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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A parameterization of radiative fluxes suitable for use in a statistical-dynamical model (1998)
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 69 (1998), S. 23-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Summary A parameterization of shortwave and longwave radiation fluxes derived from detailed radiative transfer models is included in a global primitive equation statistical-dynamical model (SDM) with two bulk atmospheric layers. The model is validated comparing the model simulations with the observed mean annual and seasonal zonally averaged climate. The results show that the simulation of the shortwave and longwave radiation fluxes matches well with the observations. The SDM variables such as surface and 500 hPa temperatures, zonal winds at 250 hPa and 750 hPa, vertical velocity at 500 hPa and precipitation are also in good agreement with the observations. A comparison between the results obtained with the present SDM and those with the previous version of the model indicates that the model results improved when the parameterization of the radiative fluxes based on detailed radiative transfer models are included into the SDM. The SDM is used to investigate its response to the greenhouse effect. Sensitivity experiments regarding the doubling of CO2 and the changing of the cloud amount and height are performed. In the case 2×CO2 the model results are consistent with those obtained from GCMs, showing a warming of the climate system. An enhancement of the greenhouse effect is also noted when the cloud layer is higher. However, an increase of the cloud amount in all the latitude belts provokes an increase of the surface temperature near poles and a decrease in all the other regions. This suggests that the greenhouse effect overcomes the albedo effect in the polar latitudes and the opposite occurs in other regions. In all the experiments the changes in the surface temperature are larger near poles, mainly in the Southern Hemisphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01025181
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Exposing the U.S. coastal zone (1999)
    In:  Eos, Trans., Am. Geophys. Un., Stockholm, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, vol. 80, no. 4, pp. 37, 42, pp. L15318, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999
    Keywords: GIS ; digital ; elevation ; maps ; GMT
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Unlocking the correlation in fluvial outcrops by using a DOM-derived virtual datum: Method description and field tests in the Huesca fluvial fan, Ebro Basin (Spain) (2015)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geosphere
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-30
    Description: Adequate characterization of depositional architecture is of great importance when studying fluvial outcrops as reservoir analogs. The complex three-dimensional (3D) distribution and lateral and vertical relationships of sandstone bodies require a high degree of stratigraphic control in order to make a proper assessment of the distribution and connectivity of the reservoir facies. This assessment demands the use of reliable correlation datums. Unfortunately, clear marker beds (e.g., ash layers, coal beds, and paleosols) are not always available in fluvial outcrops, and when present, they are often covered by vegetation or debris that prevents their tracking over long distances. A new method to achieve highly accurate and semiautomatic correlations within fluvial digital outcrop models (DOMs) is presented in response to the need for further correlation procedures, especially in the absence of suitable datums. The method is based on the hypothesis that the average depositional paleosurface of a sedimentary system can be represented by a plane at outcrop scale. If this assumption is valid, this plane can be used as a virtual datum to identify along the DOM the sediments that were deposited simultaneously. The method was tested and applied successfully within two kilometer-scale outcrops of the Huesca fluvial fan (Early Miocene, northern Spain), where the virtual datum provided accurate correlations regardless of stratigraphic or topographical complexities. Moreover, all the sedimentary successions of the outcrops could be automatically subdivided into the desired stratigraphic intervals by only moving the virtual datum vertically. These intervals can be subsequently isolated to facilitate the detection of subtle variations and trends of their fluvial properties. Consequently, a virtual datum is the equivalent of having a marker bed crossing the stratigraphic succession of an outcrop at any desired position. The advantages provided by a virtual datum prove to be especially useful in large and topographically complex outcrops that previously could not have been studied with such a high degree of 3D stratigraphic control.
    Electronic ISSN: 1553-040X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 4
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    Characteristic length scale of the magnon accumulation in Fe3O4/Pt bilayer structures by incoherent thermal excitation (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-09
    Description: The dependence of Spin Seebeck effect (SSE) with the thickness of the magnetic materials is studied by means of incoherent thermal excitation. The SSE voltage signal in Fe 3 O 4 /Pt bilayer structure increases with the magnetic material thickness up to 100 nm, approximately, showing signs of saturation for larger thickness. This dependence is well described in terms of a spin current pumped in the platinum film by the magnon accumulation in the magnetic material. The spin current is generated by a gradient of temperature in the system and detected by the Pt top contact by means of inverse spin Hall effect. Calculations in the frame of the linear response theory adjust with a high degree of accuracy the experimental data, giving a thermal length scale of the magnon accumulation (Λ) of 17 ± 3 nm at 300 K and Λ = 40 ± 10 nm at 70 K.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Water quality under intensive banana production and extensive pastureland in tropical Mexico (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-17
    Description: The effects of intensive banana production with high mineral-fertilizer application and of extensive pastures were compared regarding water quality in a lowland region of SE Mexico. We monitored NO , NO , and PO 4 3– concentrations in groundwater (80 m depth), subsurface water (5 m depth), and surface water (open-ditch drainage) at monthly intervals for a one-year period. Irrespective of the land use, the NO concentrations in all water bodies were lower than the threshold value for drinking water and aquatic life. Particularly in areas with intense banana production, the NO contents in water exceeded the safety thresholds for drinking water of 1.0 mg L –1 ( WHO , 2006) and aquatic ecosystems of 0.2 mg L –1 ( OATA , 2008). Water from pastureland showed significantly higher PO 4 3– concentration than that from the banana plantation, indicating a high risk of eutrophication. There is a need to provide recommendations for optimal time and amount of N application in commercial banana production and for limitation of P inputs in pasturelands to avoid further contamination of water bodies.
    Print ISSN: 1436-8730
    Electronic ISSN: 1522-2624
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
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    A Pseudomonas putida double mutant deficient in butanol assimilation: a promising step for engineering a biological biofuel production platform (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-20
    Description: Biological production in heterologous hosts is of interest for the production of the C4 alcohol (butanol) and other chemicals. However, some hurdles need to be overcome in order to achieve an economically viable process; these include avoiding the consumption of butanol and maintaining tolerance to this solvent during production. Pseudomonas putida is a potential host for solvent production; in order to further adapt P. putida to this role, we generated mini-Tn 5 mutant libraries in strain BIRD-1 that do not consume butanol. We analyzed the insertion site of the mini-Tn 5 in a mutant that was deficient in assimilation of butanol using arbitrary PCR followed by Sanger sequencing and found that the transposon was inserted in the malate synthase B gene. Here, we show that in a second round of mutagenesis a double mutant unable to take up butanol had an insertion in a gene coding for a multisensor hybrid histidine kinase. The genetic context of the histidine kinase sensor revealed the presence of a set of genes potentially involved in butanol assimilation; qRT-PCR analysis showed induction of this set of genes in the wild type and the malate synthase mutant but not in the double mutant.
    Keywords: Biotechnology & Synthetic Biology
    Print ISSN: 0378-1097
    Electronic ISSN: 1574-6968
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Unconventional scaling and significant enhancement of the spin Seebeck effect in multilayers (2015)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-15
    Description: Author(s): R. Ramos, T. Kikkawa, M. H. Aguirre, I. Lucas, A. Anadón, T. Oyake, K. Uchida, H. Adachi, J. Shiomi, P. A. Algarabel, L. Morellón, S. Maekawa, E. Saitoh, and M. R. Ibarra Spin Seebeck effects (SSEs) have been investigated in highly crystalline magnetic multilayer [ Fe 3 O 4 / Pt ] n films. Voltage as well as power generated by the SSE were found to be significantly enhanced with increasing the number of layers n . This voltage enhancement defies the simple understanding of th… [Phys. Rev. B 92, 220407(R)] Published Fri Dec 11, 2015
    Keywords: Magnetism
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 8
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    Dissecting Complex Magmatic Processes: an in-depth U-Pb Study of the Pavia Pluton, Ossa-Morena Zone, Portugal (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-22
    Description: The build-up of large magmatic complexes can proceed piecemeal over periods of several million years through sequences of complex processes of magma production, differentiation, assimilation, final crystallization and subsequent metasomatic modification. All these stages can produce or modify minerals used as geochronometers, such as zircon, monazite and titanite. The present study exemplifies such complex relationships, also demonstrating how a systematic approach with comprehensive sampling and careful high-resolution U–Pb analyses can yield a coherent picture of the entire magmatic process. The study was conducted on the Pavia pluton, an elongated Variscan intrusion in the Ossa–Morena Zone of Portugal. The geochronological data show that the Pavia pluton was emplaced by the amalgamation of multiple magma pulses into the crust, over a period of c . 11 Myr. An early event at ~340 Ma, revealed by xenocrystic zircon, preceded the magmatic activity at the exposed level of the pluton, but is recognized as the main magmatic event elsewhere in the Ossa–Morena Zone. A second event at 328 Ma formed tonalite, trondhjemite and granodiorite, and subordinate differentiates in the central domains of the pluton (units I and II). A third event at c . 324 Ma emplaced granodiorite in the flanking domains III–V and the contemporaneous and widespread two-mica granite in domain VI, together with late rhyodacite porphyries, microgranodiorites, aplite–pegmatite and pegmatite dikes. A fourth event at 319–317 Ma was characterized by the emplacement of some microgranites and pegmatite dikes. These two last magmatic events also had an effect on the previously emplaced rocks, causing local overgrowths and isotopic resetting of minerals. The occurrence of a fifth magmatic event at depth at 313 Ma is the inferred cause of the hydrothermal activity responsible for local zircon, monazite and titanite resorption and/or recrystallization and for some of the textures exhibited by the main rock-forming minerals. The magmatic episodes were interspersed with periods of quiescence; this cyclicity presumably reflects an external control by the transtensional tectonic regime of the Ossa–Morena Zone.
    Print ISSN: 0022-3530
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2415
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Girard et al. (for the SIMPLE Collaboration) Reply: (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-23
    Description: Author(s): T. A. Girard, M. Felizardo, A. C. Fernandes, J. G. Marques, and A. R. Ramos A Reply to the Comment by C. E. Dahl et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 259002] Published Fri Jun 22, 2012
    Keywords: Comments
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    Final Analysis and Results of the Phase II SIMPLE Dark Matter Search (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-05-19
    Description: Author(s): M. Felizardo, T. A. Girard, T. Morlat, A. C. Fernandes, A. R. Ramos, J. G. Marques, A. Kling, J. Puibasset, M. Auguste, D. Boyer, A. Cavaillou, J. Poupeney, C. Sudre, H. S. Miley, R. F. Payne, F. P. Carvalho, M. I. Prudêncio, A. Gouveia, and R. Marques (The SIMPLE Collaboration) We report the final results of the Phase II SIMPLE measurements, comprising two run stages of 15 superheated droplet detectors each, with the second stage including an improved neutron shielding. The analyses include a refined signal analysis, and revised nucleation efficiency based on a reanalysis ... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 201302] Published Fri May 18, 2012
    Keywords: Gravitation and Astrophysics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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