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  • 1
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    Source to sink relation between the Eastern Kunlun Range and the Qaidam Basin, northern Tibetan Plateau, during the Cenozoic (2015)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-30
    Description: Understanding the source to sink relationship through time between the Eastern Kunlun Range, one of the major mountain belts in the northern Tibetan Plateau, and the actively deforming Qaidam Basin to the north has important implications for unravelling the growth history of the Tibetan Plateau. In this study, U-Pb dating (laser-ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry) of detrital zircons from 22 sandstone samples (Paleocene to Holocene) collected from four sections within the southwestern Qaidam Basin is combined with provenance analysis and new seismic profile interpretation to investigate the mountain building of the Eastern Kunlun Range and its effects on the development of the Qaidam Basin. The U-Pb age distributions of detrital grains from Paleocene strata are characterized by a major component of Paleozoic to late Proterozoic ages. Furthermore, carbonate debris containing foraminifera have been recognized in the Paleocene conglomerate sequences. We thus suggest that the Eastern Kunlun Range was already exhumed prior to the Paleocene. The southward onlaps of Paleocene to Oligocene strata observed on seismic profiles and the appearance of a Mesozoic component in the detrital zircon age spectra of Eocene to Oligocene strata indicate that the Qaidam Basin was widening southward during that early Cenozoic period. Well-developed post-Oligocene growth strata and the increasing proportion of Mesozoic and Paleozoic U-Pb ages in detrital zircon grains from late Neogene strata demonstrate that the relief of the Eastern Kunlun and Altyn Tagh Ranges increased, leading to isolation and narrowing of the Qaidam Basin, from Miocene to the present. The inferred pulsed deformation in the Eastern Kunlun Range highlights the complex growth history of the Tibetan Plateau.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7606
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 2
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    Along-strike variations of the partitioning of convergence across the Haiyuan fault system detected by InSAR (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-03
    Description: Oblique convergence across Tibet leads to slip partitioning with the coexistence of strike-slip, normal and thrust motion on major fault systems. A key point is to understand and model how faults interact and accumulate strain at depth. Here, we extract ground deformation across the Haiyuan Fault restraining bend, at the northeastern boundary of the Tibetan plateau, from Envisat radar data spanning the 2001–2011 period. We show that the complexity of the surface displacement field can be explained by the partitioning of a uniform deep-seated convergence. Mountains and sand dunes in the study area make the radar data processing challenging and require the latest developments in processing procedures for Synthetic Aperture Radar interferometry. The processing strategy is based on a small baseline approach. Before unwrapping, we correct for atmospheric phase delays from global atmospheric models and digital elevation model errors. A series of filtering steps is applied to improve the signal-to-noise ratio across high ranges of the Tibetan plateau and the phase unwrapping capability across the fault, required for reliable estimate of fault movement. We then jointly invert our InSAR time-series together with published GPS displacements to test a proposed long-term slip-partitioning model between the Haiyuan and Gulang left-lateral Faults and the Qilian Shan thrusts. We explore the geometry of the fault system at depth and associated slip rates using a Bayesian approach and test the consistency of present-day geodetic surface displacements with a long-term tectonic model. We determine a uniform convergence rate of 10 [8.6–11.5] mm yr –1 with an N89 [81–97]°E across the whole fault system, with a variable partitioning west and east of a major extensional fault-jog (the Tianzhu pull-apart basin). Our 2-D model of two profiles perpendicular to the fault system gives a quantitative understanding of how crustal deformation is accommodated by the various branches of this thrust/strike-slip fault system and demonstrates how the geometry of the Haiyuan fault system controls the partitioning of the deep secular motion.
    Keywords: Geodynamics and Tectonics
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 3
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    Synthetic clonal reproduction through seeds (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-19
    Description: Cloning through seeds has potential revolutionary applications in agriculture, because it would allow vigorous hybrids to be propagated indefinitely. However, asexual seed formation or apomixis, avoiding meiosis and fertilization, is not found in the major food crops. To develop de novo synthesis of apomixis, we crossed Arabidopsis MiMe and dyad mutants that produce diploid clonal gametes to a strain whose chromosomes are engineered to be eliminated after fertilization. Up to 34% of the progeny were clones of their parent, demonstrating the conversion of clonal female or male gametes into seeds. We also show that first-generation cloned plants can be cloned again. Clonal reproduction through seeds can therefore be achieved in a sexual plant by manipulating two to four conserved genes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marimuthu, Mohan P A -- Jolivet, Sylvie -- Ravi, Maruthachalam -- Pereira, Lucie -- Davda, Jayeshkumar N -- Cromer, Laurence -- Wang, Lili -- Nogue, Fabien -- Chan, Simon W L -- Siddiqi, Imran -- Mercier, Raphael -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 18;331(6019):876. doi: 10.1126/science.1199682.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Hyderabad, India.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21330535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/*genetics/*physiology ; Chromosome Segregation/genetics ; Chromosomes, Plant ; Crosses, Genetic ; Diploidy ; Genes, Plant ; *Genetic Engineering ; Heterozygote ; Histones/genetics ; Meiosis/genetics ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Reproduction, Asexual ; Seeds/*genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of 6-C-(3,3-dimethyl-2-propen-1-yl) norwogonin
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 33 (1992), S. 7137-7140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Keywords: 6-C-(3,3-Dimethy]-2-propen-1-yl) norwogonin. ; Flavonoids ; Prenyl flavones ; Synthesis
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040-4039(00)60856-0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical and physiological aspects of brown blotch disease of Agaricus bisporus (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology reviews 23 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6976
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pseudomonas tolaasii is a bacterium endemic to the compost beds where common mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is cultivated. Under some environmental conditions still not well-determined, but influenced by temperature and relative humidity, the bacterium can become pathogenic and provoke the brown blotch disease. This review describes the interaction between P. tolaasii and A. bisporus that results in the appearance of brown spots on the mushroom caps, typical symptoms of the disease. Firstly, P. tolaasii is studied, the changes in pathogenicity are explained, the compounds that provoke the damage are enumerated as well as various experimental methods to identify the pathogenic form of the bacteria. Secondly, mechanisms involved in the formation of the brown colour on the A. bisporus caps upon infection are briefly mentioned, taking into account the enzymes that catalyse the reaction, their mechanism, substrates and reaction products. Afterwards, a detailed description of the infection process is presented step by step, starting by the chemotactical attraction, fixation, secretion of the toxins, membrane breakdown, effect of the toxin on mushroom polyphenol oxidases and on the discolouration reaction. A possible mechanism of infection is hypothesised at the molecular level. Finally, the strategies tested until now to control the disease are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.1999.tb00415.x
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  • 6
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    Gear noise behavior induced by their topological quality (2013)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-30
    Electronic ISSN: 2051-672X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 7
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    Multiscale analysis of replication technique efficiency for 3D roughness characterization of manufactured surfaces (2016)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-09-19
    Electronic ISSN: 2051-672X
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 8
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    Space-time distribution of γ-glutamyl transferase activity in Agaricus bisporus (1998)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-06-15
    Print ISSN: 0378-1097
    Electronic ISSN: 1574-6968
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Federation of European Microbiological Societies.
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  • 9
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    Observation and a numerical study of gravity waves during tropical cyclone Ivan~(2008) (2013)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-24
    Description: Activity and spectral characteristics of gravity-waves (GWs) are analyzed during tropical cyclone (TC) Ivan (2008) in the troposphere and lower stratosphere using radiosonde and GPS radio occultation data, ECMWF outputs and simulations of French numerical model Meso-NH with vertical resolution varying between 150 m near the surface and 500 m in the lower stratosphere. Conventional methods for GW analysis and signal and image processing tools provide information on a wide spectrum of GWs with horizontal wavelengths of 40–1800 km and short vertical wavelengths of 0.6–10 km respectively and periods of 20 min–2 days. MesoNH model, initialized with Aladin-Réunion analyses, produces realistic and detailed description of TC dynamics, GWs, variability of the tropospheric and stratospheric background wind and TC rainband characteristics at different stages of TC Ivan. In particular a dominant eastward propagating TC-related quasi-inertia GW is present during intensification of TC Ivan with horizontal and vertical wavelengths of 400–600 km and 1.5–3.5 km respectively during intensification. A wavenumber-1 vortex Rossby wave is identified as a source of this medium-scale mode while short-scale modes located at north-east and south-east of the TC could be attributed to strong localized convection in spiral bands resulting from wavenumber-2 vortex Rossby waves. Meso-NH simulations also reveal high-frequency GWs with horizontal wavelengths of 20–80 km near the TC eye and high-frequency GWs-related clouds behind TC Ivan. In addition, GWs produced during landfall are likely to strongly contribute to background wind in the middle and upper troposphere as well as the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation.
    Electronic ISSN: 1680-7375
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 10
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    A numerical study of orographic forcing on TC Dina (2002) in South West Indian Ocean (2013)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-01-24
    Description: Using the French non-hydrostatic mesoscale numerical model Méso-NH, intense tropical cyclone (TC) Dina (2002) is simulated to investigate the forcing caused by the steep orography of Réunion island (20.8° S, 55.5° E) in the southwest Indian Ocean. The model initialised by a bogus vortex derived from Doppler radar observations reproduces quite well the dynamical characteristics of TC Dina approaching the island and provides some clues on the orographic influence on the structure and the evolution of the TC. The presence of the island is observed to stabilise the cyclonic circulation by damping the natural elliptical eyewall rotation and forcing the flow circulation. Initially, the cyclonic flow is blocked upwind of the orography which induces a convergence associated with upward vertical velocities, intense precipitation and maximum horizontal winds along the upwind slopes of the island. A mountain wave, generated over the highest terrains, is associated with downward motions on the lee side. When the strongest winds reach the island, the flow changes its behaviour from passing around to over the island. Non-dimensional flow parameters in agreement with recent theories are calculated to explain TC track.
    Print ISSN: 0992-7689
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0576
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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