fusion proteins. We found that (i) Gβ promoted both the agonist-dependent and -independent [ 35 S]GTPS binding with little effect on the guanine nucleotide-sensitive high-affinity agonist binding, (ii) the specific [ 35 S]GTPS binding activity was much greater for MBP-M 2 -Gα oA than for MBP-M 2 -Gα i1–i3 in the absence of Gβ, whereas Gβ preferentially promoted the agonist-dependent decrease in the affinity for GDP of MBP-M 2 -Gα i1–i3 rather than of MBP-M 2 -Gα oA , and (iii) the proportion of agonist-dependent [ 35 S]GTPS binding was roughly 50% irrespective of species of Gα and the presence or absence of Gβ. These results demonstrate that receptor-Gα fusion proteins expressed in E. coli could be useful for studies of receptor–G interaction.
    Print ISSN: 0021-924X
    Electronic ISSN: 1756-2651
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Biochemical Society (JBS).
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  • 2
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    Nutrient availability regulates SIRT1 through a forkhead-dependent pathway (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-18
    Description: Nutrient availability regulates life-span in a wide range of organisms. We demonstrate that in mammalian cells, acute nutrient withdrawal simultaneously augments expression of the SIRT1 deacetylase and activates the Forkhead transcription factor Foxo3a. Knockdown of Foxo3a expression inhibited the starvation-induced increase in SIRT1 expression. Stimulation of SIRT1 transcription by Foxo3a was mediated through two p53 binding sites present in the SIRT1 promoter, and a nutrient-sensitive physical interaction was observed between Foxo3a and p53. SIRT1 expression was not induced in starved p53-deficient mice. Thus, in mammalian cells, p53, Foxo3a, and SIRT1, three proteins separately implicated in aging, constitute a nutrient-sensing pathway.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nemoto, Shino -- Fergusson, Maria M -- Finkel, Toren -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 17;306(5704):2105-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15604409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Culture Media ; Culture Media, Serum-Free ; DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Gene Deletion ; Genes, p53 ; Glucose ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; PC12 Cells ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology ; Rats ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Serum ; Sirtuin 1 ; Sirtuins/genetics/*metabolism ; *Starvation ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Redox regulation of forkhead proteins through a p66shc-dependent signaling pathway (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-03-09
    Description: Genetic determinants of longevity include the forkhead-related transcription factor DAF-16 in the worm Caenorhabditis elegans and the p66shc locus in mice. We demonstrate that p66shc regulates intracellular oxidant levels in mammalian cells and that hydrogen peroxide can negatively regulate forkhead activity. In p66shc-/- cells, the activity of the mammalian forkhead homolog FKHRL1 is increased and redox-dependent forkhead inactivation is reduced. In addition, expression of FKHRL1 results in an increase in both hydrogen peroxide scavenging and oxidative stress resistance. These results demonstrate an important functional relation between three distinct elements linked to aging: forkhead proteins, p66shc, and intracellular oxidants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nemoto, Shino -- Finkel, Toren -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Mar 29;295(5564):2450-2. Epub 2002 Mar 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10/6N-240, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1622, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11884717" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcysteine/pharmacology ; *Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; *Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport ; Animals ; Azoles/pharmacology ; Blood ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism/pharmacology ; Mice ; Mutation ; Organoselenium Compounds/pharmacology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; PC12 Cells ; Phosphorylation ; *Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; Rats ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins ; *Signal Transduction ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Improvement of lateral resolution and extension of depth of field in two-photon microscopy by a higher-order radially polarized beam (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-02-12
    Description: The spatial resolution of laser scanning microscopes depends on the focal spot size. As previously reported, we successfully improved the lateral spatial resolution in confocal microscopy using liquid crystal devices (LCDs) to convert a linearly polarized (LP) beam into a higher-order radially polarized (HRP) beam. Taking advantage of the fact that those LCDs can be utilized at various wavelengths, including near-infrared, we employed a near-infrared HRP beam to improve the resolution in two-photon microscopy. Point-spread functions estimated from fluorescent beads embedded in agarose gel showed that an HRP beam at 800-nm excitation improved lateral resolution to 230 nm from 294 nm, which was obtained using an LP beam at the same wavelength. Furthermore, at the glass–water interface, the lateral resolution was considerably improved to 188 nm using the HRP beam, whereas it degraded to 510 nm while using the LP beam. The HRP beams visualized fine intracellular structures not only in fixed cells stained with various dyes but also in living cells. Moreover, the HRP beam significantly extended the depth of field, which facilitated obtaining in-focus images, especially during time-lapse observations of living cells. These results indicate that our method is applicable to various biological applications.
    Print ISSN: 0022-0744
    Electronic ISSN: 1477-9986
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Electron Microscopy Society.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Artificial Parthenogenesis in Starfish Eggs: Behavior of Nuclei and Chromosomes Resulting in Tetraploidy of Parthenogenotes Produced by the Suppression of Polar Body Extrusion
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Developmental Biology 163 (1994), S. 293-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0012-1606
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1994.1148
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High salt-treatment-induced Na+ extrusion and low salt-treatment-induced Na+ accumulation in suspension-cultured cells of the mangrove plant, Bruguiera sexangula (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 24 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A suspension-cultured cell strain of the mangrove plant (Bruguiera sexangula) was established from a callus culture and maintained in an amino acid medium in the absence of NaCl. NaCl non-adapted cells were transferred to media containing 0–200 mm NaCl. The initial growth rate decreased gradually with increasing salt concentrations. However, at up to 150 mm NaCl, cell number growth at the highest point was almost the same as that at lower salt concentrations. Cells even continued to grow in the presence of 200 mm NaCl.Cells incubated in a medium containing 50 mm NaCl for 3 weeks accumulated Na+, while those incubated in 150 mm NaCl for 2 d showed only a transient increase in Na+ and Cl– concentrations. In the latter treatment, the intracellular concentration of Na+ returned to the original low level within 2 weeks. It took a longer time for Cl– to return to its original level. As a result, the Na+ and Cl– concentrations in cells cultured with 50 mm NaCl were much larger than those in cells cultured with 150 mm NaCl. The intracellular distribution of ions after transfer to the medium containing 150 mm NaCl was analysed by isolating the vacuoles.Treatment with amiloride, an inhibitor of the Na+/H+ antiporter, suppressed the recovery of Na+ to the original level in the cells. Treatment with 150 mm NaCl for 3 d stimulated the activities of both the vanadate-dependent H+-ATPase and the Na+/H+ antiporter in the plasma membrane fraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0016-8025.2001.00761.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and photochemical behavior of polystyrene pendant tris(bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) complex
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Inorganica Chimica Acta 44 (1980), S. L289-L290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-1693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0020-1693(00)91038-7
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A nuclear extract, prepared from mass-isolated germinal vesicles, retains a factor able to sustain a cytoplasmic cycle of starfish oocytes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Developmental Biology 151 (1992), S. 485-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 0012-1606
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-1606(92)90187-L
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fertilization-induced change in the respiratory rate in eggs of several marine invertebrates
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part B: Biochemistry and 90 (1988), S. 69-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-0491
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-0491(88)90038-7
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of fringe visibility in a fibre interferometer (1983)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 15 (1983), S. 137-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple method for increasing fringe visibility of an interference pattern in a Mach-Zehnder type fibre interferometer is presented. In order to obtain high visibility, two elliptically polarized waves emitted from fibres with birefringence are transformed into two linearly polarized waves of equal amplitude and with parallel planes of polarization by using ordinary optical components. Instability of fringe patterns due to temperature fluctuation of the air surrounding the fibres is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612824
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