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  • 1
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    The Genome sequence of the SARS-associated coronavirus (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-05-06
    Description: We sequenced the 29,751-base genome of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus known as the Tor2 isolate. The genome sequence reveals that this coronavirus is only moderately related to other known coronaviruses, including two human coronaviruses, HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E. Phylogenetic analysis of the predicted viral proteins indicates that the virus does not closely resemble any of the three previously known groups of coronaviruses. The genome sequence will aid in the diagnosis of SARS virus infection in humans and potential animal hosts (using polymerase chain reaction and immunological tests), in the development of antivirals (including neutralizing antibodies), and in the identification of putative epitopes for vaccine development.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marra, Marco A -- Jones, Steven J M -- Astell, Caroline R -- Holt, Robert A -- Brooks-Wilson, Angela -- Butterfield, Yaron S N -- Khattra, Jaswinder -- Asano, Jennifer K -- Barber, Sarah A -- Chan, Susanna Y -- Cloutier, Alison -- Coughlin, Shaun M -- Freeman, Doug -- Girn, Noreen -- Griffith, Obi L -- Leach, Stephen R -- Mayo, Michael -- McDonald, Helen -- Montgomery, Stephen B -- Pandoh, Pawan K -- Petrescu, Anca S -- Robertson, A Gordon -- Schein, Jacqueline E -- Siddiqui, Asim -- Smailus, Duane E -- Stott, Jeff M -- Yang, George S -- Plummer, Francis -- Andonov, Anton -- Artsob, Harvey -- Bastien, Nathalie -- Bernard, Kathy -- Booth, Timothy F -- Bowness, Donnie -- Czub, Martin -- Drebot, Michael -- Fernando, Lisa -- Flick, Ramon -- Garbutt, Michael -- Gray, Michael -- Grolla, Allen -- Jones, Steven -- Feldmann, Heinz -- Meyers, Adrienne -- Kabani, Amin -- Li, Yan -- Normand, Susan -- Stroher, Ute -- Tipples, Graham A -- Tyler, Shaun -- Vogrig, Robert -- Ward, Diane -- Watson, Brynn -- Brunham, Robert C -- Krajden, Mel -- Petric, Martin -- Skowronski, Danuta M -- Upton, Chris -- Roper, Rachel L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 May 30;300(5624):1399-404. Epub 2003 May 1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA) Genome Sciences Centre, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E6, Canada. mmarra@bccgsc.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12730501" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3' Untranslated Regions ; 5' Untranslated Regions ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Conserved Sequence ; Coronavirus/classification/genetics ; DNA, Complementary ; Frameshifting, Ribosomal ; *Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Membrane Glycoproteins/chemistry/genetics ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Open Reading Frames ; Phylogeny ; RNA Replicase/chemistry/genetics ; RNA, Viral/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; SARS Virus/classification/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/virology ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Viral Envelope Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Viral Matrix Proteins/chemistry/genetics ; Viral Proteins/chemistry/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STUDY OF FERTILIZER UPTAKE USING P32 (1946)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 68 (1946), S. 2748-2749 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01216a533
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms for Movement of Plant Nutrients from Soil and Fertilizer to Plant Root (1963)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 11 (1963), S. 204-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf60127a017
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in the kinetics of phosphate and potassium absorption in nutrient-deficient barley roots measured by a solution-depletion technique (1984)
    Springer
    Planta 160 (1984), S. 490-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Hordeum (ion uptake) ; Ion uptake ; Nutrient deficiency ; Phosphate uptake (root) ; Potassium uptake (root)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract From measurements of the rates of depletion of labelled ions from solution in the low concentration range, we described the phosphate and potassium uptake characteristics of the roots of intact barley plants in terms of the kinetic parameters, K m and I max (the maximum rate of uptake). In relatively young (13 d) and older (42 d) plants, cessation of phosphate supply for 4 d or more caused a marked increase in I max (up to four times), without concomitant change in K m, which remained between 5 and 7 μM. By contrast, 1 d of potassium starvation with 14-d plants caused a decline in the K m (i.e. an increased apparent affinity for potassium) from 53 μM to 11 μM, without alteration to I max. After longer periods of potassium starvation, I max increased (about two times) while the K m remained at the same low value. Growth of shoots and roots were unaffected by these treatments, so that concentrations of ions in the tissues declined after 1 d or more of nutrient starvation, but we could not identify a characteristic endogenous concentration for either nutrient at which changes in kinetic parameters were invariably induced. The possible mechanisms regulating carriermediated transport, and the importance of changes induced in kinetic parameters in ion uptake from solution and soil are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411136
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of soil moisture and phosphate level on root hair growth of corn roots (1985)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 86 (1985), S. 321-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Root hair density ; Root hair length ; Root length ; Soil P level ; Soil moisture ; Zea mays L
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Root hairs have been shown to enhance P uptake by plants growing in low P soil. Little is known of the factors controlling root hair growth. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of soil moisture and P level on root hair growth of corn (Zea mays L.). The effect of volumetric soil moistures of 22% (M0), 27% (M1), and 32% (M2) and soil (Raub silt loam, Aquic Argiudoll) P levels of, 0.81 (P0), 12.1 (P1), 21.6 (P2), 48.7 (P3), and 203.3 (P4) μmol P L−1 initially in the soil solution, on shoot and root growth, P uptake, and root hair growth of corn was studied in a series of pot experiments in a controlled climate chamber. Root hair growth was affected more by soil moisture than soil P. The percentage of total root length with root hairs and the density and length of root hairs on the root sections having root hairs all increased as soil moisture was reduced from M2 to M0. No relationship was found between root hair length and soil P. Density of root hairs, however, was found to decrease with an increase in soil P. No correlation was found between root hair growth parameters and plant P content, further suggesting P plays a secondary role to moisture in regulating root hair growth in soils. The increase in root hair growth appears to be a response by the plant to stress as yield and P uptake by corn grown at M0 were only 0.47 to 0.82, and 0.34 to 0.74, respectively, of that measured at M1 across the five soil P levels. The increase in root hair growth at M0, which represents an increase of 2.76 to 4.03 in root surface area, could offset, in part, the reduced rate of root growth, which was the primary reason for reduced P uptake under limited soil moisture conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02145453
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of phosphorus uptake by two tomato cultivars growing under insufficient and sufficient phosphorus soil conditions using a mechanistic mathematical model (1986)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 94 (1986), S. 87-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: P uptake ; Root growth ; Root length ; Soil solution P
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The Claassen and Barber mechanistic mathematical model was used to predict P uptake by two tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars, C-37 and Knox. The model was evaluated by comparing observed P uptake by tomato plants growing 13, 16, 19, and 22 days under sufficient and insufficient soil P conditions with predicted P uptake. Root morphological and physiological characteristics and soil P-supply parameters were combined, in the model, to predict P uptake. There was a high correlation (r=0.97 and r=0.99) between predicted and observed P uptake by tomato plants grown at both soil-P levels. However, at the insufficient level the model underpredicted uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02380591
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of P- availability from monocalcium and diammonium phosphates using a mechanistic nutrient uptake model (1990)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 22 (1990), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Phosphate fertilizers ; soil solution phosphorus ; exchangeable soil phosphorus ; soil phosphorus diffusion coefficient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Calcium and ammonium phosphates are the most commonly used phosphate fertilizers. Since they differ in some chemical aspects it is important to compare their ability for supplying P to plant roots in different soils. The objective of this research was to compare the predicted effectiveness of monocalcium phosphate (MCP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP) for supply of P to maize in 13 soils. Phosphorus was applied at rates varying with soil from 50 to 400 mg kg−1. Thirty days later P, Ca, pH, and Al were measured in the soil solution and in the solid phase. We calculated buffer power (b) and effective diffusion coefficient (De) for P, and used them, together with solution P (Cli), in the Barber-Cushman mechanistic nutrient model to predict P uptake. Monocalcium phosphate and DAP were similarly effective in supplying P to plant roots. Predicted P uptake differed between fertilizers in only three soils, and maximum differences between fertilizers in Cli or resin-exchangeable P (Csi) in any one soil were always less than 30%. The determinations most highly correlated with predicted P uptake were De (r = 0.93**) and Cli (r = 0.60*). Resin-exchangeable P was not significantly correlated with Cli, De, b or P uptake. Calcium, Al, and pH varied with source of P and soil: soils treated with DAP had lower extractable Al, lower Al in solution, and higher soil pH than soils where MCP was applied. Monocalcium phosphate increased extractable Ca whereas DAP did not affect it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01054802
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of soil temperature and water on maize root growth (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 111 (1988), S. 267-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: nutrient uptake ; phosphorus ; root distribution ; Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02139951
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling magnesium, phosphorus and potassium uptake by loblolly pine seedlings using a Barber-Cushman approach (1992)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 139 (1992), S. 209-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Barber-Cushman model ; Cli ; Imax ; loblolly pine ; nutrient uptake ; sensitivity analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The Barber-Cushman mechanistic nutrient uptake model, which has been utilized extensively to describe and predict nutrient uptake by crop plants, was evaluated for its ability to predict K, Mg, and P uptake by loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings. Sensitivity analyses were also used to investigate the impact of changes in soil nutrient supply, root morphological, and root uptake kinetics parameters on simulated nutrient uptake. Established experimental techniques were utilized to define the 11 parameters needed to model uptake by 1-0 seedlings of K, Mg, and P from a modified A horizon soil (Lilly series). Model predictions of K and P uptake over a 180-d growth period were underestimated by 6 and 11%, respectively. Estimates of Mg uptake were underestimated by 62%. While the level of agreement between predicted and observed K and P values was quite acceptable, analysis of parameter values and results of sensitivity analyses both indicated that the model underestimation of Mg uptake was the result of applying an Imax value developed under relatively low Mg concentration to a situation in which the functional Imax would be much higher due to the dominance of passive versus active uptake. Overall results of sensitivity analyses indicate that under the circumstances investigated, Imax, was the primary variable controlling plant uptake of K, Mg, and P. The dominance of this term over others was due to the relatively high Cli values for all three nutrients. Reducing (-50%) or increasing (+ 100%) other soil supply, root morphological, and remaining root uptake kinetics values did not substantially alter model estimates of nutrient uptake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00009312
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil phosphorus levels needed for equal P uptake from four soils with different water contents at the same water potential (1992)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 143 (1992), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: anion exchangeable P ; buffer power ; diffusion coefficient ; growth chamber experiment ; maize ; mechanistic uptake model, P ; rates ; root length ; soil texture ; solution P
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Soil volumetric water contents, φ, at −33 kPa potential may vary with soil from 0.06 to 0.70. Because P diffusion depends on φ, most economic P fertilizer rates required for different soils may require adjusting according to their soil-water relationships. The objective of this study was, after experimentally verifying a mechanistic nutrient uptake model on a series of soils varying in θ at −33 kPa potential, to use the model to predict labile P levels needed for each of these soils to achieve equal P uptake by maize (Zae mays L.) and verify these predictions. Maize was grown in a pot experiment using four soils having θ of 0.13, 0.20, 0.26, and 0.40 at −33 kPa each at 0, 200, and 400 mg kg-1 of added P. When root parameters obtained experimentally were used, predicted P uptake with the uptake model agreed with observed P uptake, y=0.99x+9.08 (r2=0.98). When P uptake was plotted vs. soil solution P, Cli, the relation varied with soil. The higher the θ the lower the Cli needed for equal P uptake. A similar relation was found between P uptake and diffusible soil P, Csi. Differences between the two plots occurred because of differences among soils in buffer power, ΔCsi/ΔCli. The Csi vs. P added relation was used to calculate differences among soils in the Csi needed to obtain equal P uptake. The Csi values ranged from 1.3 to 4.0 mmol kg−1. The calculated values were used in a second pot experiments to verify the predictions. No significant difference (α=0.05) in P uptake occurred. The results of this research indicate that the mechanistic nutrient uptake model can be used to predict the degree of adjustments in Csi needed to obtain the most economic P fertilizer rates among soils varying in θ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00009133
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