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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 97 (1993), S. 12153-12157 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 109 (1998), S. 9859-9869 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The atomic motions responsible for features seen in the spectra of network-forming liquids above the relaxational frequency domain are conventionally described as vibrational, with the nature of the vibrational modes described either as local vibrations of the tetrahedral units of the network or as extended, phonon-like vibrations, depending on the standpoint of the observer. The validity of these apparently conflicting pictures of the atomic motions is examined by an instantaneous normal mode (INM) analysis of the network-forming liquid ZnCl2. Projections of the INM eigenvectors onto the idealized modes provides a way of quantifying the relationship between the actual and idealized modes. It is shown that individual INMs do not remotely conform to the modes envisaged in the simple pictures. Nevertheless, at the more coarse-grained level of identifying contributions to the density of states, the simple pictures do provide a qualitative guide to the character of the features which are observed. These findings apply to the modes calculated with several different models of the interactions, and appear to be fairly general. A detailed examination of the nature of the INMs which appear in the frequency domain of the boson peak observed in ZnCl2 is carried out and it is shown that these modes have a mixed acoustic wave and local torsional character. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 4803-4811 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The light scattering (Raman) spectrum of ZnCl2 has been calculated in a computer simulation directly from molecular dynamics and by using an instantaneous normal modes (INM) approach. Good agreement between the spectra is reported. The calculations use a realistic model for the fluctuating polarizability of ZnCl2, derived from earlier work on simpler ionic melts. This contains several mechanisms which couple the radiation field to the ionic motion—short-range, dipole-induced dipole and hyperpolarization. INM analysis of ZnCl2 has previously shown how the character of the underlying vibrational modes changes across the density of states. Here it is shown that the efficiency of the coupling of a given mode to the radiation field depends strongly on its character and on the polarizability mechanism, so that the Raman spectra predicted for the different mechanisms differ markedly. A consequence is that the discrete Raman bands observed at high frequency in the polarized spectrum do not coincide with the spectrum of the localized, quasi-molecular ZnCl4 units of the network. Furthermore, the "light-vibration" coupling, relating the reduced Raman spectrum to the underlying vibrational density of states, is appreciably frequency dependent and different for each mechanism. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 8616-8619 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Instantaneous normal mode (INM) analysis was undertaken for several ionic melts: NaCl at six distinct thermodynamic states, and for a particular state of liquid LiCl, LiF, KF, KI, NaI, ZnCl2, and CuCl. In this Communication, we show that, in most cases, the ratio between the diffusion constants for cations (Dca) and anions (Dan) is predicted from the average frequency of the real ("stable" 〈ωs〉) and imaginary ("unstable" 〈ωu〉) frequency modes of the projection of the total density of states on cations and anions, respectively. The proposed relationship, Dca/Dan=(mca〈sup ARRANGE="STAGGER"〉−1〈ωu〉ca〈ωs〉ca〈sup ARRANGE="STAGGER"〉−2)⋅(man〈sup ARRANGE="STAGGER"〉−1〈ωu〉an〈ωs〉an〈sup ARRANGE="STAGGER"〉−2)−1, where mi is the mass of a particular species, is suggested by Keyes' INM theory for diffusion [J. Chem. Phys. 101, 5081 (1994)], with the further assumption that the parameters which are related to the topology of the multidimensional potential surface are equal for cations and anions. The above equation is shown to be valid for the simple melts NaCl, LiCl, LiF, KF, KI, and NaI, but to fail for the network forming melt ZnCl2 and for CuCl, which shows fast ionic diffusion characteristics. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 3256-3263 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Imaginary frequency instantaneous normal modes (INM) of a number of ionic melts are examined in the light of recent proposals which connect them to diffusion and to the strong/liquid character of the fluid. Separate INM density-of-states may be found for each ionic species. A linear relationship between the temperature dependence of the fraction of INMs which are unstable (fu) and that of the diffusion coefficient of each species has been found. The shapes of the single-mode potential energy curves of the fluid along INM eigenvectors are examined. The results do not support a general significance for "double-well" modes as the only ones involved in diffusion. An alternative explanation of how single or double well features develop on the single-mode potential curves is proposed. The shape of the unstable INM density-of-states reflects the character of the ionic motion: a crossover from |ω|exp(−Bω2) to |ω|exp(−Bω4) occurs as the ionic motion becomes increasingly hindered. Both behaviors, which have been reported previously for the Lennard-Jones atomic fluid at normal liquid and supercooled conditions, respectively, can occur simultaneously in a single melt for each ionic species. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 108 (1998), S. 9027-9038 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The dynamic structure factors, S(Q,ω), at a range of scattering vectors (Q) in the range 0.2〈Q〈3.0 Å−1 are calculated in a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of the viscous, network-forming liquid, ZnCl2. At intermediate Q (0.2〈Q〈0.5 Å−1), Brillouin features, with shifts and widths proportional to Q and Q2, respectively, are observed. These features persist above the frequency of the "boson peak," in apparent discord with some suggestions for its origin. At high values of Q, close to the first peak of the static structure factor, a Q-dependent feature is seen in the inelastic part of S(Q,ω). This is analogous to a recent experimental observation on the similar, network-forming system B2O3 which was assigned to a "sound mode" contribution. An instantaneous normal mode (INM) analysis was applied to understand the relationship between these observations and the nature of the underlying modes of the liquid. The INM analysis accurately reproduces the observed (in MD) behavior of S(Q,ω) but does not support the existence of well-defined, plane-wave-like sound modes in the fluid in the relevant régimes of Q and ω. Alternative explanations of the origin of the Brillouin and S(Q)-dependent features are proposed on the basis of the INM results, and results related to the origin of the boson peak in the density of states are presented. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 25 (1994), S. 923-926 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The time-dependent theory of the resonance Raman effect was employed for the calculation of the Raman excitation profiles and optical absorption spectra of the meial dithiolene species [Zn(dmit)2]2- and [Ni(dmit)2]2- (dmit = 4,5-dimercapto-1,3-dithiolc-2-thionc) The model adopted takes into account the three normal modes notable for their enhancement at resonance, and embodies the linear non-Condon coupling contribution. Previous calculations for these species using the transform method lead to estimates of the relative displacements of potential surface minima for the three modes considered, while the present calculations led to absolute values for such displacements. The metal-sulphur bond length is increased by 0.016 and 0.027 Å in the zinc and nickel complexes, respectively.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 26 (1995), S. 173-178 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The resonance Raman spectrum of bis(isomaleonitriledithiolato)nickelate(II) was investigated in order to assess the extent of the electronic delocalization within the chromophore. Previous results for the isomeric species bis(maleonitriledithiolato)nickelate(II) indicated an extensive delocalization involving the Ni - S, C=C and C≡N bonds. The present results conclusively indicate that in the case of [Ni(imnt)]2- the delocalization is much more restricted, which is in line with a previous suggestion concerning the marked difference in the two species concerning the stability towards oxidation. The resonance Raman results show a very pronounced enhancement of the v(Ni - S) and δ(ring) modes via the Albrech's A term, which is supported by the simulations undertaken using the transform method and the time-dependent approach.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1997-05-22
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2013-08-07
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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