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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Neurosciences. ; Psychiatry. ; Psychology. ; Neuroscience. ; Psychiatry. ; Behavioral Sciences and Psychology.
    Description / Table of Contents: The future of OC spectrum disorders, a research perspective -- Developmental Aspects of OCD -- Animal Models of OCD -- Inflammation, OCD and related disorders -- Genetic of OCD and related disorders -- Neurocognitive endophenotypes and OCD -- Structural Imaging and OCD -- Functional imaging and OCD -- Advances in PET and MRS imaging and OCD -- Goal directed deficit versus habit dominance in OCD -- Electrophysiology, Error processing and OCD -- Future Use of Exposure and response prevention in the Understanding and Treatment of OCD -- Pharmacogenetics and OCD -- Invasive And Non-Invasive Neurostimulation for OCD .
    Abstract: The book highlights important new research approaches of clinical relevance, written by prominent researchers in the field of OCD and related disorders. A broad range of topics is covered, beginning with a description of the phenotypic features of the OCD followed by chapters on developmental aspects, animal models, genetic and biological models including neuro-inflammation, functional neuroimaging correlates and information-processing accounts. Finally, existing and novel treatment approaches are covered including clinical and pharmacogenetic treatment models. In this way the volume brings together the key disciplines involved in the neurobiological understanding of OCD to provide an update of the field and outlook to the future. Together, the volume chapters provide focused and critical reviews that span a broad range of topics suitable for both students and established investigators and clinicians interested in the present state of OCD research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 477 p. 70 illus., 16 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030753931
    Series Statement: Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, 49
    DDC: 612.8
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 8 (2002), S. 24-25 
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex condition that can include elements of hyperactivity, impulsive behavior and inattention. Its prevalence in childhood is variably estimated to be between 2 and 14%, and is often treated with stimulant drugs such as methylphenidate ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 283 (1980), S. 879-879 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The Experimental Analysis of Behaviour. By E. Fantino and C. Logan. Pp.559. (Freeman: Reading, 1979.) £8.40. Stimulus Control of Behavior. By H.K. Rodewald. Pp.162. (MTP Press: Lancaster; University Park Press: Baltimore, 1979.) £6.25. FANTINO and Logan have undertaken the timely but ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 285 (1980), S. 409-412 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Hungry rats exposed to the periodic presentation of small pellets of food, with temporal delay, in an experimental chamber develop excessive drinking, which can be explained neither in terms of physiological deficit, nor as a /superstitious' result of the adventitious pairing of drinking with the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 398 (1999), S. 567-570 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Drug addiction — which is increasingly seen as a neuropsychiatric disorder — places an enormous burden on society through its repercussions on crime rate and healthcare. The economic costs of addiction have been estimated at 80 billion dollars in the United States alone, and many ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 388 (1997), S. 377-380 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The amygdala has long been thought to be involved in emotional behaviour, and its role in anxiety and conditioned fear has been highlighted. Individual amygdaloid nuclei have been shown to project to various cortical and subcortical regions implicated in affective processing. Here we show that ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 289 (1981), S. 710-711 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Behavioral Neuroscience: An Introduction. By C. W. Cotman and J. L. McGaugh. Pp.838. (Academic: 1980.) 21.95, 13.80. Physiological Psychology. By T. S. Brown and P. M. Wallace. Pp.634. (Academic: 1980.) 20.95, 11.20. Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology By B.Kolb and I. Q.Whishaw, Pp.501. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2020-06-15
    Description: Regular drug use can lead to addiction, but not everyone who takes drugs makes this transition. How exactly drugs of abuse interact with individual vulnerability is not fully understood, nor is it clear how individuals defy the risks associated with drugs or addiction vulnerability. We used resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) in 162 participants to characterize risk- and resilience-related changes in corticostriatal functional circuits in individuals exposed to stimulant drugs both with and without clinically diagnosed drug addiction, siblings of addicted individuals, and control volunteers. The likelihood of developing addiction, whether due to familial vulnerability or drug use, was associated with significant hypoconnectivity in orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortical-striatal circuits—pathways critically implicated in goal-directed decision-making. By contrast, resilience against a diagnosis of substance use disorder was associated with hyperconnectivity in two networks involving 1) the lateral prefrontal cortex and medial caudate nucleus and 2) the supplementary motor area, superior medial frontal cortex, and putamen—brain circuits respectively implicated in top-down inhibitory control and the regulation of habits. These findings point toward a predisposing vulnerability in the causation of addiction, related to impaired goal-directed actions, as well as countervailing resilience systems implicated in behavioral regulation, and may inform novel strategies for therapeutic and preventative interventions.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 9
  • 10
    Publication Date: 2018-04-19
    Description: Nationalistic identities often play an influential role in citizens’ voting behavior and political engagement. Nationalistic ideologies tend to have firm categories and rules for what belongs to and represents the national culture. In a sample of 332 UK citizens, we tested whether strict categorization of stimuli and rules in objective cognitive tasks would be evident in strongly nationalistic individuals. Using voting behavior and attitudes from the United Kingdom’s 2016 EU referendum, we found that a flexible representation of national identity and culture was linked to cognitive flexibility in the ideologically neutral Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Remote Associates Test, and to self-reported flexibility under uncertainty. Path analysis revealed that subjective and objective cognitive inflexibility predicted heightened authoritarianism, nationalism, conservatism, and system justification, and these in turn were predictive of support for Brexit and opposition to immigration, the European Union, and free movement of labor. This model accounted for 47.6% of the variance in support for Brexit. Path analysis models were also predictive of participants’ sense of personal attachment to the United Kingdom, signifying that individual differences in cognitive flexibility may contribute toward ideological thinking styles that shape both nationalistic attitudes and personal sense of nationalistic identity. These findings further suggest that emotionally neutral “cold” cognitive information processing—and not just “hot” emotional cognition—may play a key role in ideological behavior and identity.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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