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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature dependence of the reaction between some metal oxides and polyacrylic acid (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 41 (1990), S. 445-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The temperature dependence of the reaction between some metal oxides and an aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid was investigated using the infrared measurements. The obtained data indicated that the divalent metal oxides MgO, ZnO, and PbO react rapidly with the polyacrylic acid forming carboxylate salts. The bonding between the acid groups and these metals is purely ionic in character. The reactivity between these metals and the carboxylic acid is inversely proportional to the radius of metal ions. The reaction of Bi2O3, Cr2O3, and TL2O3 is far from complete. However, SiO2 reacts slowly with polyacrylic acid at 0°C only. The results provided strong evidences that the rate of reaction between some metal oxides and polyacrylic acid depends on the temperature of reaction, This rate of reaction is enhanced as the temperature is lowered.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070410301
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic studies on the effect of doping with iodine on metal chloride-treated poly(vinyl alcohol) (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 3025-3035 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The ultraviolet and infrared spectra of films of PVA treated with Co(11), Ni(11), and Cu(11) and then doped with iodine were studied. The spectra of the films preheated in air at temperatures from 25 to 180°C for 2 h were investigated. The obtained data revealed that treatment of PVA with different concentrations of each of the mentioned metal salts causes profound spectral changes. The analysis of UV spectra showed that the intensity of the band at 280 nm decreases with increasing metal concentration. It was also found that doping with iodine results in an appearance of an additional peak at about 360 nm. Careful examination of the infrared spectra indicated that the crystallinity of the samples depends on the concentration of metals and is affected by temperature treatment.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070421121
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of γ-irradiation and temperature on the structure of metal-chloride-treated poly(vinyl alcohol) (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 40 (1990), S. 1163-1176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The infrared and ultraviolet spectra of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) treated with ferric chloride and zinc chloride were recorded. Careful examination of the infrared spectra revealed that these treatments cause significant changes in the crystallinity of PVA, particularly in the case of the treatment with ZnCl2. The results showed that exposure of untreated and FeCl3-treated PVA to 12 or 28 Mrds results in no observable changes in their ultraviolet and infrared spectral features, whereas exposure of ZnCl2-treated PVA at the same dosages, results in the appearance of an absorption band at 1595cm-1 corresponding to β-diketone groups. It was also found that γ-irradiation of ZnCl2-treated PVA produces a remarkable change in its crystallinity. Moreover, the effect of heat on the spectral features of the ZnCl2-treated PVA was discussed. It was found that the treatment of PVA with ZnCl2 helps in oxidative degradation of PVA.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070400708
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of γ-irradiation and temperature on the structure of metal chloride treated poly(acrylamide) (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 50 (1993), S. 459-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The gamma-induced changes in the structure of Poly(Acrylamide) (PAAm) treated with metal chlorides were investigated by following the corresponding variations in their ultra-violet spectra. Careful examination of UV spectra revealed that irradiation of the specimens results in the appearance of an absorption peak at 275 nm whose intensity depends on the applied dose and the nature of the metal ions. This band is ascribed to the formation of the carbonyl group. The results indicate that the dependence of the intensities of the band at 275 nm on the nature of the metal used provides strong evidence for the formation of metal polymer complexes. It was found that the pretreatment of PAAm with the appropriate concentration of ZnCl2, CoCl2, or NiCl2 reduces the effects of heating and the oxidation effects of γ-irradiation. These results show that these metal ions can be used as stabilizers against thermal degradation of PAAm in the temperature range up to 160°C. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070500309
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Irradiation of solvent-treated cotton fibers (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 1701-1706 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The infrared spectra and dielectric properties of cotton fibers pretreated for one day with toluene, methanol, and mixtures of the two have been investigated after drying the samples for 1 and 4 days. The effect of γ-radiation on the crystallinity and dielectric properties of the solvent-treated was examined. The samples were irradiated in air and also in the presence of the solvents. The data obtained indicate that the addition of toluene to methanol increases the rate of uptake of methanol by cotton. Moreover, it is found that irradiation of cotton fibers in the presence of toluene assists the oxidation of the cotton while irradiation in the presence of methanol reduces the oxidation effects of γ-radiation.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070360718
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of γ-irradiation and temperature on the structure of metal chloride-treated poly(vinyl alcohol) (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 2269-2282 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The infrared and ultraviolet spectra of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) treated with ferric chloride and zinc chloride were recorded. Careful examination of the infrared spectra revealed that these treatments cause significant changes in the crystallinity of PVA, particularly in the case of the treatment with ZnCl2. The results showed that exposure of untreated and FeCl3-treated PVA to 12 or 28 Mrads results in no observable changes in their ultraviolet and infrared spectral features, whereas exposure of ZnCl2-treated PVA at the same dosages, results in the appearance of an absorption band at 1595 cm-1 corresponding to β-diketone groups. It was also found that γ-irradiation of ZnCl2-treated PVA produces a remarkable change in its crystallinity. Moreover, the effect of heat on the spectral features of the ZnCl2-treated PVA was discussed. It was found that the treatment of PVA with ZnCl2 helps in oxidative degradation of PVA.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070381210
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared study of the effect of heat on wool (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 921-932 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The infrared spectra of wool heated in vacuum and in air to different temperatures ranging from 120 to 250°C were investigated. It was found that certain absorption bands disappear when wool is heated in vacuum to 180°C and in air to 120°C for 2 hr. Also, the results showed that the intensities of the C=O stretching band at 1660 cm-1, N-H stretching band at 3325 cm-1 and the C-H stretching band at 2940 cm-1 decrease when wool is heated in vacuum to 180°C and in air to 120°C. The spectra of the samples heated in vacuum to 250°C and in air to 225°C exhibited strong absorption bands belonging to the carboxyl and sulfonate groups.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260315
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared study of combined effect of γ-radiation and elevated temperature on poly(vinyl chloride) (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 30 (1985), S. 279-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Infrared absorption spectroscopy has been used to investigate the combined effect of γ-radiation and heat on poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The recorded spectra showed that exposure of PVC samples to gamma doses from 0.5 to 15 Mrad results in remarkable changes in the absorbances of their absorption bands. Also, the exposure to doses from 3 to 15 Mrad results in an appearance of a C=O band at 1720 cm-1 and O—H band at 3450 cm-1. The nature of the formation of these bands was discussed in terms of peroxide-mediated oxidative degradation mechanism. Moreover, it was found that heat treatment of PVC samples over the temperature range 25-180°C causes no noticeable changes in their spectra apart from slight changes in the absorbances of the bands. On other hand, it was found that heat treatment of the irradiated samples causes considerable increase in the intensity of the C=O band. In addition to the well-defined and sharp band appearing at 1720 cm-1, the spectra of the samples irradiated with 10 and 15 Mrad exhibited two bands at 1070 and 1120 cm-1. The obtained data led also to the conclusion that the C—Cl bands cannot be used as a measure of crystallinity of PVC.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1985.070300122
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical conductivity of δ-irradiated and chemically oxidized wool (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2791-2796 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260829
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