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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 33 (1975), S. 155-160 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Young specimens of Elminius modestus Darwin, were marked by treatment with calcium and strontium-enriched sea water, allowed to grow in the intertidal environment, and marked again. The number of growth bands laid down coincided with the number of tidal immersions. Strontium is not readily incorporated into the shell, even when its concentration in the external environment is greatly increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 55 (1979), S. 181-186 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The reef-building coral Montastrea cavernosa Linnaeus possesses sweeper tentacles which have enlarged nematocyst batteries. Sweeper tentacles appear to be used in defense of the coral's living space and may successfully deter mesenterial filament attacks from the more aggressive coral M. annularis. M. cavernosa therefore possesses a specialized defensive strategy that has not been taken into account by present models describing spatial competition in coral reef ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A comparison of shell growth in Donax trunculus (collected between 1988 and 1990 of Cullera, Spain) has been carried out using an analysis of cohort progression in monthly length frequency distributions, hyaline surface shell growth rings and internal microgrowth bands. In the Mediterranean there are two periods of recruitment of D. trunculus, one in the summer (July to September) and the other in winter (December to February). Clams recruited to the population in winter display a clear cessation in shell growth during the following summer which may possibly be correlated with spawning, whereas individuals of the summer recruited cohort show no growth cessation the following summer and continue to deposit shell during this period. The normally opaque shell of D.trunculus reveals the presence of translucent hyaline growth rings when the shells are backlit by a strong light source, and these have been shown to be laid down in the shell during summer months. Formation of a hyaline ring is accompanied by a narrowing of the microgrowth patterns present in shell sections. Both the hyaline rings and the length frequency distributions have been used to determine the age and growth rate of D. trunculus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The calcitic and aragonitic shell of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis L. contains a record of the environmental changes experienced during its growth. Stable-isotope analyses of oxygen (18O:16O) in shell carbonate from the calcitic outer shell-layer have been used to validate the periodicity of clearly defined concentric rings on the aragonitic posterior adductor-muscle scar and to estimate the age and growth of fan mussels growing in Posidonia oceanica (L.) meadows at four locations on the south-east Spanish Mediterranean coast. The stable oxygen-isotope records obtained at intervals along a profile across the shell surface enabled seasonal changes in water temperature to be established, and hence seasonal patterns of shell growth to be inferred. Muscle-scar rings were found to be deposited annually in the shell in the spring and early summer (a period of increasing water temperatures), and represent an interruption in the migration of the posterior adductor muscle along the inner surface of the shell. In small pinnids (〈25 cm) accretion of the shell is rapid during the first year, but in the second year it is distinctly slower than at the same time the previous year. This slowing down in growth during the second year coincides with the appearance of the “first” distinct muscle-scar ring, indicating that Pinna nobilis does not form a muscle-scar ring during its first year of shell growth. Maximum growth rates were recorded amongst pinnids from Carboneras, where they achieved a length of 59 cm in 8 yr, whilst those from Aguamarga were estimated to be the oldest (attaining a length of 45 cm in 13 yr).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 105 (1920), S. 72-72 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] I SHALL be grateful to be permitted to make an inquiry in connection with the principle of equivalence through the medium of the columns of NATURE. In the recent forms of the theory of relativity it has been asserted that in the neighbourhood of matter we may alternatively conceive the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Arm damage and loss were examined in starfish Asterias rubens that had been caught in a variety of towed commercial fishing gears deployed on different sea bed types. Between 7 and 38% of starfish in each catch lost one or more arms and arm loss was positively correlated with the volume of the catch for two of the fishing gears examined. Subsequent monitoring of damaged animals showed that arms were autotomised for at least 3 weeks following capture. Mortality was highest in starfish with damaged or missing arms, compared with those that appeared intact after fishing. Arm regeneration was delayed in a small proportion of the animals caught by commercial gears. In a parallel study, 17% of starfish caught by a 4 m beam trawl had a damaged ambulacral ossicle at the point of autotomy (cf none from a control group that were allowed to autotomise slowly). There was no difference in regeneration rates between the animals caught by commercial gears and a control set (caught by a small trawl and forced to autotomise an arm in the laboratory) once the animals that delayed regeneration were excluded from the dataset. After 1 year under laboratory conditions the starfish had, on average, regenerated the missing arm to 75% of the length of the other four arms. During this time period the lengths of the undamaged arms increased by c. 50%. The implications of this study for using arm loss in starfish as an indicator of fishing disturbance are discussed.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © National Shellfisheries Association, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of National Shellfisheries Association for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Shellfish Research 30 (2011): 35-38, doi:10.2983/035.030.0106.
    Description: Twenty-two large shells (〉90 mm shell height) from a sample of live collected hard shell clams, Mercenaria mercenaria, from Buzzards Bay, Woods Hole, Cape Cod, MA, were subjected to sclerochronological analysis. Annually resolved growth lines in the hinge region and margin of the shell were identified and counted; the age of the oldest clam shell was determined to be at least 106 y. This age represents a considerable increase in the known maximum life span for M. mercenaria, more than doubling the maximum recorded life span of the species (46 y). More than 85% of the clam shells aged had more than 46 annual increments, the previous known maximum life span for the species. In this article we present growth rate and growth performance indicators (the overall growth performance and phi prime) for this record-breaking population of M. mercenaria. Recently discovered models of aging require accurate age records and growth parameters for bivalve populations if they are to be utilized to their full potential.
    Description: This work was supported by grants from the American Diabetes Association (to Z. U.), American Federation for Aging Research (to A. C.), the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine Alumni Association (to A. C.), the BBSRC (to C. A. R.),the National Institutes of Health (AT006526 and HL077256 to Z. U.; AG022873 and AG025063 to S. N. A.), and the DFG Cluster of Excellence ‘‘Future Ocean’’ (to E. P.).
    Keywords: Longevity record ; Mercenaria mercenaria ; Maximum life span
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2006-09-20
    Print ISSN: 0967-3334
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-6579
    Topics: Medicine , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2013-11-29
    Description: In order to assess its potential as a sclerochronological archive, we present statistical and geochemical analyses of internal growth increment series in shells of the heart cockle Glossus humanus (L.), a large marine bivalve. The investigated samples were collected from Loch Sunart and the Sound of Mull, Scotland, United Kingdom. High-resolution stable isotope ( 18 O) analyses and radiocarbon ( 14 C) determinations indicated that G. humanus forms annual growth lines. Examination of the growth increment series revealed that the maximum longevity of G. humanus in this region was 78 years. Radiocarbon dating and crossmatching techniques, derived from dendrochronology, were used to provide an estimation of the temporal distribution of the fossil G. humanus . Of the shells that contained 〉25 growth increments, seven were found to statistically crossmatch, including shells from two distinct sites 15 km apart. The calibrated 14 C determinations independently confirmed the crossmatching of three G. humanus shells from the Sound of Mull with a separately constructed Glycymeris glycymeris chronology and a further three G. humanus shells from site 3, in the main basin of Loch Sunart, but indicate a significant difference (site 1) in the antiquity of the two G. humanus populations. Radiocarbon dating indicated that, despite their fragile nature, G. humanus shells remain preserved in near original condition for at least 700 years. Given the small amount of available shell material, it is unlikely that G. humanus will become a key species for the construction of long absolutely dated sclerochronologies. However, these data do indicate that the annually resolved G. humanus growth series could be used to supplement series from other long-lived bivalves and facilitate the construction of a robust multispecies sclerochronology spanning the last 1000 years.
    Print ISSN: 0959-6836
    Electronic ISSN: 1477-0911
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Sage
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  • 10
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