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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 5 (1976), S. 172-174 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Analysis of dissolved elements in fresh water at concentrations from parts per billion to the high parts per million range can be carried out using 200-500 ml sampling volumes. Preconcentration using ion-exchange resin-loaded filter papers is automatically and quickly carried out and the prepared and dried filters analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis. Excitation by a filtered low power tube, subtraction of a blank filter paper spectrum, automatic computer stripping of peak overlaps and removal of spectrum background gives net elemental counts that can be used with linear calibration curves to directly obtain concentration values. The system and approach readily lend themselves to laboratory use as well as unattended operation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 1 (1972), S. 119-123 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Energy dispersive analysis of X-rays is a relatively new but rapidly growing technique for X-ray fluorescence spectrometry offering simultaneous analyses of many elements with sensitivities to a few p.p.m. The digitally recorded spectra lend themselves to processing to remove background and interfering peaks. The net counts for each element can be converted to concentration using any of a variety of mathematical models for interelement effects. When proper specimen preparation is used, final accuracies of better than 1 per cent can be realised over much of the analytical range.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 2 (1973), S. 11-14 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The combination of energy dispersive X-ray analysis with the transmission electron microscope enables the microscopist to rapidly identify features observed in the normal operation of the microscope, at high magnification. The development of equipment and techniques, especially in the art of specimen preparation, will now permit analysis of as little as 10-18 g, on a spatial scale of a few tens of nanometres. The importance of this technique in the biological and materials sciences promises to be as great as the contribution of the electron microscope itself.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 5 (1976), S. 212-222 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The second-generation design of this removable-window detector assures reliable routine operation, and minimizes operating limitations by providing protection against electrons, light photons and contamination molecules entering the detecting unit. The extensible design allows practical optimization of detector position.The inherent limitations of ultra-low energy X-ray analysis must be understood by the user. They include problems of peak identification and sample preparation, but can be dealt with by intelligent operation and data interpretation.Practical analytical results, both qualitative and quantitative, can be obtained. In particular, the software proven successful for dealing with ‘normal’ spectra can be adapted and used for ultra-low energies.
    Additional Material: 45 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 6 (1977), S. 37-55 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Much attention has been given to the treatment of energy-dispersive X-ray spectra. Descriptions of mathematical approaches (and their implementation in computer programs) have dealt with the major areas of separating peaks from background and from each other. There has been an unspoken but widely accepted underlying assumption that the more complex the approach, and the more general it seems to be, the better. This assumption appeals to the mathematicians and programmers but should be sharply challenged by users, whose focus is more properly the analytical results that can be obtained in specific circumstances.
    Additional Material: 67 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 6 (1977), S. 56-61 
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Stephenson's CORSET method has been adapted and expanded to the newer energy-dispersive method to take advantage of its ability simultaneously to detect all elements (Z 〉 10) present (anticipated or not). Parameters such as the mass absorption coefficients and energies of absorption edges and emission lines of all elements are calculated as in Myklebust and Heinrich's FRAME program. The X-ray intensities of pure elements versus atomic number of the elements for a given line (Kα or Lα) forms smooth curves as reported by Blum and Brandt. Because of the exceptional stability of energy-dispersive methods (no moving parts, long tube life, etc.) and known overall spectrometer efficiency of these systems, they can be ‘standardized’ at installation by measuring (for a given tube, voltage and specimen holder configuration) several pure intensities (e.g. 6-10 covering the periodic table). Stored, these constants allow the calculation of the effective pure element intensity and the original intensity of the most effective excitation energy for any element that may be encountered. For an unknown sample, the program integrates net peak intensities (stripping away spectrum background and peak overlaps) and converts them to percentages with an iterative calculation. The accuracies are not as good as can be achieved with appropriate multiple standards. The compensating advantages are speed, flexibility and convenience. The entire program runs on-line in a 16K, 16 bit minicomputer.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-02-27
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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