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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Explaining Success – Hard Work, Not Illusion (1997)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Business strategy review 8 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-8616
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8616.00028
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What strategic investments should you make during a recession to gain competitive advantage in the recovery? (2003)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Strategy & leadership 31 (2003), S. 31-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1087-8572
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose: To investigate where investment during a recession pays off and where it does not. Methods: Comparing analogous businesses in the unique PIMS database, we highlight three measures to distinguish between successful and unsuccessful strategies. They are: average profitability during recession, defined as return on capital employed, change in profitability (ROCE) during first two years of recovery, and change in market share during first two years of recovery. Scope: 1,000 businesses were compared (drawn from 4,100 in the PIMS database). Results: PIMS' evidence distinguishes between "good costs", "bad costs" and "it depends costs". "Good costs" are those that should be increased and intensified during recession. "Bad costs" are those that need to be pruned hard in recession. "It depends costs" are those where the right actions are dependent on the strategic position of an individual business at the time the recession begins. Conclusions and recommendations: "In a recession, dare to invest aggressively in marketing, innovation and customer quality", is the clear message to be drawn from PIMS (Profit Impact of Market Strategy) research into which business strategies aid success during and after a market downturn lasting several years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10878570310483960
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycoprotein conformation in plant cell walls (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 146 (1979), S. 217-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cell wall ; Chlamydomonas ; Glycoprotein ; Hydroxyproline ; Polyproline II
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The major structural glycoprotein of the cell wall of Chlamydomonas reinhardii has a protein core, at least 50% of which is in the unusual polyproline II conformation. This has been demonstrated by examining the circular dichroism of the cell wall, its constituent glycoproteins, and thermolysin released wall glycopeptides. One of these glycopeptides, T2, has a high hydroxyproline and sugar content, and possesses upward of 85% polyproline II structure. The main extracellular matrix glycoprotein therefore has a rigid, rod-like structure and the significance of this and its relation to higher plant cell wall glycoproteins is discussed. The unusual conformation appears to confer great stability on the glycoprotein as it is unchanged either by certain denaturing agents or during the transition from protomer to assembled cell wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00388235
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydroxyproline: its asymmetric distribution in a cell wall glycoprotein (1979)
    Springer
    Planta 146 (1979), S. 275-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cell wall ; Chlamydomonas ; Domains ; Glycoprotein ; Hydroxyproline ; Thermolysin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The main structural glycoprotein of the cell wall of Chlamydomonas reinhardii has been cleaved by thermolysin into glycopeptides which have been separated into three fractions, T1, T2 and T3. These correspond to three distinct domains within the glycoprotein, characterized by the asymmetric distribution of both sugars and amino acids, in particular hydroxyproline. T2 is very rich in hydroxyproline (43 mol %) and is highly glycosylated, while T3 is poor in hydroxyproline and contains very little carbohydrate. The results are discussed in terms of cell wall glycoproteins and their function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387798
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of expression of the JIM4 arabinogalactan-protein epitope in cell cultures and during somatic embryogenesis in Daucus carota L. (1990)
    Springer
    Planta 180 (1990), S. 285-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Arabinogalactan protein ; Cell surface ; Daucus (somatic embryogenesis) ; Embryogenesis (somatic) ; Epitope (JIM4)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Spatiotemporal patterns of expression of the cell-surface arabinogalactan-protein epitope defined by monoclonal antibody JIM4 (J.P. Knox et al., 1989, Development 106, 47–56) have been characterized by indirect immunofluorescence during the process of somatic embryogenesis in Daucus carota L. The JIM 4 epitope (J4e) occurred on cells established in culture from hypocotyl explants which appeared to derive, at least in part, from the epidermal cells of the hypocotyl. Cultures maintained in the presence of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid developed proembryogenic masses of which only infrequent cells at the surface expressed J4e. Sub-culture at a low cell density and withdrawl of the synthetic auxin resulted in an increase in J4e expression in most surface cells and most abundantly in surface layers of cells at the future shoot end of developing embryos. The transition to heart-shaped embryos occurred concurrently with the expression of J4e by groups of cells beneath the developing cotyledons, at the junction of the future root and shoot. At this stage, J4e was also expressed by a single well-defined layer of cells at the surface of the embryos. Advancement to the mature torpedo stage was accompanied by the expression of the epitope on cells forming two regions of the future stele and of cells associated with the cotyledonary provascular tissue characteristic of the carrot seedling. At this stage there was substantially less expression of the marker antigen by epidermal cells, although infrequent expression by isolated cells of the epidermis was maintained. The correlation of J4e expression with the development and distinction of plant tissue patterns during somatic embryogenesis indicates a role for plasma-membrane arabinogalactan proteins in these processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194009
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monoclonal antibodies to the major structural glycoprotein of the Chlamydomonas cell wall (1984)
    Springer
    Planta 161 (1984), S. 330-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Chlamydomonas ; Cell wall ; Glycoprotein ; Monoclonal antibody ; Oligosaccharide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A family of monoclonal antibodies (McAb) has been raised to the major cell-wall structural glycoprotein of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardii. The work represents an approach using McAb to the structure and function of plant cell wall-components. On the basis of cross-competition assays, the McAb have been subdivided into six groups. Various lines of evidence indicate that some of these group's e.g. group III, contain McAb which recognise specific oligosaccharide side chains of the glycoprotein. Heterogeneity of the oligosaccharide side chains is demonstrated, by probing ‘Western’ blots of separated glycoproteins and glycopeptides with the McAb. The results are discussed in relation to the possibility of raising McAb as probes for the structure and function of higher-plant cell-wall oligosaccharides, which are increasingly being shown to be important in cell-cell recognition phenomena and host-pathogen interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398723
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pectin esterification is spatially regulated both within cell walls and between developing tissues of root apices (1990)
    Springer
    Planta 181 (1990), S. 512-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Avena (cell wall pectin) ; Cell wall (pectin esterification) ; Chenopodiaceae ; Daucus (cell wall pectin) ; Pectin (tissue specificity) ; Root development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Monoclonal antibodies recognizing un-esterified (JIM5) and methyl-esterified (JIM7) epitopes of pectin have been used to locate these epitopes by indirect immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy in the root apex of carrot (Daucus carota L.). Both antibodies labelled the walls of cells in all tissues of the developing root apex. Immunogold labelling observed at the level of the electron microscope indicated differential location of the pectin epitopes within the cell walls. The un-esterified epitope was located to the inner surface of the primary cell walls adjacent to the plasma membrane, in the middle lamella and abundantly to the outer surface at intercellular spaces. In contrast, the epitope containing methyl-esterified pectin was located evenly throughout the cell wall. In root apices of certain other species the JIM5 and JIM7 epitopes were found to be restricted to distinct tissues of the developing roots. In the root apex of oat (Avena sativa L.), JIM5 was most abundantly reactive with cell walls at the region of intercellular spaces of the cortical cells. JIM7 was reactive with cells of the cortex and the stele. Neither epitope occurred in walls of the epidermal or root-cap cells. These pattern of expression were observed to derive from the very earliest stages of the development of these tissues in the oat root meristem and were maintained in the mature root. In the coleoptile and leaf tissues of oat seedlings, JIM5 labelled all cells abundantly whereas JIM7 was unreactive. Other members of the Gramineae and also the Chenopodiaceae are shown to express similar restricted spatial patterns of distribution of these pectin epitopes in root apices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193004
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural analysis of leaf trichome plasmodesmata reveals major differences from mesophyll plasmodesmata (1997)
    Springer
    Planta 203 (1997), S. 75-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Antibody (Plasmodesma) ; Nicotiana (plasmodesmata) ; Plasmodesmal (antibody ; ultrastucture) ; Trichomes ; Ultrastructure (plasmodesmata)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Functional studies on molecular transport through plasmodesmata in leaf mesophyll and trichome cells revealed significant differences in their basal size-exclusion limits and their response to microinjected tobacco mosaic virus movement protein (E. Waigmann et al., 1994, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 1433–1437; E. Waigmann and P. Zambryski, 1995, Plant Cell 7: 2069–2079). To address the basis for these functional differences, Nicotiana clevelandii trichome and mesophyll plasmodesmata were compared ultrastructurally. Trichome plasmodesmata increase in ultrastructural complexity from the tip to the base cell. Their neck regions, thought to control molecular traffic through plasmodesmata, are clearly distinct from necks of mesophyll plasmodesmata. In contrast to the electron-dense desmotubular area in mesophyll plasmodesmata, trichome plasmodesmata contain an electron-translucent circle in their center, surrounded by an electron-dense ring. This latter ring is connected to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane by multiple spokes or filaments. Two monoclonal antibodies raised against a maize plasmodesmal protein preparation (A. Turner et al., 1994, J Cell Sci. 107: 3351–3361) interact with both trichome and mesophyll N. clevelandii plasmodesmata. Based on the localization pattern and the high degree of cross-reactivity, both antibodies likely recognize a conserved structural component of plasmodesmata, and may be useful to mark plasmodesma in a variety of plants and tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050167
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clonal analysis of the Arabidopsis root confirms that position, not lineage, determines cell fate (2000)
    Springer
    Planta 211 (2000), S. 191-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Arabidopsis ; Root ; Clonal analysis ; Invasions ; Initials ; Quiescent center
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract.  The cellular organization of the Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. root meristem suggests that a regular pattern of cell divisions occurs in the root tip. Deviations from this pattern of division might be expected to disrupt the organization of cells and tissues in the root. A clonal analysis of the 3-d-old primary root meristem was carried out to determine if there is variability in division patterns, and if so to discover their effect on cellular organization in the root. Clones induced in the seedling meristem largely confirmed the predicted pattern of cell divisions. However, the cellular initials that normally give rise to the different cell files in the root were shown to exhibit some instability. For example, it was calculated that a lateral root cap/epidermal initial is displaced every 13 d. Furthermore, the existence of large marked clones that included more than two adjacent cell layers suggests that intrusive growth followed by cell division may occur at low frequency, perhaps in response to local cell deaths in the meristem. These findings support the view that even in plant organs with stereotypical cell division patterns, positional information is still the key determinant of cell fate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250000284
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measuring the quality of relationships in consumer services: an empirical study (2003)
    Bradford : Emerald
    European journal of marketing 37 (2003), S. 169-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0309-0566
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Increasingly, firms are recognizing the value of establishing close relationships with their customers as a means of retaining existing customers. Also, firms are realizing that the intangible aspects of a relationship are not easily duplicated by competition, thus providing a sustainable competitive advantage to the firm. In this paper, we provide firms with a scale for measuring the quality of these intangible relationships between service firms and their customers. We then test this scale against the related, yet dissimilar scale for service quality to determine whether the relationship quality (RQ) scale adds any further explanation of behavioral intentions. Our results indicate that relationship quality is a distinct construct from service quality and that RQ is a better predictor of behavioral intentions than service quality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090560310454037
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