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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accurate pressure gradient calculations in hydrostatic atmospheric models (1987)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 41 (1987), S. 149-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Most models of atmospheric flow which use the primitive equations require a diagnostic equation to determine local total pressure. In hydrostatic models, this equation is the vertically integrated hydrostatic equation. A frequently used approximation to this integration is to hold the temperature constant within model layers yielding a linear proportionality between δp or δπ (Exner's function) and δz. This procedure yields static pressures with errors on the order of 10−3mb. If terrain following coordinates are used, terms arise in the horizontal momentum equations involving the gradient of total pressure along the coordinate surface, less a correction for the variation of the hydrostatic pressure along a sloped surface. Erroneous horizontal accelerations are common in these models which result from spurious pressure gradients that are due to inaccurate computation of the static pressure. This error may be amplified if the computation of the slope correction term of the horizontal pressure gradient is not consistent with the method of calculating the total pressure. We derive a methodology to be used in the vertical pressure integrations that is exact if the potential temperature lapse rate is constant between integration limits. The method is applied to both the integration of the hydrostatic equation and the computation of the slope correction term in the horizontal pressure gradient. The method employs a fixed vertical grid and a dynamic one defined by the significant levels in the vertical temperature distribution. With this methodology, the error in calculation of the horizontal pressure gradient acceleration is greatly reduced, especially in situations where the isothermal surfaces are not parallel to the vertical coordinate surfaces. The problem of aliasing and the treatment of significant temperature levels is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120437
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  • 2
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    Metal-free sensitizers for water splitting [Chemistry] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-11
    Description: Solar fuel generation requires the efficient capture and conversion of visible light. In both natural and artificial systems, molecular sensitizers can be tuned to capture, convert, and transfer visible light energy. We demonstrate that a series of metal-free porphyrins can drive photoelectrochemical water splitting under broadband and red light (λ...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 3
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    Disorder-induced cavities, resonances, and lasing in randomly layered media (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-24
    Description: Author(s): Yury Bliokh, Elena I. Chaikina, Noemí Lizárraga, Eugenio R. Méndez, Valentin Freilikher, and Franco Nori We study, theoretically and experimentally, disorder-induced resonances in randomly layered samples and develop an algorithm for the detection and characterization of the effective cavities that give rise to these resonances. This algorithm enables us to find the eigenfrequencies and to pinpoint the... [Phys. Rev. B 86, 054204] Published Thu Aug 23, 2012
    Keywords: Inhomogeneous, disordered, and partially ordered systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 4
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    Nonperturbative renormalization group preserving full-momentum dependence: Implementation and quantitative evaluation (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-29
    Description: Author(s): F. Benitez, J.-P. Blaizot, H. Chaté, B. Delamotte, R. Méndez-Galain, and N. Wschebor We present the implementation of the Blaizot-Méndez-Wschebor approximation scheme of the nonperturbative renormalization group we present in detail, which allows for the computation of the full-momentum dependence of correlation functions. We discuss its significance and its relation with other sche... [Phys. Rev. E 85, 026707] Published Tue Feb 28, 2012
    Keywords: Computational physics
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 5
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    A deadenylation negative feedback mechanism governs meiotic metaphase arrest (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-04-04
    Description: In vertebrate oocytes, meiotic progression is driven by the sequential translational activation of maternal messenger RNAs stored in the cytoplasm. This activation is mainly induced by the cytoplasmic elongation of their poly(A) tails, which is mediated by the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE) present in their 3' untranslated regions. In Xenopus oocytes, sequential phase-specific translation of CPE-regulated mRNAs is required to activate the maturation-promoting factor, which in turn mediates entry into the two consecutive meiotic metaphases (MI and MII). Here we report a genome-wide functional screening to identify previously unknown mRNAs cytoplasmically polyadenylated at meiotic phase transitions. A significant fraction of transcripts containing, in addition to CPEs, (A + U)-rich element (ARE) sequences (characteristic of mRNAs regulated by deadenylation) were identified. Among these is the mRNA encoding C3H-4, an ARE-binding protein that we find to accumulate in MI and the ablation of which induces meiotic arrest. Our results suggest that C3H-4 recruits the CCR4 deadenylase complex to ARE-containing mRNAs and this, in turn, causes shortening of poly(A) tails. We also show that the opposing activities of the CPEs and the AREs define the precise activation times of the mRNAs encoding the anaphase-promoting complex inhibitors Emi1 and Emi2 during distinct phases of the meiotic cycle. Taken together, our results show that an 'early' wave of cytoplasmic polyadenylation activates a negative feedback loop by activating the synthesis of C3H-4, which in turn would recruit the deadenylase complex to mRNAs containing both CPEs and AREs. This negative feedback loop is required to exit from metaphase into interkinesis and for meiotic progression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belloc, Eulalia -- Mendez, Raul -- England -- Nature. 2008 Apr 24;452(7190):1017-21. doi: 10.1038/nature06809. Epub 2008 Apr 2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), C/Dr Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18385675" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics ; F-Box Proteins/genetics ; Feedback, Physiological/*genetics ; Female ; Genome/genetics ; *Meiosis/genetics ; *Metaphase ; Oocytes/*cytology/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; *Polyadenylation/genetics ; Protein Biosynthesis/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; Xenopus Proteins/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism ; Xenopus laevis ; mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Spin transport in a Mott insulator of ultracold fermions (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: 〈p〉Strongly correlated materials are expected to feature unconventional transport properties, such that charge, spin, and heat conduction are potentially independent probes of the dynamics. In contrast to charge transport, the measurement of spin transport in such materials is highly challenging. We observed spin conduction and diffusion in a system of ultracold fermionic atoms that realizes the half-filled Fermi-Hubbard model. For strong interactions, spin diffusion is driven by super-exchange and doublon-hole–assisted tunneling, and strongly violates the quantum limit of charge diffusion. The technique developed in this work can be extended to finite doping, which can shed light on the complex interplay between spin and charge in the Hubbard model.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Spin transport in a Mott insulator of ultracold fermions (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈p〉Strongly correlated materials are expected to feature unconventional transport properties, where charge, spin, and heat conduction are potentially independent probes of the dynamics. In contrast to charge transport, the measurement of spin transport in such materials is highly challenging. Here we observe spin conduction and diffusion in a system of ultracold fermionic atoms that realizes the half-filled Fermi-Hubbard model. For strong interactions, spin diffusion is driven by super-exchange and doublon-hole-assisted tunneling, and strongly violates the quantum limit of charge diffusion. The technique developed in this work can be extended to finite doping, which can shed light on the complex interplay between spin and charge in the Hubbard model.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    CPEB1 coordinates alternative 3'-UTR formation with translational regulation (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: More than half of mammalian genes generate multiple messenger RNA isoforms that differ in their 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) and therefore in regulatory sequences, often associated with cell proliferation and cancer; however, the mechanisms coordinating alternative 3'-UTR processing for specific mRNA populations remain poorly defined. Here we report that the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1), an RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA translation, also controls alternative 3'-UTR processing. CPEB1 shuttles to the nucleus, where it co-localizes with splicing factors and mediates shortening of hundreds of mRNA 3' UTRs, thereby modulating their translation efficiency in the cytoplasm. CPEB1-mediated 3'-UTR shortening correlates with cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. CPEB1 binding to pre-mRNAs not only directs the use of alternative polyadenylation sites, but also changes alternative splicing by preventing U2AF65 recruitment. Our results reveal a novel function of CPEB1 in mediating alternative 3'-UTR processing, which is coordinated with regulation of mRNA translation, through its dual nuclear and cytoplasmic functions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bava, Felice-Alessio -- Eliscovich, Carolina -- Ferreira, Pedro G -- Minana, Belen -- Ben-Dov, Claudia -- Guigo, Roderic -- Valcarcel, Juan -- Mendez, Raul -- England -- Nature. 2013 Mar 7;495(7439):121-5. doi: 10.1038/nature11901. Epub 2013 Feb 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23434754" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3' Untranslated Regions/*genetics ; Alternative Splicing/*genetics ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Models, Genetic ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Poly A/genetics/metabolism ; Polyadenylation/genetics ; Protein Biosynthesis/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Ribonucleoproteins/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    Reconstruction of the surface-height autocorrelation function of a randomly rough dielectric surface from incoherent light scattering (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-10
    Description: Author(s): Sangeeta Chakrabarti, A. A. Maradudin, and E. R. Méndez An analytic approach is developed for obtaining the normalized surface height autocorrelation function of a one-dimensional randomly rough dielectric surface from experimental scattering data. It is based on the contribution to the mean differential reflection coefficient, obtained in the Kirchhoff ... [Phys. Rev. A 88, 013812] Published Tue Jul 09, 2013
    Keywords: Quantum optics, physics of lasers, nonlinear optics, classical optics
    Print ISSN: 1050-2947
    Electronic ISSN: 1094-1622
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    The X-ray spectrum of the black hole candidate Swift J1753.5-0127 (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-26
    Description: We present a spectral analysis of the black hole candidate and X-ray transient source Swift J1753.5–0127 making use of simultaneous observations of XMM–Newton and Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer in 2006, when the source was in outburst. The aim of this paper is to test whether a thermal component due to the accretion disc is present in the X-ray spectrum. We fit the data with a range of spectral models, and we find that for all of these models, the fits to the X-ray energy spectra significantly require the addition of the disc blackbody component. We also find a broad iron emission line at around 6.5 keV, most likely due to iron in the accretion disc. Our results confirm the existence of a cool inner disc extending near or close to the innermost circular orbit. We further discovered broad emission lines of N  vii and O  viii at ~0.52 and 0.65 keV, respectively, in the RGS spectrum of Swift J1753.5–0127.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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