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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-12-24
    Description: Acute amphetamine (AMPH) exposure elevates extracellular dopamine through a variety of mechanisms that include inhibition of dopamine reuptake, depletion of vesicular stores, and facilitation of dopamine efflux across the plasma membrane. Recent work has shown that the DAT substrate AMPH, unlike cocaine and other nontransported blockers, can also stimulate endocytosis...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1991-10-25
    Description: The action of dopamine and other monoamine neurotransmitters at synapses is terminated predominantly by high-affinity reuptake into presynaptic terminals by specific sodium-dependent neurotransmitter transport proteins. A complementary DNA encoding a rat dopamine transporter has been isolated that exhibits high sequence similarity with the previously cloned norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid transporters. Transient expression of the complementary DNA in HeLa cells confirms the cocaine sensitivity of this transporter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kilty, J E -- Lorang, D -- Amara, S G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Oct 25;254(5031):578-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1948035" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carrier Proteins/drug effects/*genetics/metabolism ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cocaine/*pharmacology ; Dopamine/*metabolism ; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; Gene Expression ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Kinetics ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; *Membrane Transport Proteins ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Rats ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2012-10-13
    Description: The US National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke convened major stakeholders in June 2012 to discuss how to improve the methodological reporting of animal studies in grant applications and publications. The main workshop recommendation is that at a minimum studies should report on sample-size estimation, whether and how animals were randomized, whether investigators were blind to the treatment, and the handling of data. We recognize that achieving a meaningful improvement in the quality of reporting will require a concerted effort by investigators, reviewers, funding agencies and journal editors. Requiring better reporting of animal studies will raise awareness of the importance of rigorous study design to accelerate scientific progress.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3511845/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3511845/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Landis, Story C -- Amara, Susan G -- Asadullah, Khusru -- Austin, Chris P -- Blumenstein, Robi -- Bradley, Eileen W -- Crystal, Ronald G -- Darnell, Robert B -- Ferrante, Robert J -- Fillit, Howard -- Finkelstein, Robert -- Fisher, Marc -- Gendelman, Howard E -- Golub, Robert M -- Goudreau, John L -- Gross, Robert A -- Gubitz, Amelie K -- Hesterlee, Sharon E -- Howells, David W -- Huguenard, John -- Kelner, Katrina -- Koroshetz, Walter -- Krainc, Dimitri -- Lazic, Stanley E -- Levine, Michael S -- Macleod, Malcolm R -- McCall, John M -- Moxley, Richard T 3rd -- Narasimhan, Kalyani -- Noble, Linda J -- Perrin, Steve -- Porter, John D -- Steward, Oswald -- Unger, Ellis -- Utz, Ursula -- Silberberg, Shai D -- P01 NS012151/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P30 MH062261/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS006477/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS034774/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS041574/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32 MH020016/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- T32 NS007280/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- UL1 RR024160/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- Z99 NS999999/Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Oct 11;490(7419):187-91. doi: 10.1038/nature11556.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23060188" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Publishing/*standards/trends ; Random Allocation ; Research Design/*standards ; Sample Size ; Statistics as Topic
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1984-09-21
    Description: On the basis of an analysis of the human and rat calcitonin genes and of a related gene, alternative RNA processing represents a developmental strategy of the brain to dictate tissue-specific patterns of polypeptide synthesis. This regulation allows the calcitonin gene to generate two messenger RNA's, one encoding the precursor of a novel neuropeptide, referred to as CGRP, which predominates in the brain, and the second encoding the precursor to the hormone calcitonin which predominates in thyroid C cells. The distribution of CGRP in the central and peripheral nervous system and in endocrine and other organ systems suggests potential functions in nociception, ingestive behavior, cardiovascular homeostasis, and mineral metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rosenfeld, M G -- Amara, S G -- Evans, R M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 21;225(4668):1315-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Calcitonin/*genetics ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes ; *Genes ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Phenotype ; *RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1985-09-13
    Description: As a consequence of alternative RNA processing events, a single rat gene can generate messenger RNA's (mRNA's) encoding either calcitonin or a neuropeptide referred to as alpha-type calcitonin gene-related peptide (alpha-CGRP). An mRNA product of a related gene has been identified in rat brain and thyroid encoding the protein precursor of a peptide differing from alpha-CGRP by only a single amino acid. The RNA encoding this peptide, which is referred to as beta-CGRP, appears to be the only mature transcript of the beta-CGRP gene. Hybridization histochemistry reveals a similar distribution of alpha- and beta-CGRP mRNA's, but their relative levels of expression vary in different cranial nerve nuclei. Thus beta-CGRP is a new member of a family of related genes with potential functions in regulating the transduction of sensory and motor information.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Amara, S G -- Arriza, J L -- Leff, S E -- Swanson, L W -- Evans, R M -- Rosenfeld, M G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Sep 13;229(4718):1094-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2994212" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Brain Chemistry ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; DNA/analysis ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*analysis ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Neuroscience 16 (1993), S. 73-93 
    ISSN: 0147-006X
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Pharmacology 39 (1999), S. 431-456 
    ISSN: 0362-1642
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract As the most predominant excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate has the potential to influence the function of most neuronal circuits in the central nervous system. To limit receptor activation during signaling and prevent the overstimulation of glutamate receptors that can trigger excitotoxic mechanisms and cell death, extracellular concentrations of excitatory amino acids are tightly controlled by transport systems on both neurons and glial cells. l-Glutamate is a potent neurotoxin, and the inadequate clearance of excitatory amino acids may contribute to the neurodegeneration seen in a variety of conditions, including epilepsy, ischemia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. To establish the contributions of carrier systems to the etiology of neurological disorders, and to consider their potential utility as therapeutic targets, a detailed understanding of transporter function and pharmacology is required. This review summarizes current knowledge of the structural and functional diversity of excitatory amino acid transporters and explores how they might serve as targets for drug design.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The properties of several recently cloned excitatory amino-acid transporters (EAAT1-3)1 do not account for all pharmacologically distinguishable glutamate uptake activities in the cerebellum2"4. To identify additional members of the EAAT family expressed in ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1997-04-15
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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