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  • 1
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    A distance-limited sample of massive star-forming cores from the RMS survey (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-07-09
    Description: We analyse C 18 O ( J  = 3–2) data from a sample of 99 infrared (IR)-bright massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) and compact H ii regions that were identified as potential molecular-outflow sources in the Red MSX Source survey. We extract a distance-limited ( D  〈 6 kpc) sample shown to be representative of star formation covering the transition between the source types. At the spatial resolution probed, Larson-like relationships are found for these cores, though the alternative explanation, that Larson's relations arise where surface-density-limited samples are considered, is also consistent with our data. There are no significant differences found between source properties for the MYSOs and H ii regions, suggesting that the core properties are established prior to the formation of massive stars, which subsequently have little impact at the later evolutionary stages investigated. There is a strong correlation between dust-continuum and C 18 O-gas masses, supporting the interpretation that both trace the same material in these IR-bright sources. A clear linear relationship is seen between the independently established core masses and luminosities. The position of MYSOs and compact H ii regions in the mass–luminosity plane is consistent with the luminosity expected from the most massive protostar in the cluster when using an ~40 per cent star formation efficiency and indicates that they are at a similar evolutionary stage, near the end of the accretion phase.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Parasites as a viability cost of sexual selection in natural populations of mammals (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-09-21
    Description: Sexual selection in mammals has resulted in the evolution of sexual size dimorphism (SSD), with males usually being the larger sex. Comparative analyses indicate that the evolution of SSD is associated with the evolution of male-biased mortality, suggesting a possible causal link between the two. Here, we use a comparative approach to investigate the possible role of parasites in generating this relation. We show that there is a robust association between male-biased parasitism and the degree of sexual selection, as measured by mating system (monogamous or polygynous) and by the degree of SSD. There is also a positive correlation, across taxa, between male-biased mortality and male-biased parasitism. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that parasites contribute to the observed association between SSD and male-biased mortality.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, Sarah L -- Wilson, Kenneth -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Sep 20;297(5589):2015-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12242433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Body Constitution ; Competitive Behavior ; Disease Susceptibility ; Incidence ; Male ; *Mammals/growth & development/parasitology/physiology ; *Mortality ; Parasitic Diseases, Animal/*epidemiology/*etiology ; Phylogeny ; Selection, Genetic ; *Sex Characteristics ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Species Specificity ; Testosterone/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Stochasticity and predictability in terrestrial planet formation (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-13
    Description: Terrestrial planets are thought to be the result of a vast number of gravitational interactions and collisions between smaller bodies. We use numerical simulations to show that practically identical initial conditions result in a wide array of final planetary configurations. This is a result of the chaotic evolution of trajectories which are highly sensitive to minuscule displacements. We determine that differences between systems evolved from virtually identical initial conditions can be larger than the differences between systems evolved from very different initial conditions. This implies that individual simulations lack predictive power. For example, there is not a reproducible mapping between the initial and final surface density profiles. However, some key global properties can still be extracted if the statistical spread across many simulations is considered. Based on these spreads, we explore the collisional growth and orbital properties of terrestrial planets, which assemble from different initial conditions (we vary the initial planetesimal distribution, planetesimal masses, and giant planet orbits.). Confirming past work, we find that the resulting planetary systems are sculpted by sweeping secular resonances. Configurations with giant planets on eccentric orbits produce fewer and more massive terrestrial planets on tighter orbits than those with giants on circular orbits. This is further enhanced if the initial mass distribution is biased to the inner regions. In all cases, the outer edge of the system is set by the final location of the 6 resonance and we find that the mass distribution peaks at the 5 resonance. Using existing observations, we find that extrasolar systems follow similar trends. Although differences between our numerical modelling and exoplanetary systems remain, we suggest that CoRoT-7, HD 20003 and HD 20781 may host undetected giant planets.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF SALT, PHOSPHATE AND SOME NONMEAT PROTEINS ON BINDING STRENGTH AND COOK YIELD OF A BEEF ROLL (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 41 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Beef rolls were prepared with coarse-ground beef (25.4 mm plate), 8% added water and either salt, salt plus 0.25% sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP), soy isolate, textured soy protein and modified whey solids at 1, 2 or 3% levels. Binding strength was measured with an Instron as the amount of force necessary to break a beef roll across bridge widths of 75, 100, 125 and 150 mm. Binding strength increased as salt content increased from 1% to 3%. Cook yield increased from 79% with 1% salt to 93% with 3% salt. The addition of 0.25% TPP resulted in an additional increase in binding strength. Cook yield increased from 93% with 1% salt plus 0.25% TPP to 98% with 3% salt plus 0.25% TPP. The modified whey selids at 2% level had the highest binding strength of the nonmeat protein materials added. This was similar to 2 or 3% added salt. The soy isolate at 3% level resulted in the highest cook yield, 78%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1976.tb00633.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bis(1,3-propanediamine-N,N')bis(thiocyanato-N)nickel(II) (1999)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 332-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270198013419
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of Mytilus edulis on exposure to the water-accommodated fraction of North Sea oil (1982)
    Springer
    Marine biology 67 (1982), S. 15-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Individuals of Mytilus edulis L., collected from the Erme estuary (S.W. England) in 1978, were exposed to low concentrations (7 to 68 μg l-1) of the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) of North Sea crude oil. The pattern of accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the body tissues was affected by the presence of algal food cells, the period of exposure, the hydrocarbon concentration in seawater, the type of body tissue and the nature of the hydrocarbon. Many physiological responses (e.g. rates of oxygen consumption, feeding, excretion, and scope for growth), cellular responses (e.g. lysosomal latency and digestive cell size) and biochemical responses (e.g. specific activities of several enzymes) were significantly altered by short-term (4 wk) and/or long-term (5 mo) exposure to WAF. Stress indices such as scope for growth and lysosomal latency were negatively correlated with tissue aromatic hydrocarbons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397090
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Population dynamics of Mytilicola intestinalis in Mytilus edulis in south west England (1978)
    Springer
    Marine biology 45 (1978), S. 319-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The population dynamics of Mytilicola intestinalis Steuer in mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) from the River Lynher, Cornwall, England, have been studied over 3 years. By transplanting uninfested mussels from the River Erme, South Devon, into the Lynher mussel bed, the study was extended to the growth and development of new infestations under natural conditions. Female Mytilicola intestinalis are shown to breed twice, and two generations of parasites coexist for most of the year, with recruitment taking place in summer and autumn. One generation contributes its first brood to the autumn recruits before overwintering and contributing its second brood to the following summer's recruits. The other generation overwinters as juvenile and immature stages to contribute its two broods successively to the summer and autumn recruits. Environmental temperatures are believed to control the rates of development at all stages rather than acting as triggers in the onset or cessation of breeding at specific times. There is no evidence to support the contention that heavily infested mussels are killed, and parasite mortality is shown to be density-independent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391818
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrodynamic pressure under a piston ring (1975)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 253 (1975), S. 341-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 The pressure gauge in the liner wall. A miniature pressure transducer was designed capable of operating in the conditions of a working engine. Essentially the transducer consisted of a cone-shaped plunger which transmitted the pressure from the cylinder face to a piezoelectric crystal (Fig. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/253341a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake, tissue distribution and elimination of [1-14C] naphthalene in the mussel Mytilus edulis (1983)
    Springer
    Marine biology 76 (1983), S. 109-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of prior exposure to unlabelled naphthalene on the processes of uptake, tissue distribution and elimination of [1-14C] naphthalene by mussels (Mytilus edulis) were examined. Mussels collected from Whitsand Bay (S. W. England) in October 1980 were either held unexposed or exposed to unlabelled naphthalene (0.5 μg 1−1) for 4 wk, prior to receiving a 4 h pulse of [1-14C] naphthalene in the medium (7 μg 1−1). After 4 h exposure to [1-14C] naphthalene, the major tissues (digestive gland, gills, kidneys, mantle and remaining tissue) showed exponential depuration curves which could be resolved into two statistically significant components. The kinetics of elimination and the biological half-times of [1-14C] naphthalene in the tissues were determined. Mussels pre-exposed to unlabelled naphthalene had a significantly higher rate of elimination of [1-14C] naphthalene from the gills and kidneys. These results indicate that the toxicant, naphthalene, is actively excreted from the body by the gills and kidneys and the process is enhanced by prior exposure to the toxicant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392727
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  • 10
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    Coping with crowds: Density-dependent disease resistance in desert locusts (2002)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-04-16
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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