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  • 1
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    Anatomy of a mixed-influence shelf edge delta, Karoo Basin, South Africa (2016)
    Geological Society (of London)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-16
    Description: The position and process regime of paralic systems relative to the shelf edge rollover is a major control on sediment transfer into deep water. The depositional strike and dip variability of an exhumed Permian shelf edge succession has been studied in the Paardeberg Ridge, Karoo Basin. Siltstone-rich slope turbidites are overlain by 25–75 m-thick prodelta parasequences. These are truncated by a 30 m-thick sandstone-prone unit of tabular or convex-topped sandstones, interpreted as wave-modified mouth bars, cut by multiple irregular concave-upwards erosive surfaces overlain by sandstones, interpreted as distributary channels. The stratigraphic context, lithofacies and architecture are consistent with a mixed-influence shelf edge delta; the erosional base to the unit marks a basinwards shift in facies, consistent with a sequence boundary. Channels become thicker, wider, more erosive and incise into deeper-water facies downdip and correlate with sandstone-rich upper slope turbidites, all of which support the bypass of sand across the rollover. The overall progradational stacking pattern results in a stratigraphic decrease in channel dimensions. The results of this study suggest a predictable relationship between channel geometry, facies and position on the shelf-to-slope profile under a mixed wave and fluvial process regime.
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society (of London)
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  • 2
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    Decoupling seasonal fluctuations in fluvial discharge from the tidal signature in ancient deltaic deposits: an example from the Neuquen Basin, Argentina (2016)
    Geological Society of London
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-07
    Description: Fluvial discharge fluctuations are a fundamental characteristic of almost all modern rivers and can produce distinctive deposits that are rarely described from ancient fluvial or mixed-energy successions. Large-scale outcrops from the Middle Jurassic Lajas Formation (Argentina) expose a well-constrained stratigraphic succession of marginal-marine deposits with a strong fluvial influence and well-known tidal indicators. The studied deposits show decimetre-scale interbedding of coarser- and finer-grained facies with mixed fluvial and tidal affinities. The alternation of these two types of beds forms non-cyclic successions that are interpreted to be the result of seasonal variation in river discharge, rather than regular and predictable changes in current velocity caused by tides. Seasonal bedding is present in bar deposits that form within or at the mouth of minor and major channels. Seasonal bedding is not preserved in channel thalweg deposits, where river flood processes were too powerful, or in floodplain, muddy interdistributary-bay, prodelta and transgressive deposits, where the river signal was weak and sporadic. The identification of sedimentary facies characteristic of seasonal river discharge variations is important for accurate interpretation of ancient deltaic process regime.
    Print ISSN: 0016-7649
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of London
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  • 3
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    A case of co-existing paraganglioma and thymoma (2015)
    SpringerOpen
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    Publication Date: 2015-10-22
    Description: Background: Head and neck paragangliomas are rare tumours and can arise as a part of inherited syndromes. Their association with thymic tumour is not well known.Case descriptionThis report describes a female patient who presented with right sided neck paragangliomas. The histology of the tumour was consistent with paraganlioma. Few years later her MRI scan of the chest revealed presence of an anterior mediastinal mass that corresponded to the location of the thymus. Review of her previous scans showed that the mass was present all along and had gradually increased in size. Patient developed symptoms including fatigue, dyspnoea, migratory polyarthritis, Raynaud’s phenomenon and erythema nodosum. She had sternotomy and excision of mediastinal mass. The histology was consistent with cortical thymoma (WHO type B2) and she had radiotherapy. After treatment her constitutional symptoms improved. Her paraganglioma susceptibility genes are negative.Discussion and evaluationTo our knowledge this is only the second case report in the literature of coexistence of carotid body tumour and thymoma. The first case reported was bilateral carotid body tumour, thyroid gland adenoma and thymoma. This case also highlights the importance of long term surveillance, multidisciplinary management and being aware of associated pathologies in patients with isolated paraganglioma.
    Electronic ISSN: 2193-1801
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by SpringerOpen
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  • 4
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    Testing Applicability of Models Of Distributive Fluvial Systems Or Trunk Rivers In Ephemeral Systems: Reconstructing 3-D Fluvial Architecture In the Beaufort Group, South Africa (2014)
    Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-16
    Description: A bstract :  Multi-kilometer-scale strike and dip exposures of fluvial deposits from the Permo-Triassic Beaufort Group enable detailed analysis of spatial and temporal changes in fluvial style and stacking patterns. A study succession 145 m thick in the Abrahamskraal Formation comprises a hierarchy of channel-related deposits, from stories through channel belts that are stacked into nine channel-belt complexes in four complex sets. Channel belts show evidence for both downstream and lateral accretion and include common upper-phase plane bedding. Floodplain deposits comprise crevasse-splay sandstones and siltstone packages showing upward fining from green-gray siltstone into distinctive purple claystone, interpreted as a drying-upward trend in shallow ephemeral lakes. The lower stratigraphy is dominated by splay complexes, overlain by increasingly incised and amalgamated channelized systems with little preserved floodplain material. Paleocurrents are consistently to the northeast. While aspects of the dataset fit a basin-axial trunk-river-dominated system, they better (but not entirely) reflect a prograding distributive fluvial system (DFS). Lines of evidence include the consistent paleocurrents in early (frontal) splays and younger channel-belt complexes, and the presence of splay complexes only in the lower stratigraphy, interpreted as precursors to the prograding fluvial system. Deposition took place under conditions of flashy discharge influenced by high-frequency climate cycles, also expressed in the mudrock color changes and distribution of paleosols. These cycles overprint the expected gradual drying-upward trend in overbank deposits proposed in DFS models. The abrupt increase in channel belt incision, amalgamation, and lack of floodplain preservation associated with Complex 6 is interpreted to reflect sequence-boundary formation and a basinward facies shift that forced progradation beyond the rate predicted in gradualistic DFS models.
    Print ISSN: 1527-1404
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
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  • 5
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    Stratigraphic Record of River-Dominated Crevasse Subdeltas With Tidal Influence (Lajas Formation, Argentina) (2015)
    Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-14
    Description: A bstract :  Crevasse subdeltas develop on modern river-dominated delta plains, and may be affected by the interaction of river currents and marine processes. However, their sedimentology and stratigraphic architecture is poorly constrained, leading to simplistic depositional models of delta-plain systems in the ancient record. Extensive exposures of the Middle Jurassic Lajas Formation permit the architecture, main stratigraphic surfaces, and lateral and vertical facies variations of crevasse subdelta deposits to be constrained. Lower-delta-plain successions studied in the Lajas Formation consist of up to 5-m-thick distributary channels and interdistributary-bay deposits, interpreted as crevasse subdeltas. Crevasse subdelta deposits consist of small-scale lenticular units (~ 1–2 m thick) interpreted as crevasse channels and upward-coarsening and upward-thickening packages (~ 2 m thick) with clinothems interpreted as crevasse mouth bars. These deposits preserve interbedding of coarser and finer sediments that are interpreted as river flood and interflood couplets associated with variations in river discharge. River flood beds are commonly structureless and erosionally based, and show little evidence of tidal action and brackish-water conditions. Interflood deposits show rhythmically distributed mudstone drapes, bimodality, and brackish trace fossils. This study highlights an important but largely undocumented component of interdistributary deposits consisting of tide-influenced, but strongly river-dominated, prograding depositional bodies. An implication is that some coarsening-upward, forward-accreting units previously interpreted from the rock record as interchannel "tidal bars" may instead represent minor mouth bars of tide-influenced crevasse subdeltas. Furthermore, present-day crevasse subdeltas are restricted to river-dominated delta systems that flow into semi-enclosed or enclosed seas and lakes with microtidal conditions and limited wave action, which is comparable to paleogeographic reconstructions for the Neuquén Basin during the Middle Jurassic.
    Print ISSN: 1527-1404
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM)
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  • 6
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    Spectroscopic and computational insight into PMOs [Chemistry] (2014)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-19
    Description: Strategies for O2 activation by copper enzymes were recently expanded to include mononuclear Cu sites, with the discovery of the copper-dependent polysaccharide monooxygenases, also classified as auxiliary-activity enzymes 9–11 (AA9-11). These enzymes are finding considerable use in industrial biofuel production. Crystal structures of polysaccharide monooxygenases have emerged, but experimental studies...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 7
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    HIN-200 proteins regulate caspase activation in response to foreign cytoplasmic DNA (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-10
    Description: The mammalian innate immune system is activated by foreign nucleic acids. Detection of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the cytoplasm triggers characteristic antiviral responses and macrophage cell death. Cytoplasmic dsDNA rapidly activated caspase 3 and caspase 1 in bone marrow-derived macrophages. We identified the HIN-200 family member and candidate lupus susceptibility factor, p202, as a dsDNA binding protein that bound stably and rapidly to transfected DNA. Knockdown studies showed p202 to be an inhibitor of DNA-induced caspase activation. Conversely, the related pyrin domain-containing HIN-200 factor, AIM2 (p210), was required for caspase activation by cytoplasmic dsDNA. This work indicates that HIN-200 proteins can act as pattern recognition receptors mediating responses to cytoplasmic dsDNA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roberts, Tara L -- Idris, Adi -- Dunn, Jasmyn A -- Kelly, Greg M -- Burnton, Carol M -- Hodgson, Samantha -- Hardy, Lani L -- Garceau, Valerie -- Sweet, Matthew J -- Ross, Ian L -- Hume, David A -- Stacey, Katryn J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Feb 20;323(5917):1057-60. doi: 10.1126/science.1169841. Epub 2009 Jan 8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, QLD 4072, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19131592" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Caspase 1/*metabolism ; Caspase 3/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cytoplasm/*metabolism ; DNA/immunology/*metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/isolation & purification/metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Immunity, Innate ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/chemistry/genetics/isolation & ; purification/*metabolism ; Macrophages/immunology/*metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Receptors, Pattern Recognition/*metabolism ; Symporters ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    The effect of cooling rate on the intensity of thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) acquired by assemblages of pseudo-single domain, multidomain and interacting single-domain grains (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-05-09
    Description: Experiments designed to measure the absolute palaeointensity of the geomagnetic field generally do so by comparing the ancient thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) retained by an igneous rock with a new TRM imparted in the laboratory. One problem with this procedure is that the relative magnitudes of the ancient and laboratory TRMs may be influenced, not only by the external field intensities at the time the two coolings took place, but also by the rate at which the coolings themselves occurred. Here, we present new measurements of this ‘cooling rate effect’ obtained from treatments in the laboratory differing in cooling rate by a factor of ~200. Synthetic samples containing sized ferrimagnetic grains were used in the experiments. Theoretical considerations and previous experiments have indicated the cooling rate effect to be dependent on domain state. Increases in TRM magnitude of more than 7 per cent per order of magnitude decrease in cooling rate have been reported for assemblages of non-interacting single-domain (SD) grains. Here, we focus on magnetite grains in the less well-studied pseudo-single domain (PSD) and multidomain (MD) states using a range of applied field intensities to impart the TRMs. For the first time, we also measure the cooling rate effect in grains of titanomagnetite that have been oxyexsolved so that they contain strongly interacting SD lamellae. In all cases, the cooling rate effect measured was in the same sense as already observed in ideal magnetically non-interacting SD grains but was considerably weaker. On average, the effect did not exceed ~3 per cent increase in TRM per order of magnitude decrease in cooling rate and did not show any systematic dependence on applied field intensity. In some samples containing coarser grains, the cooling rate effect was not distinguishable from zero. The sense and magnitude of the cooling rate effect remain uncertain in truly MD grains as different studies have produced discrepant results. For the more practically relevant case of PSD and interacting SD grains, which commonly dominate the TRM in igneous rocks, however, it appears that we can be more confident in our assertions. The cooling rate effect in such materials is in the same sense as in non-interacting SD grains but smaller: a consequence of long-range ordering. In lavas and small intrusions containing these, it is unlikely to exceed 10 per cent. Although a correction should always be attempted, the results of palaeointensity studies based upon such samples will generally not be severely biased.
    Print ISSN: 0956-540X
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-246X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft (DGG) and the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS).
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of the gene for Cowden disease to chromosome 10q22–23 (1996)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 13 (1996), S. 114-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Twelve families participated in this study, including 40 affected individuals. Since CD has clinical manifestations similar to other phakomatoses such as neurofi-bromatosis and tuberous sclerosis, the initial search for linkage was concentrated on chromosomal regions known to contain tumour ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0596-114
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of O-benzyl-N,N'-diisopropyluronium trifluoromethanesulfonate (1988)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 44 (1988), S. 123-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270187008953
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