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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AVOIDING GENETIC VULNERABILITY IN SEMIDWARF WHEATS (1977)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 287 (1977), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb34244.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BREEDING DISEASE-RESISTANT WHEATS FOR TROPICAL HIGHLANDS AND LOWLANDS1 (1996)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 34 (1996), S. 503-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Notes: Abstract Wheat is grown on about 10 million ha in the tropical highlands and lowlands of the world, where it is an important food source. Many farmers in these areas work under subsistence conditions. Wheat diseases in tropical regions can be severe and require significant efforts to control. For economic and environmental reasons, host plant resistance is the most appropriate and sustainable disease control method. We describe highland and lowland tropical wheat regions and discuss CIMMYT's breeding strategies, philosophies, and progress in developing resistance to the major diseases such as rusts, foliar blights, fusarium scab, BYD, and spot blotch. Additionally, we review the role of national wheat research programs and beneficial spillovers of our combined breeding efforts to other wheat production areas of the world.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.phyto.34.1.503
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of resistance to Tilletia indica (Mitra) in synthetic hexaploid wheat ×Triticum aestivum crosses (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 114 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Inheritance of resistance to Karnal bunt was investigated in the crosses of four resistant synthetic hexaploid wheats (SH; Triticum turgidum×T. tauschii) and two susceptible T. aestivum cultivars. The resistance was dominant or partly dominant over susceptibility. The SH cultivars Chen/T. tauschii (205) and Chen/T. tauschii (224) have single dominant resistance genes which could be allelic to each other. ‘Altar 84’/T. tauschii (219) appeared to have two dominant genes for resistance. ‘Duergand’T. tauschii (214) possessed two complementary dominant genes for resistance. The work is being extended to involve diverse Karnal bunt-resistant SH and bread wheat cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1995.tb00855.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of karnal bunt resistance in 14 Mexican bread-wheat genotypes (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 114 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Fourteen Mexican genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with good to moderate levels of resistance to Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica (Mitra)) were crossed with the highly susceptible cultivar WL711 to determine the genetic basis of resistance. The parents, F1 F2 and backcross populations of the 14 crosses were evaluated under artificial epiphytotic conditions during the 1993–94 season for Karnal bunt resistance. The F1 data suggested that the resistance was dominant to partially dominant over susceptibility. The F2 analysis of the segregation ratios in the F2 and backcross generations indicated that the resistance in the wheat genotypes Luan, Attila, Vee #7/Bow, Star, Weaver, Milan, Sasia and Turacio/Chil is controlled by two genes. The resistance in genotypes Cettia, Irena, Turaco, Opata, Picus, and Yaco was found to be conditioned by a single dominant gene. The genotypes with two genes for resistance expressed a higher level of resistance than those with a single gene and, therefore, are better sources of resistance to Karnal bunt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1995.tb00827.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of resistance to Karnal bunt (Tilletia indica Mitra) in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 114 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The mode of inheritance and allelic relationships among genes conferring resistance to Karnal bunt were studied in seven bread-wheat (six resistant and one susceptible) genotypes. The resistant genotypes originated in China (‘Shanghai#8’), Brazil (PF71131), the USA (‘Chris’), and Mexico (‘Amsel’, CMH77.308 and ‘Pigeon’). The susceptible line WL711 was from India. Evaluation of these wheat lines and all possible crosses among their F1 and F3 generations (about 100 progenies in each cross) revealed that two partially recessive genes conferred the resistance to Karnal bunt in ‘Pigeon’, whereas four partially dominant genes were present in the other genotypes. ‘Chris’, ‘Amsel’ and PF71131 carry one gene, whereas ‘Shanghai#8’ and CMH77.308 have two genes. ‘Chris’, ‘Amsel’, and PF71131 have different genes, whereas one gene was common to PF71131, CMH77.308 and ‘Shanghai#8’, and another to ‘Chris’ and CMH77.308. Gene symbols were formally designated to the resistant stocks. Resistance was incomplete and stable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1995.tb00804.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Chromosome 1B/1R Translocation on the Yield Potential of Certain Spring Wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 106 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Nearly 50 percent of the 1988 advanced breeding lines of the CIMMYT bread wheat breeding program possess the 1B/1R homozygous translocation. Hence, a trial was conducted to estimate the effect of 1B/1R chromosome translocation on the yield potential of some of our high-yielding spring wheats, where non-limiting levels of fertility, moisture, preventive pest and disease programs were used. In conclusing the 1B/1R lines seemed to have increased their above-ground biomass yield, number of spikes per meter2, 1000-grain weight and test weight. They also exhibited a slight advantage over the 1B homozygous lines on grain yield. The observed difference, however, was non-significant, as was the plant height difference observed among the two groups. Varietal comparisons indicated that the 1B/1R group headed later than the 1B group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1991.tb00482.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance to Karnal Bunt (Tilletia indica Mitra) in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats Derived from Triticum turgidum×T. tauschii (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 112 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Synthetic hexaploids (SH) developed at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), involving four Triticum turgidum and nine T. tauschii parents, were evaluated for resistance to Karnal bunt (KB) (Tilletia indica Mitra) during three crop seasons over three years at Ciudad Obregon, Sonora, Mexico. Ten tillers of each SH at boot stage, taken at random, were injected with a suspension of sporidia in water (10,000 spores/ml of water). At maturity the inoculated spikes were threshed individually and evaluated for the percentage KB-infected grains. Based on the mean KB score of each entry for three seasons, 49 % of the SH were immune (0 % infection) to KB. Highly resistant expressions characterized the SH which appeared to be influenced by the resistance of their T. turgidum and/or T. tauschii parents. The overall mean infection of the SH wheats was 0.24 % compared to 56.14 % in the susceptible bread wheat check cultivat ‘WL711’. Transfer of KB resistance genes from SH wheats into bread wheat is currently underway at CIMMYT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1994.tb01277.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of Resistance to Mycosphaerella graminicola in Hexaploid Wheat (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 112 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Septoria tritici blotch constitutes a major disease problem of wheat world-wide. To efficiently breed wheat for resistance to this disease, an understanding is required of the inheritance of resistance. Our objective was to study the quantitative inheritance of resistance under field conditions. A nine-parent diallel and a generation mean experiments were conducted at Toluca, México in 1986 and 1987, respectively, to investigate gene effects. General combining ability effects accounted for most of the variation although specific combining ability effects were detected in some crosses. Ias20*5/H567.71, Thornbird, and RPB709.71/Coc contributed the most to reduced disease severity. Reciprocal effects were detected in two of 36 crosses, where RPB709.71/Coc contributed additional reduced disease severity when used as female. The analysis of generation means confirmed results obtained from the diallel. Additive effects were also most important. Dominance effects and epistasis, mostly of the additive × additive type, were found in some crosses. Hence, substantial genetic progress for resistance can be expected among progeny from crosses with resistant parents. However, selection would be most effective if delayed to later generations because of dominance, and choice of the specific female parent may produce a higher level of resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1994.tb00688.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The 1BL/1RS chromosome translocation effect on yield characteristics in a Triticum aestivum L. cross (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 114 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Comparisons involving 28 random F2-derived F6 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines from the cross, ‘Nacozari’/‘Seri 82’, suggested that advanced derivatives with the 1BL/1RS chromosome translocation possess superior agronomic performance in both full and reduced irrigation conditions when compared with 1B derivatives. This performance advantage was attributed to high grain yield, above-ground biomass at maturity, grains/spike, 1000-grain weight and test weight. The 1BL/1RS lines were shorter with delayed flowering and maturity. The superiority of the 1BL/1RS translocation group on grains/m2 was expressed only under the full irrigation environment. Higher harvest index, longer spike-length and grain-filling period were detected only under reduced irrigation conditions. A significant grain yield relationship with test weight was detected only among the 1BL/1RS genotypes, indicating that they possess heavier and plumper grains than the 1B genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1995.tb00843.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of threshability in synthetic hexaploid (Triticum turgidum×T. tauschii) by T. aestivum crosses (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 115 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Triticum tauschii provides breeders with a valuable source of resistance and tolerance genes. Elucidation of the inheritance of traits in this species that hinder its use in breeding programmes is therefore of interest to wheat breeders. Inheritance of threshability was investigated in the crosses of four non-free-threshing (NFT) synthetic hexaploids (Triticum turgidum×T. tauschii) and two free-threshing (FT) T. aestivum cultivars during four crop seasons over 3 years at E1 Batan and Ciudad Obregon, Mexico. The parents, their F1 Hybrids and individual F2 plant-derived F3 progenies of the crosses revealed that ‘Altar 84’/T. tauschii (219), ‘Chen’/T. tauschii (205), ‘Chen’/T. tauschii (224), and ‘Duergand’/T. tauschii (214) have independently segregating loci with two dominant alleles controlling threshability. Intercrosses among the synthetics, except ‘Altar 84’/T. tauschii (219), showed the genes to be allelic to each other. The cross between the FT cultivars showed no segregation in the F3 generation, indicating common recessive genes. Based on these findings, population sizes of the synthetic-derived breeding materials should be increased to improve the chances of selecting FT desirable plants in the programme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00942.x
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