Publication Date:
2014-01-28
Description:
Inherited alleles account for most of the genetic risk for schizophrenia. However, new (de novo) mutations, in the form of large chromosomal copy number changes, occur in a small fraction of cases and disproportionally disrupt genes encoding postsynaptic proteins. Here we show that small de novo mutations, affecting one or a few nucleotides, are overrepresented among glutamatergic postsynaptic proteins comprising activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (ARC) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) complexes. Mutations are additionally enriched in proteins that interact with these complexes to modulate synaptic strength, namely proteins regulating actin filament dynamics and those whose messenger RNAs are targets of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Genes affected by mutations in schizophrenia overlap those mutated in autism and intellectual disability, as do mutation-enriched synaptic pathways. Aligning our findings with a parallel case-control study, we demonstrate reproducible insights into aetiological mechanisms for schizophrenia and reveal pathophysiology shared with other neurodevelopmental disorders.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4237002/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4237002/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fromer, Menachem -- Pocklington, Andrew J -- Kavanagh, David H -- Williams, Hywel J -- Dwyer, Sarah -- Gormley, Padhraig -- Georgieva, Lyudmila -- Rees, Elliott -- Palta, Priit -- Ruderfer, Douglas M -- Carrera, Noa -- Humphreys, Isla -- Johnson, Jessica S -- Roussos, Panos -- Barker, Douglas D -- Banks, Eric -- Milanova, Vihra -- Grant, Seth G -- Hannon, Eilis -- Rose, Samuel A -- Chambert, Kimberly -- Mahajan, Milind -- Scolnick, Edward M -- Moran, Jennifer L -- Kirov, George -- Palotie, Aarno -- McCarroll, Steven A -- Holmans, Peter -- Sklar, Pamela -- Owen, Michael J -- Purcell, Shaun M -- O'Donovan, Michael C -- 089062/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 098051/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 2 P50MH066392-05A1/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- G0800509/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0801418/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- I01 BX002395/BX/BLRD VA/ -- R01 HG005827/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01HG005827/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01MH071681/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01MH099126/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- WT089062/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- WT098051/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2014 Feb 13;506(7487):179-84. doi: 10.1038/nature12929. Epub 2014 Jan 22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Division of Psychiatric Genomics in the Department of Psychiatry, and Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA [2] Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. ; Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK. ; 1] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK [2] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. ; 1] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK [2] Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia [3] Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. ; 1] Division of Psychiatric Genomics in the Department of Psychiatry, and Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA [2] Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK. ; Division of Psychiatric Genomics in the Department of Psychiatry, and Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA. ; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. ; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. ; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria. ; Centre for Neuroregeneration, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK. ; 1] Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK [2] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [3] Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. ; 1] Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [3] Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; 1] Division of Psychiatric Genomics in the Department of Psychiatry, and Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA [2] Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA. ; 1] Division of Psychiatric Genomics in the Department of Psychiatry, and Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA [2] Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [3] Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24463507" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive/genetics
;
Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism
;
Exome/genetics
;
Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein/metabolism
;
Humans
;
Intellectual Disability/genetics
;
*Models, Neurological
;
Mutation/*genetics
;
Mutation Rate
;
Nerve Net/*metabolism/physiopathology
;
Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
;
Neural Pathways/*metabolism/physiopathology
;
Phenotype
;
RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
;
Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
;
Schizophrenia/*genetics/metabolism/*physiopathology
;
Substrate Specificity
;
Synapses/*metabolism
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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